Boater training, drinking and boating, and other unsafe boating practices

OBJECTIVES: Identify associations between lack of formal boater training, drinking and boating, and other unsafe boating practices. METHODS: A telephone survey queried respondents (age 16 or older in continental United States) about boating experience, type of boat used, and training. RESULTS: Of the 3,042 boaters surveyed (70% response), most had no formal training (73%). Boaters with formal training failed to use PFDs about as often as those without formal training and were equally or more likely to use alcohol while boating. CONCLUSIONS: The unexpected association between formal training and unsafe boating practices is probably due to reduced risk perception and inadequacies of boater training programs. Such programs seldom mention the risks of alcohol use while boating. Decisions to mandate formal training should be informed by these results; if mandated, training should address the risks of alcohol use while boating, and should be renewed frequently enough to offset reductions in risk perception.     

Data-based organizational change: the use of administrative data to improve child welfare programs and policy

Administrative databases hold the potential to have a significant impact on the development of effective child welfare programs and policies. This article discusses the strengths and weaknesses of administrative databases, issues with their implementation and data analysis, and effective presentation of their data at different levels in child welfare organizations.     

The importance of ergonomics to sustainability throughout a building's life cycle

Protecting and conserving environmental resources is a global concern. Over the past decade, a number of certification processes have emerged to help designers and operators of buildings assess the potential impact of a building on the environment. Certifications such as the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) consider the environmental impact through the lifecycle of a building, but may not be considering the people that construct and utilize it. It is important to remember the human factor. Considering the human factor throughout the lifecycle is crucial to ensure individuals are protected during construction and in operation in the built environment. The paper highlights how ergonomics can be integrated into the life cycle of a building to promote sustainability goals for both the human factor and the environment. A case study approach will be used to illustrate how ergonomics was integrated into a LEED renovation and expanded into its daily operations on a large university campus..     

煤炭企业可持续发展水平的人工神经网络评价

本文在对目前煤炭企业可持续发展评价方法进行分析的基础上,提出了基于人工神经网络的煤炭企业可持续发展水平评价模型,并建立了三层BP神经网络评价模型,以实现对煤炭企业可持续发展这一复杂系统的评价。评价结果表明,该方法是可行的。     

Implementation issues for consumer-directed programs: comparing views of policy experts, consumers, and representatives

An increasing number of aging community providers and consumers support consumer-direction (CD) in long-term care services. In regard to devolution, consumer-direction goes beyond the usual approach of shifting responsibilities from the federal government to state governments to bring programs "closer to the people." Consumer-direction goes even further by placing resources directly in the hands of consumers. Yet, many questions remain unanswered regarding how to implement CD personal assistance services in general, and especially for older persons. This article describes the importance of examining views from multiple key stakeholders involved in implementing CD programs. We report on three background studies that have informed the Cash and Counseling Demonstration and Evaluation (CCDE) design and implementation-policy expert interviews as well as surveys and focus groups with consumers and representatives. As a fourth data source, we drew upon experiences in designing the CCDE and initial results from the first year of implementation. Each of the three studies on its own provided essential information for planning the CCDE. However, when we examined the studies together, and added CCDE design and implementation experiences, views expressed by the different stakeholders formed a type of multi-perspective "dialogue" that expanded our knowledge about implementing CD services. We hope this increased knowledge will help expand the availability of such services for consumers of any age who want to direct their own care.     

基于匹配视角的商业模式与战略关系分析

商业模式与企业战略的要领存在很多相近之处,随着商业模式受关注程度的增加,两者之间的关系成了战略管理领域亟需辨析的内容。商业模式与战略之间的有效匹配有助于企业构建持续的竞争优势。商业模式与战略有效匹配的途径有:通过设计商业模式的包容性,提高主动性和增强灵活性和通过超越战略的路径依赖,培育战略柔性和打破战略惯性来促进战略变革与创新。     

论蒙古族文学的大自然及生态主题

在蒙古文学中,崇尚大自然、赞美大自然、珍惜生命、保护生态平衡的作品比比皆是。初步梳理从萨满教祭词、神歌到蒙古族长调民歌,再到蒙古族现当代文学创作中,贯彻始终的蒙古族敬畏大自然、爱护大自然,追求人与大自然和谐共生的生态主题。     

Defining high-performance teams and physician leadership

Learn to define the essential hallmarks of high-performing teams and look at the role of physician management in this team-based environment.