Optimal stock option schemes for managers

This paper analyzes which stock option scheme best aligns the interests of a firm’s manager and shareholders when both are risk-averse. We consider granting to the manager a basic fixed salary and one of the following four options: European, Parisian, Asian and American options. Choosing the strike of the options optimally, the shareholders can mostly implement a first best solution with all payoff schemes. The American option scheme best aligns the interests of the manager and the shareholders in the most common case in which the strike price equals the grant-date fair market value.     

科技政策评估的方法论体系及相关性研究

科技政策评估方法是科技政策评估的操作环节,合理而科学的方法论体系可以体现出政策的价值导向,本论文试图建构一个科技政策评估的方法论体系。同时,相关性问题是科技政策评估中普遍忽视的一个重要学术问题,本文详细阐述了相关性的内在本质,并分析由相关性所导致的政策评估问题。     

对汉乐府"感于哀乐,缘事而发"的新阐释

根据《乐府诗集》的统计数据 ,汉乐府诗歌中本事和作品共同流传下来的占其总数的 44 %以上 ,班固“感于哀乐 ,缘事而发”的评价确是至评。汉乐府作者的创作动机以自我抒情为主 ,少数为了满足社会需要 ,其传播方式呈现出文事结合的特点 ,有的甚至“文依事存” ,诗文不具备独立传播的资格。分别从创作和传播的角度来看 ,对“感于哀乐 ,缘事而发”的古评可以赋予新的含义。     

"新全球化时代"资本主义文明的矛盾与趋势

在"新全球化时代",资本主义文明的矛盾进一步扩展与深化,即由单一性矛盾和危机向综合性矛盾和危机发展,社会主体自身的"文明矛盾"更加凸现,由民族-国家范围的矛盾转化为全球性的矛盾,由损害当下文明的矛盾向危及人类文明根基的"生态文明危机"演进,而这一切又引起文明发展规律的重大变化,开拓着向更高类型文明即社会主义和共产主义文明转型的广阔道路.     

“科教兴村”与农村现代化建设

"科教兴村"是率先实现农业现代化的重要手段科教兴村计划的实施,对增加农产品科技含量、提高农业科技贡献份额、促进"高产、优质、高效"农业的发展、加快传统农业向现代农业转变等具有重要意义.农民素质直接影响到农业科技成果的消化吸收,"科教兴村"的关键是提高农民素质.现代农业是科技型农业,农民增收依托于农业科技的创新推广,农业科技推广是"科教兴村"的重点.科学制定实施方案与必要的物质资金支持是"科教兴村"的保障.     

吴佩孚晚年寓居四川始末

192 7年吴佩孚在北伐军的沉重打击下兵败入川 ,企图凭借与四川军人旧时的从属关系和蜀地天险重聚力量东山再起 ,他在四川几度挂起“孚威上将军”、“讨贼联军总部”等旗帜 ,成立“大帅部” ,准备逐鹿中原 ,组织新政府。但南京国民政府蒋介石集团对吴佩孚在四川的举动密切关注 ,除下令通缉讨伐外 ,还策动四川驱吴 ,这就使得四川军人分裂为两大阵营 ,并连续发生了三次较大战乱 ,给四川政局带来了影响。吴佩孚最终因其支持力量战败出山计划落空 ,于 1931年离开四川     

“研究”与研究生教育

对“研究”的含义作了剖析,论述了研究客体的特征,研究生知识学习与研究之间的关系以及研究与创新的关系等．     

新型城镇化建设的伦理指向探究

随着农村城镇化发展速度的加快,城镇化发展的质量问题备受关注,走新型城镇化之路是必然的选择。新型城镇化内蕴着生态的、公正的、幸福的伦理精神,这些潜在的伦理精神需要进一步地挖掘与运用,使之贯穿于城镇化建设过程的始终,为城镇化建设实现又好又快地发展提供价值导向。     

Online coupon consumption problem

Nowadays, it is popular that the dealer makes profits by selling a kind of discount coupons, which can be used as money to purchase commodities with total cost less than or equal to the face value of the coupon. We can purchase a coupon at a price of 0<s≤1 times its face value and the number of potential purchasable coupons is a given integer l. The customer has the option to buy the goods by cash completely or by a discount coupon. However, each piece of goods can only use one coupon and the coupon used must have enough balance for the goods. The objective is to minimize the total cost for purchasing all the goods. In this paper, we reduce the problem to a special bin packing model. We consider the online problems for all 0<s≤1 and 1≤l≤∞. We present optimal online algorithms for all 0<s≤1 when l=∞ and l=1. For 2≤l<∞, we give both a lower bound and an algorithm, and show the algorithm is optimal for l=2. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Combinatorics, Algorithms, Probabilistic and Experimental Methodologies, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Y. Jiang supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Y605316). Z. Tan supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (10671177, 60021201).     

执政有效性理论的梳理和分析

政治有效性是从西方政治学引入的一个概念.本文通过对政治有效性的内涵、危机与合法性的关系等理论进行相应的梳理、分析,试图引起学界对这一问题的进一步关注.