A multivariate regression model for continuous genetic traits

Summary.  In many commonly used models for multivariate traits, the likelihood is specified as a mixture of nested sums of products over the unobserved genotypes of all the family members, in which the familial covariance matrices vary in size and structure for different families, and their sizes can be immense for large family units. These issues pose computational difficulties in many applications. Bonney's compound regressive model for univariate traits simplifies the familial covariance structure and reduces the mixture of nested sums only to the parent–offspring level, thus enhancing computation significantly. This model has been extended to the multivariate case in the absence of unobserved genotypes. Here, we further extend this model to incorporate major genes, covariates and multiple loci. As is typical in practice, this causes new computational difficulties. We study the computational issues and explore the behaviour of this extended model.     

频度副词在第二语言教学中的应用分析

在汉语作为第二语言教学实践当中,频度副词是语法教学中的一个难点。本文拟从以下几方面进行探讨:频度副词单独成类的必要性;频度副词的内部分类及语义分析;非母语学生在汉语习得过程中的频度副词偏误分析。     

数字化B超中的频率补偿滤波

超声在组织中的传播会随着频率和深度的不同产生不同的衰减。该文在建立超声回波信号的数学模型基础上设计了一种补偿频率衰减的滤波器,有效补偿了超声信号在传播过程中由于频率升高、深度增加而变大的吸收衰减。并且将频域运算移植到时域进行,从而避免了大计算量的时频变换。同时融入动态滤波技术,根据不同深度选择了不同的通带范围,有效地保证了信号的信噪比。     

Compound adaptive GPU design for clinical trials

In clinical trials, several competing treatments are often carried out in the same trial period. The goal is to assess the performances of these different treatments according to some optimality criterion and minimize risks to the patients in the entire process of the study. For this, each coming patient is allocated sequentially to one of the treatments according to a mechanism defined by the optimality criterion. In practice, sometimes different optimality criteria, or the same criterion with different regimes, need to be considered to assess the treatments in the same study, so that each mechanism is also evaluated through the trail study. In this case, the question is how to allocate the treatments to the incoming patients so that the criteria/mechanisms of interest are assessed during the trail process, and the overall performance of the trial is optimized under the combined criteria or regimes. In this paper, we consider this problem by investigating a compound adaptive generalized Pólya urn design. Basic asymptotic properties of this design are also studied.     

浅谈我国《商标法》的再完善

本文就《商标法》在实施过程中，由于制度的不完善导致其不能充分发挥其应有的职能，从防止商标枪注、拓宽商标专用权的保护范围和处理馒权行为三个方面探讨如何从制度上对《商标法》加以修改和完善，保证其在市场经济发展过程中更好地为企业发展保驾护航。     

赞助性流动与素质教育

目前在我国学校教育中有很多背离素质教育的现象。产生这些现象的主要原因是素质教育在许多方面与赞助性流动不一致 ,但又迫于这一规范对教育制度所释放出的恒常的张力 ,教育制度不得不作出某些让步 ,而导致素质教育不能真正、彻底地实施。要解决这一问题 ,应转变人们的思想观念 ,改革社会的用人标准以及改革我国现行的高考制度等。     

非洲菊的组培快繁技术研究

以非洲菊切花和盆花花托为外植体进行组织培养快繁 ,诱导培养基为 1/ 2MS BA 7.5mg·L- 1(单位下同 ) IAA 1.5和 1/ 2MS BA 6 IAA 1.0 ,继代增殖以MS 0 .5和MS BA 0 .5 PP3330 .2交替培养为宜 ,生根培养以 1/ 2MS NAA 0 .3效果最佳。同时 ,研究了降低生产成本等具体问题     

政策工具、产权残缺与国企改革

国企低效率的根本原因与其说是所有者缺位,不如说是国有产权残缺,也就是国有财产的收益权与控制权严重地不对称甚或分离。而造成国有产权残缺的主要原因是,国企作为国家的政策工具而背离了利润最大化的目标。但是,由国企的国有产权性质决定,国企只能作为国家的政策工具。因此,国企改革的实质是国企的功能再定位,而国企改革的过程则是其产业布局的调整。被人们所忽视的问题是,要不要以及如何把竞争性领域中的国企改造成够格的因而是有市场竞争力的公有制企业。     

Information,ancillarity, and sufficiency in the presence of nuisance parameters

The Fisher information about parameters of interest (P-information) is invariant with respect to nuisance parameters, and induces an information inequality associated with likelihood factorization. This information inequality provides a natural basis for measuring information loss due to using only a sublikelihood function for inference. In contrast with the global reparametrization of some previous concepts in the literature, the concepts of P-ancillarity and P-sufficiency proposed in this article are characterized by the notion of no pointwise information loss with respect to the parameters of interest. A conditional version of P-sufficiency is also proposed. The asymptotic efficiency of likelihood inference under P-ancillarity or P-sufficiency is outlined.