二元经济社会结构与中国农村发展

中华人民和国成立以后,国家选择了重工业超前发展战略。为保证这一战略实施,国家采取了农产品统购统销、城乡分割的户籍制度和人民公社制度等政策和体制手段,人为地促成了城乡经济社会二元化的格局。二元经济社会结构阻碍了农业的发展,影响了农业劳动生产率的提高,使农民收入长期在低水平徘徊,妨碍了农民整体素质的提高。二元经济社会结构下农民承担了巨额的工农业产品价格剪刀差负担、不公正的税费负担和公共物品负担。这一切都导致了中国农村发展的滞后。中共十六届五中全会提出了建设社会主义新农村的重大历史任务,十七大进一步强调推进社会主义新农村建设。在社会主义新农村建设过程中,消除二元结构,统筹城乡发展,是科学发展共建和谐之必然。     

材料科学与工程专业应用型人才培养的思考

论述了应用型材料科学与工程专业建设的指导思想,分析说明了应用型材料专业人才培养规格的基本要求和培养体系的构建模式。指出应用型材料专业建设首先应该是应用型工程教育,并要注重通识教育、创业创新教育、材料工程伦理教育和产学研合作教育等。     

商业信用原则在我国商法中的缺失及补正

商业信用原则是商法的核心原则之一。目前我国商法中把商业信用原则与普通法中的诚实信用原则混为一谈,这不仅是错位,而且还"串味"。在现代市场经济条件下的信用制度主要是商业信用和银行信用。它们都是制度性的安排,不单是道德伦理性的软约束。     

试论甘肃旅游产业组织的发展

甘肃省旅游产业正经历由量的发展到质的跨越的重要时期。文章就甘肃省旅游产业组织的发展进行了探讨,分析了甘肃旅游产业组织发展的现状、所面临的问题及问题成因,并就此提出了相应的发展措施。     

析网络对大学生思想行为负面影响的原因及对策

网络给大学生思想行为带来了负面影响 ,从大学生自身身心发展特点和网络本身的影响力及社会大环境三方面探究其影响原因 ,并针对性地提出了一些对策思考 ,引导大学生更好地适应网络时代。     

西部地区农村居民消费行为分析

西部地区农村居民无论在消费总量上,还是在消费结构上都低于东部地区,本文分析了西部地区农村居民的消费现状以及影响消费的主要原因,提出了促进西部地区农村居民消费的对策。     

When Do First-Year College Students Drink Most During the Academic Year? An Internet-Based Study of Daily and Weekly Drinking

Abstract

Objective: The authors investigated the alcohol consumption trajectories among first-year university students. Participants: A sample of 415 students attending a large university in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, was recruited. Methods: Students completed a baseline questionnaire and 26 weekly brief Internet surveys assessing alcohol consumption from September 2006 to April 2007. Results: Findings indicated that alcohol consumption varies considerably as a function of time of the academic year. Overall trends indicate that students drink more heavily at the beginning of each semester and less during exam periods. Daily patterns indicate that most drinking occurs on weekends. The highest drinking days in the first academic year included Halloween, New Year's Eve, and St. Patrick's Day. Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that periods of high and low alcohol consumption are contingent upon specific events and the time of the year.     

Development and Initial Validation of the Symptoms and Assets Screening Scale

Abstract

Objective: To develop and test a screening measure of mental health symptoms and well-being in college students, the Symptoms and Assets Screening Scale (SASS). Participants: Participants were 758 college students at 2 universities in the Northwest sampled between October 2009 and April 2011. Methods: Participants completed the SASS, as well as measures of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, substance problems, and eating problems in 1 session. A subset of participants (n = 259) completed the SASS 1 to 2 weeks later to allow an examination of test–retest stability. Results: The SASS demonstrated good reliability and validity and appears to assess similar constructs as well-established measures in college students. Fifty-nine percent of the sample reported having problems with their thoughts, behaviors, or emotions, whereas only 9.7% reported currently receiving treatment. Conclusions: The SASS is a brief instrument that has the potential to effectively screen for the most prevalent mental health problems in college students.     

Elder Abuse Detection and Intervention: A Collaborative Approach by B. Brandl,C. B. Dyer,C. J. Heisler,M. J. Otto,L. A. Stiegel,and R. W. Thomas

Mediation has recently been developed in America to help seniors deal with their disputes. Some Long Term Care Ombudsmen and their volunteers have also been trained in mediation for use in institutional conflicts. This paper suggests that elder mediation, through its voluntary, non-coercive process, has the potential for enhancing elder rights, providing an acceptable form of minimal social intervention, and contributing to the prevention of elder abuse at early stages of relational conflicts between elders and their carers.