蒙古文学与成吉思汗

成吉思汗(1162-1227)是蒙古族历史上的伟大人物———政治家、军事家。同时他也是蒙古文学史上的特殊人物形象———永生不朽的传统人物形象。从文学史研究角度看,可以说成吉思汗形象是蒙古文学史上的一种文学现象。蒙古文学史上的成吉思汗从原型性艺术形象发展成为神化的成吉思汗形象和理想化的成吉思汗形象。成吉思汗形象植根于蒙古民族的成吉思汗崇拜文化,形成于蒙古人的成吉思汗崇拜心理,并具有时代性。     

论蒙古族科尔沁文化

科尔沁文化是指蒙古族科尔沁地区的区域文化。“科尔沁”既是蒙古族古老部族的概念,又是地域地理概念。科尔沁文化作为蒙古族文化的重要组成部分和草原文化多元一体中的一个重要区系,有着自己独特的风韵,这主要取决于科尔沁的独特自然环境和地理位置。科尔沁文化内涵丰富,里面蕴含着“崇尚英雄”、“辅佐社稷”、“追求发展”、“热爱故乡”、“保护生态”、“坚忍不拔”等人文思想。特别是科尔沁文化所折射出的“坚毅、包容、创新、进取“的人文精神,为我们今天建设先进文化提供了坚实的基础,其优良传统应当很好地继承,并在新的实践基础上不断创新,为科尔沁地区的经济建设和社会全面进步提供智力支持。     

Effects of human-related disturbance on breeding success of urban and non-urban blue tits (<Emphasis Type=Italic>Cyanistes caeruleus</Emphasis>)

There is a need to study the effects of urbanization on wildlife in order to understand the ecological implications of increasing urbanization and find out how to reduce its threats to biodiversity. The blue tit evolved as a forest species and prefers deciduous and mixed forests, whereas its nesting in urban habitats is a more recent phenomenon. Our long-term study of blue tit populations has been conducted in two habitats: an urban parkland (frequently visited by people) and a deciduous forest outside of the city. Using linear mixed modeling, we revealed that a relationship of blue tit breeding success (and the number of fledglings) with thermal conditions in May differed between the urban parkland and the forest. While the relationship was positive in the forest, it was negative in the parkland. In addition, breeding success in the parkland increased with increasing number of rainy days in May. We argue that the main possible reason for such patterns is human activity in the parkland, which interferes with tit parental care, especially the regular feeding of nestlings, whereas it is evidently associated with weather conditions. Human disturbance in the forest is likely to be negligible.     

领导艺术的典范——刘少奇与苏北根据地的创建和巩固

1938年刘少奇被任命为中共中央中原局书记,此后,在开创华中新局面的过程中,刘少奇通过巩固皖东根据地,推动八路军南下和江南新四军北上,在黄桥沉重打击了韩德勤顽固派势力,最终开辟了苏北根据地,并通过各种有效措施巩固了苏北根据地。在苏北根据地的开创和发展巩固过程中,刘少奇表现了其杰出的领导才能,发挥了重要作用。     

关系绩效考核对员工知识共享行为影响的实证研究

基于社会交换理论、动机理论以及心理契约理论,通过结构方程分析探讨关系绩效考核如何影响员工知识共享行为。研究发现,规则服从、集体情感与责任2类动机在关系绩效考核(职务奉献)影响员工知识共享行为过程中发挥部分中介作用;人际促进维度对员工知识共享行为没有显著影响;工作控制点没有显著调节关系绩效考核、知识共享动机和知识共享行为之间的关系。     

生态文明观的源起与发展

学习实践科学发展观要求我们在坚持发展时统筹人与自然的和谐关系,党的十七大又明确提出要建设生态文明,但由于我国仍处在工业化的经济发展阶段,无论是人们的价值理念还是经济发展模式,离生态文明发展要求都有一定的距离,现有的生产和消费方式对生态环境依然构成了较大压力。生态文明的实现需要理论的深入研究和实践的不断探索,本期特刊登三篇关于生态文明建设路径的探索文章,分别从价值理念、政府职责和产业调整的角度探讨了生态文明的建设路径问题,以期推动对生态文明内涵和建设实践的理解认识和深入探讨。     

Cognitive Deficits in Executive Functions and Decision-Making Impairments Cluster Gambling Disorder Sub-types

To identify Gambling Disorder (GD) subtypes, in a population of men seeking treatment for GD, according to specific executive function domains (i.e., cognitive flexibility, inhibition and working memory as well as decision making) which are usually impaired in addictive behaviors. A total of 145 males ranging from 18 to 65 years diagnosed with GD were included in this study. All participants completed: (a) a set of questionnaires to assess psychopathological symptoms, personality and impulsivity traits, and (b) a battery of neuropsychological measures to test different executive functioning domains. Two clusters were identified based on the individual performance on the neuropsychological assessment. Cluster 1 [n = 106; labeled as Low Impaired Executive Function (LIEF)] was composed by patients with poor results in the neuropsychological assessment; cluster 2 patients [n = 46; labeled as High Impaired Executive Function (HIEF)] presented significantly higher deficits on the assessed domains and performed worse than the ones of LIEF cluster. Regarding the characterization of these two clusters, patients in cluster 2 were significantly older, unemployed and registered higher mean age of GD onset than patients in cluster 1. Additionally, patients in cluster 2 also obtained higher psychopathological symptoms, impulsivity (in both positive and negative urgency as well as sensation seeking) and some specific personality traits (higher harm avoidance as well as lower self-directedness and cooperativeness) than patients in cluster 1. The results of this study describe two different GD subtypes based on different cognitive domains (i.e., executive function performance). These two GD subtypes display different impulsivity and personality traits as well as clinical symptoms. The results provide new insight into the etiology and characterization of GD and have the potential to help improving current treatments.     

Exploring the Relationship between Reward and Punishment Sensitivity and Gambling Disorder in a Clinical Sample: A Path Modeling Analysis

Most individuals will gamble during their lifetime, yet only a select few will develop gambling disorder. Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory holds promise for providing insight into gambling disorder etiology and symptomatology as it ascertains that neurobiological differences in reward and punishment sensitivity play a crucial role in determining an individual’s affect and motives. The aim of the study was to assess a mediational pathway, which included patients’ sex, personality traits, reward and punishment sensitivity, and gambling-severity variables. The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire, the South Oaks Gambling Screen, the Symptom Checklist-Revised, and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised were administered to a sample of gambling disorder outpatients (N = 831), diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria, attending a specialized outpatient unit. Sociodemographic variables were also recorded. A structural equation model found that both reward and punishment sensitivity were positively and directly associated with increased gambling severity, sociodemographic variables, and certain personality traits while also revealing a complex mediational role for these dimensions. To this end, our findings suggest that the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire could be a useful tool for gaining a better understanding of different gambling disorder phenotypes and developing tailored interventions.