清华园里“姐妹花”──记双双考入清华大学的壮族孪生姐妹覃刚力、覃毅力

清华园里＂姐妹花＂──记双双考入清华大学的壮族孪生姐妹覃刚力、覃毅力本刊记者天粒我们虽已年老，但也要挣扎着等候你们回来．．．．．．爷爷一遍遍说着这句话，为孪生孙女送行；奶奶老泪纵横，流出她心底的自豪与不舍。爆竹声声，震皱了一泓秋水，溢成乡间清清的小河...     

广西第三次浪潮进京纳贤

中央机关机构改革究竟意味着什么？正当一些人惶惑甚至于恐慌之际，广西壮族自治区掀起了一股势头非常的浪潮：继１９９１和１９９２年之后，１９９８年第三次大规模进京纳贤。人员分流，当下人们关注的焦点，它将以怎样的走势延展？等待国家统筹安排是否就能够达到更佳效...     

文艺学美学方法论视角下的电视新闻节目研究

从1958 年北京电视台开播,我国电视新闻正式诞生到现在,已经过去了57 年的时间。在这57 年的时间中,中国的电视 新闻事业得到了跨越性的发展。从最初的黑白电视到彩色画面;从只能节目录播到全程直播;从只有几个单独的电视台到现 在的电视新闻传输的全覆盖。尤其是90 年代后,随着现代科技的发展、新兴的数字技术给电视新闻传播带来了巨大的影响。 人们对于新闻节目的制作质量要求越来越高,但是电视新闻节目的质量却良莠不齐,所以如何吸收借鉴各行各业的优秀精华, 不断提升电视新闻节目的质量,带给观众美的享受,则是新闻工作者的不懈追求。而文艺学美学方法论中的诸多内容,都对电 视新闻节目的研究大有裨益     

零售商多元理性下的农产品供应链社会责任决策研究

研究零售商多元理性对农产品供应链最优定价策略和企业社会责任投入与分担决策的影响。针对由农产品供应商和零售商组成的农产品供应链,在零售商多元理性情境下,分别探讨供应商与零售商主导时农产品供应链的最优决策问题。研究表明：1）零售商经济理性情境下,农产品供应商多承担社会责任,有助于农产品供应链整体和各成员利润的提高,当零售商作为主导时,零售商成本分担较多但是固定,供应商的社会责任投入更多。当供应商作为主导时,零售商会提高成本分担比例,供应商多承担社会责任的收益更明显。2）零售商生存理性情境下,农产品零售商对消费者剩余关注程度的增大会带来农产品零售商最优成本分担比例增加,激励供应商多承担社会责任,对供应商总是有利的,零售商会通过让利的方式提升消费者满意度。3）零售商社会理性情境下,虽然零售商提高了成本分担比例,却不能激励供应商多承担社会责任,农产品零售商的公平关切对供应商总是不利的,在供应商主导时对农产品零售商有利,在零售商主导时对农产品零售商自身效用有利,对经济利益不利。     

