Management competencies required in ambulatory care settings

A study was conducted to identify the most important competencies physician executives in medical groups and other ambulatory settings will need to have in the next five years. The specific job skills, knowledge, and abilities (SKA) that physician executives will need to acquire these competencies were also explored. The Delphi techniques were used to analyze responses from two surveys from members of the American College of Medical Practice Executives. The most important competencies were grouped into 13 management domains, each with specific SKAs. "Managing health care resources to create quality and value" and "fundamentals of business and finance" were rated as the most important competencies. The most frequently rated SKA was the "ability to build and maintain credibility and trust."     

叙事与诗性的历史

《元史学》是西方人文科学中那个“结构主义”时代的著作，要是今天的话，我就不会这么写了。尽管如此，我还是认为本书对于更具综合性的历史著述理论有所贡献，因为它认认真真地考虑了历史编纂作为一种书面话语的地位，以及作为一门学科的状况。随着十九世纪历史学的科学化，历史编纂中大多数常用的方法假定，史学研究已经消解了它们与修辞性和文学性作品之间千余年来的联系。但是，就历史写作继续把基于日常经验的言说和写作当作首选媒介来传达人们发现的过去而论，它仍然保留了修辞和文学的色彩。只要史学家继续使用基于日常经验的言说和写作，他们对于过     

基于价值链的中国企业社会责任对财务价值的影响

为了支持企业持续地将履行社会责任作为一种长期的战略,探讨企业社会责任与业务相结合对财务绩效的影响以及如何选择既造福社会又有利于商业的社会责任项目.基于价值链视角,采用利益相关者理论和归因理论,用实证方法,选择中国公司社会责任披露的数据,采用因子分析法划分企业社会责任活动,采用面板数据回归分析每种社会责任活动及其交互作用对企业财务绩效的影响.研究结果表明,把社会责任活动分为与价值链基本活动相关的社会责任、与价值链支持活动相关的社会责任和一般性社会责任(与价值链活动无关),与价值链基本活动相关的社会责任和与价值链支持活动相关的社会责任对财务绩效有积极影响,与价值链活动无关的一般性社会责任对财务绩效有消极影响,他们的交互作用对财务绩效也有方向不同的显著影响,即基本活动与支持活动的交互作用对财务绩效有积极影响,基本活动与一般性活动的交互作用对财务绩效有积极影响,而支持活动与一般性活动的交互作用对财务绩效有消极影响.研究结果对企业将履行社会责任与价值创造相结合、实现社会效益和经济效益双赢提供具体的参考.     

Metropolitan influences on migration into poor and nonpoor neighborhoods

Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and three decennial US censuses are used to examine the influence of metropolitan-area characteristics on black and white households’ propensity to move into poor versus nonpoor neighborhoods. We find that a nontrivial portion of the variance in the odds of moving to a poor rather to a nonpoor neighborhood exists between metropolitan areas. Net of established individual-level predictors of inter-neighborhood migration, black and white households are more likely to move to a poor or extremely poor tract rather than to a nonpoor tract in metropolitan areas containing many poor neighborhoods and a paucity of recently-built housing in nonpoor areas. Blacks are especially likely to move to a poor tract in metropolitan areas characterized by high levels of racial residential segregation and in which poor tracts have a sizeable concentration of blacks. White households are more likely to move to a poor than to a nonpoor tract in metropolitan areas that have comparatively few African Americans.     

突厥语言的分类

依据不同的分类基础,可以对突厥语言进行不同的分类.首先,可以依据地理和地区来分.这种分类法,只能将邻近区域里的语言作一个统计,比如:高加索地区的突厥语,南西伯利亚地区的突厥语等等.有许多例子可以证明,这种分类原则是能够接受的.同时,从语言学的观点来看,在一个大的语组里,紧密相邻的区域里的语言比起该语组里在距离上相隔较远的那些语言,在关系上虽然不能说都是相近的,但经常是关系比较近的语言.第二,在历史的基础上对突厥语言进行分类.诸如分为古代突厥语、中古突厥语和现     

中小企业服务体系建设与信息咨询业发展──常州市中小企业问卷调查

苏南的中小企业在市场竞争的压力下,已经从数量扩张向体制改革、结构调整、技术创新和布局集中转变,但经营状况不容乐观。培育中小企业社会化服务体系,加强与完善中小企业立法,改善中小企业的融资环境,帮助中小企业充分利用信息咨询系统进行决策和管理,对中小企业的持续稳定发展具有重要意义。     

从谨慎友善走向全面对抗--40年代中后期中共对美政策的转变

从抗战后期的谨慎友善到朝鲜战争时的全面对抗,中共对美国的政策仅仅在5年的时间里就发生了彻底转变。由于美国始终坚持以“扶蒋”为核心的对华政策,且不断扩大自己的在华特权,这就不可避免地与中共的核心利益与意识形态发生摩擦。在日本尚未投降之际,中共由于自身实力的相对有限、苏联对国民党地位的承认以及日本侵华军的存在,其政治目标相对有限,与美国的分歧并不严重。日本投降后,中共与美国之间的矛盾越来越尖锐,最终走向对抗。     

To test or not to test: do workplace drug testing programs discourage employee drug use?

Workplace drug testing programs are often met with intense criticism. Despite resistance among labor and consumer groups and a lack of rigorous empirical evidence regarding effectiveness, drug testing programs have remained popular with employers throughout the 1990s and into the current century. The present study analyzed nationally representative data on over 15,000 US households to determine whether various types of workplace drug testing programs influenced the probability of drug use by workers. The study estimated several empirical specifications using both univariate and bivariate probit techniques. The specification tests favored the bivariate probit model over the univariate probit model. Estimated marginal effects of drug testing on any drug use were negative, significant, and relatively large, indicating that drug testing programs are achieving one of the desired effects. The results were similar when any drug use was replaced with chronic drug use in the models. These results have important policy implications regarding the effectiveness and economic viability of workplace anti-drug programs.     

篇章、语篇、信息——系统功能语言学视角

"篇章"和"语篇"指的是同一种事物,只是看问题的角度不同。语篇分析就是把篇章跟语言的系统联系起来。作者认为,语篇有各种变体,语码变体跟语域、语类无关。文学语言的特殊性源于语法隐喻。从事语篇分析的学者都是从自己特定的角度出发的,如,批评话语分析、积极话语分析。很多意义是不能量化的,我们不仅要重视概念意义,也要重视人际意义。作者还论证了计算机对语篇分析、机器翻译的作用。