城邦的两重性与雅典社会经济性质的分析

城邦既是一个以公民权为核心的公民集体,也是一个包含奴隶、外邦人、外侨在内的社会。在城邦的这一特性下,作为希腊城邦的典型个案——雅典社会的经济性质则呈现出巨大的复杂性,在公民集体内部,掌握土地的农民对城邦的政治产生了主导性影响,但工商业对民主政治的影响也是客观存在的,这不仅体现在促进了民主政治的建立上,也表现为维护民主政治的稳定上。工商业和农业共同支撑了雅典民主政治的长久存在。     

构建我国食品召回制度的法律思考

近年来,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,食品安全问题日趋成为人们关注的焦点,一系列事件的发生本身再次证明我国食品安全制度和食品召回制度存在严重缺陷。所以,如何构建科学、规范、高效的食品召回制度已是刻不容缓。本文在借鉴国外先进的法律制度和研究成果的基础上,结合我国实际,分析了我国现有的食品安全管理体制和食品召回制度中存在的问题,并对如何构建我国食品召回制度提出了深入的探讨。     

唐代河东承天军史实寻踪——以五份碑志资料为中心

被传世文献忽略的唐代河东承天军的历史踪迹在几份唐朝碑志中留下痕迹,通过碑志与文献的互证,可以发现河东承天军是在唐朝河朔形势发生巨大变化后组建而成,其兵数消长、军职编制以及战略地位的变化,反映着唐政府与河朔藩镇之间的微妙关系.尤其是前后相差十年的唐<承天军城记>与唐<妒神颂>二碑所保存承天军较为完整的武职题名,介于开元兵制向藩镇兵制过渡的关键时期,对考察唐朝基层兵制的变化轨迹有着相当学术价值,值得学界充分重视.     

马克思实践哲学的人本主义内涵及现代效应

马克思对实践概念的理解使马克思的实践哲学不同于传统的西方哲学而具有人本主义的内涵。在马克思那里,实践是建立在感性活动基础上的人的自由自觉的活动,是人类生活的不断拓展和延伸。在这样的思想影响下,以杜威哲学为代表的现代西方哲学也具有明显的实践哲学特征。     

论个人价值理念与国家价值理念的协调发展

个人价值理念和国家价值理念之间存在辩证关系,能否处理好二者的关系,直接影响着和谐社会的建构和发展。要处理好二者的关系,必须采取有力措施保障国家价值理念有效的实施;必须提高国民素质,不断完善国家和社会价值理念,使其规范并彼此和谐,形成合理的个人和社会价值体系。     

论人与自然的和谐伦理关系

自然环境是人类赖以存在的客观基础,人类在改造自然、利用自然的实践中诞生并逐渐完善,人与自然和谐相处是社会不断发展的必然要求。人类运用科技认知理性创造巨大物质财富的同时,却一度忽略了道德价值理性对实践活动的指导作用。可持续发展战略再一次将道德价值理性与科技认知理性充分结合,为人类的可持续发展和进步奠定了坚实的伦理道德基础。党的十七大报告将建设生态文明,保护生态环境,保证人与自然的永续和谐发展作为促进我国经济、社会发展中的一项重要议题。这对可持续发展战略在我国的充分展开以及建设社会主义和谐社会具有重大的理论和现实意义。     

弱势群体的心理困境及消解策略

弱势群体的心理,多呈消极负面等特点。弱势群体具有较为严重的相对剥夺感、较为强烈的受挫情绪,并表现出一定程度的反社会倾向。这无论是对社会的稳定,还是对他们自身的发展都极为不利。弱势群体心理困境的消解,主要通过认知重建策略和合理归因策略来实现。     

“代际”和谐的伦理审视

当代人在充分运用科技认知理性创造物质财富的同时,一定要注重道德价值理性的巨大指导作用。在道德价值理性的指导下,当代人才会正确分析代际闻的关系,才能充分将公平、正义等一系列伦理原则运用到代际间的关系中。只有当代人更加关注后代人的基本权利,将后代人放到与当代人平等的关系中,“代际”和谐才能真正实现。     

新农合对四川藏区的减贫效应分析

The New Rural Cooperative Medi-cal System ( hereafter NRCMS) in Tibetan areas of Sichuan was started in Wenchuan in 2005 , and by 2008 covered all of the province’s Tibetan areas. This paper studies the effects of the NRCMS on im-proving the health of and alleviating poverty for farmers and herdsmen in Tibetan area of Sichuan. Most parts of the Tibetan areas of Sichuan are located in high altitude districts. Thirty two coun-ties of these areas are classified as “National Pov-erty Counties”. Poverty and disease go hand in hand in these regions. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are the major endemics in the pas-toral and agro-pastoral areas of Sichuan. Endemic, infectious and chronic diseases are widespread in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas. More than 70% of pa-tients are workers from 20 to 60 years old. Disea-ses are more prevalent in women than in men. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are cur-rently incurable. Patients suffer from health prob-lems, which leads to a decrease in their income and the heavy burden of medical expenses. The new rural cooperative medical system alleviates the negative effects of farmers’ falling into, or back in-to poverty due to disease. However, the existing medical compensation mechanism is not sufficient to solve the problem. The greatest impact of NRCMS on the farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas is that the system has gradually changed local people’s medi-cal behavior, as well as their underlying ideas a-bout medicine: they begin to believe in hospitals. In particular, more pregnant women are choosing to give birth in hospitals, which reduces the rate of infant mortality and postpartum diseases, and im-proves the health of women. Since the full coverage of the NRCMS in 2008 , the number of people participating in the system has reached the overall average level of Si-chuan province. By analyzing the data before and after the implementation of this system, and meas-uring the impact of the system on people’s health, it can be found that the NRCMS’s role in serving the vulnerable population, such as the elderly and infant children, is more marked. Since the implementation of the NRCMS, all administrative villages in Sichuan Tibetan areas have established village clinics, which solved the problem of a shortage of medicines and doctors in those areas. Farmers and herdsmen have conven-ient access to medical treatment, enhancing the ac-cessibility of medical service. After the implemen-tation of the NRCMS, the health of the elderly population in rural areas has improved. Infant mor-tality rates have dramatically fallen. The implementation of the NRCMS improved the medical service capacity of township hospitals and village clinics. And the NRCMS has brought the township hospitals and village clinics into its scope of compensation, which greatly promotes the utilization of primary medical services in Tibetan areas. The poverty reduction effect of the NRCMS can be analyzed from two aspects:Firstly, the im-
provement in health leads to increased income, be-cause good health can promote labor productivity. Meanwhile, the increase in income will in turn im-prove the overall level of health. Secondly, the in-patient and outpatient compensation rate is raised year by year, which reduces the medical fees of farmers, and prevents them from falling back into poverty.     

论跨国垄断并购的控制模式及法律基点

随着跨国公司近年来掀起对我跨国并购的高潮,其已对我经济产生了深刻的影响,分析、借鉴发达国家垄断并购控制模式是规制跨国并购的基点.所以,通过对美国、德国垄断并购控制模式的研究,目的是既要本着有利于我国政府将跨国并购纳入经济发展的正常轨道,达到吸引外资和保护国内有效竞争的双重目的,又要遏制其负汉面影响,建立一个与国际接轨体现公平和效率并重的跨国并购机制,从而维护我国有效的市场结构,提高我国企业的国际竞争力,促进国民经济的健康发展.