四川少数民族村寨旅游扶贫模式转变研究

In 2012 , State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission of the People’ s Republic of China( hereaf-ter SEAC ) announced an outline concerning the protection and development of‘ethnic minority vil-lages with special characteristics ’ . The develop-ment of such villages is one of the important tasks of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission:this devel-opment aims to foster the conservation of ethnic culture and to accelerate the development of the ethnic areas in which these villages lie. On Sep-tember 23 , 2014 , the State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission announced guanyu minming shoupi zhong-guo shaoshu minzu tese chunzhai de tongzhi ( No-tice on the Naming of the First Group of China ’ s Ethnic Minority Villages with Special Characteris-tics):340 villages in total were inscribed into the list of this so-called ‘First Batch ’ , among which four villages of Sichuan province were included:( i) Jiefang village of Haqu in Leshan, ( ii) Mutuo Village of Maoxian in Aba, ( iii) Shangmo Village of Songfan in Aba, and ( iv) Guza Village of Seda in Ganzi. With the support of the so-called‘Poverty Al-leviation Policy’ , tourism in ethnic minority villa-ges has been booming; however, this has also re-sulted in a new series of related problems that need to be addressed. Tourism development obviously had reduced regional poverty. Since the 1980s, the promotion of economic development through tourism in the ethnic areas ( with a corresponding improvement of people ’ s living conditions ) has been widely accepted by society. Also in the prov-ince of Sichuan the ‘poverty alleviation through tourism’ policy has led to economic growth and has reduced the poverty of the people in the ethnic mi-nority areas. From 2011 to 2014, the SEAC has invested 57. 8 million Yuan in the development of ethnic minority villages in Sichuan province. This has led to the implementation of 73 projects and has benefited around 100,000 people, 7 indige-nous ethnic groups, and 11 prefectures and munic-ipalities in Sichuan. It seems that this‘poverty al-leviation through tourism ’ ( hereafter PATT ) has resulted in good economic and social effects. Ethnic minority villages in Sichuan share sim-ilar challenges: ( i) a low level of production and productivity,economic backwardness, simplistic e-conomic infrastructure, cultural narrow-minded-ness, a low level of education and personal devel-opment, and a fragile condition of local nature and cultural surroundings. Moreover, tourism has since deeply altered previous development models for these regions: this has also brought many new problems, like e. g. how to correctly distribute the newly acquired economic benefits and profits, as well as cultural and environmental protection is-sues. Many of these problems seem to be only tran-sitional;however, these challenges do ask for the necessary tweaks of the PATT policies. This article thus tries to review the model of PATT as imple-mented in the ethnic villages of Sichuan. The arti-cle explores its different stages/aspects:( i) adap-tation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the gov-ernment, ( iii) an evolving profit model for local people, and ( iv ) evolving local talent discovery and activation. The first aspect of PATT is the change of the development goals. At first, the priority is to get rid of poverty through tourism. To initially boost local tourism, the government must make major in-vestments: enhancement of the basic infrastruc-ture, creation of a touristic brand and initial adver-tising for the ethnic villages. However, when the PATT has been effectively implemented, and reached a mature stage of development, i. e. the village has become relatively popular and annual numbers of tourists have reached a stable good lev-el, the goals must be adapted: economic develop-ment should change to sustainable development. The new goals would be a combination of local tourism and local related industries, such as handi-craft products, catering and other hospitality busi-nesses etc. When all of this takes place, the eth-nic villages and areas seem to be able to arrive at a green and sustainable development path. The second stage is the change of the role of government. As said, in the beginning large in-vestments in infrastructure, tourism marketing and publicity are needed. In this start-up stage, the village needs quite a lot of human and material re-sources. Without the financial and human aid of the government, it’ s very hard to change a local ethnic minority village into a tourist destination. Hence, the government should play a supportive role during the initial stages of tourism develop-ment, while taking the local villagers ’ will and ethnic culture into consideration: the government should consult with the villagers and encourage the villagers’ participation in the whole development process. When indeed the PATT reaches a mature phase, the local people can take over. By then the locals have gained much experience;their attitudes and business skills have sufficiently improved so the government can take a step back, leaving the villagers to further develop the villages by them-selves. The third aspect is an ‘evolving profit model for local people ’ . During the initial stages of PATT, it’ s all about developing basic tourism pro-jects: at this moment, the main profit models for businesses rely on ( a) ethnic culture projects with distinct characteristics, ( b ) establishing high quality modes of the tourists route, and ( c) pro-moting the unique name and fame of the villages. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the villagers themselves must further develop and maintain their unique brand and fame. As said, the government takes a step back while local peo-ple are to develop new related sustainable profit models. The fourth issue is the further evolution of‘local talent discovery and activation ’ or‘talent mechanisms’ . Before the initial stages of PATT in Sichuan, the local villagers of the ethnic minorities had been engaged in traditional agriculture for many years;hence it was difficult for them to tran-sition into modern industries such as tourism and hospitality. Moreover, there were very few locals who had any knowledge of this tourism/hospitality industry. E. g. only some elderly people conducted simplistic tour guide practices for tourists: they were unable to provide any in-depth explanations of the traditional ethnic customs and culture due to language barriers. Thus, outsiders ( including gov-ernment staff and tourism professionals ) had to come in and provide advanced concepts, methods, and training. More importantly, a new ‘local tal-ent team’ had to discover and activate local people with tourism talents/abilities. This allowed for a genuine local tourism industry to come into exist-ence and further evolve. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the government should re-turn the economic benefits back to the local people and give them the dominant right to further self-de-velopment. A newly developed professional middle class will then allow the local people to further de-cide on the future of the ethnic villages. After the initial ‘local talent discovery and activation ’ , a more mature ‘talent mechanism ’ should be formed. Led by the best local talents, people from all circles should be encouraged to take part in the further development of the local villages and areas:this allows for greater stability and continuity, while new talents can develop more. This article has analyzed the implementation and adaptation of PATT in the province of Si-chuan, including the ( i) adaptation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the government, ( iii) an evol-ving profit model for local people, and ( iv) evol-ving local talent discovery and activation. Howev-er, the development of ethnic minority villages still seems to face many difficulties and challenges, and need to be studied and discussed more.     

一个青年的5年冤狱

1月13日,匡增武涉嫌抢劫案将二审开庭。6年前,他被以抢劫罪名（首犯）押上法庭,被判处6年有期徒刑。在服刑5年之后,最后却发现,公安机关把发案日期弄错了,发案当天他因故被拘留在拘留所,根本没有作案时间。匡增武恨透了因为跟计生干部发生冲突而导致的那次拘留,6年之后,已经步入而立之年的他却异常感激拘留所的那些日子。因为,如果不是那次拘留,后来他莫名卷进去的抢劫罪名,恐怕一辈子也无法洗脱。     

清点中国少数民族文学五十年

针对特·赛音巴雅尔主编的三部“大史”之一的《中国少数民族当代文学史》,著名文学评论家张炯在代序中对其所具有的越超性作了如下评价：首先,这是一部由多民族学者共同通力合作编写的少数民族文学史,共有十个少数民族的十七位学者参加撰写。这与过去主要由汉族学者写的著作就有不同……其次,这也是论述作家作品最多的一部中国少数民族当代文学史……再次,本书对所论作家的生平和创作历程都有较详细的介绍,对作家的创作成就及其代表作品都有言简意赅比较恰当的评价。翻开淡紫色清雅的封面,我们首先能够了解到中国少数民族文学的五十…     

我国农业政策如何取向:例证美农业法案调整

美国2014年农业法案提高补贴效能,注重因地制宜;调控手段更加市场化,有望避免贸易争端;突出了农业保险作用,注重农业风险管理;强化了中长期农业支持,全面提升农业竞争力;更注重政策公平性,充分体现民生取向。该法案启示我们:政策制定重法治、政策取向市场化、风险管理多层次、支持发展可持续等是农业政策的基本演变趋势。我国应加快农业发展规划和立法,加大农业支持力度,改革农业政策手段,减少对市场扭曲,完善农业保险,强化农业风险管理,调整农业政策目标,促进农业可持续发展。     

高校贫困生勤工助学存在的问题及对策

基于对当前高校贫困生勤工助学现状的分析,指出了其中存在的问题,提出了以人为本,切实加强贫困生勤工助学工作的工作思路,即高校必须高度重视勤工助学工作、切实贯彻弹性学制、强化贫困生勤工助学的基础性工作,同时在宣传导向上,应鼓励、帮助大学生工读自立,且应对受资助大学生予以更人性的关怀。     

“钞”和“抄”词义演变考

现代汉语中,"钞"主要指钱币,而"抄"多表书写、抢掠等动词义。历史上"钞"和"抄"的词义交错纷繁,"钞"由"用以叉取的金属器具"引申出书写、劫掠等动词义;魏晋时"抄"作为"钞"的另一种书写形式出现,至唐宋逐渐替代了"钞"的词义;宋代"钞"成为指代纸币的专有名词。