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41.
This paper provides an analysis of the Minimal Overlap Rule, a solution for bankruptcy problems introduced by O’Neill (1982). We point out that this rule can be understood as a composition
of Ibn Ezra’s proposal and the recommendation given by the Constrained Equal Loss Rule. Following an interpretation of bankruptcy problems in terms of TU games, we show that the Minimal Overlap Value is the unique solution for bankruptcy games which satisfies Anonymity and Core Transition Responsiveness. 相似文献
42.
43.
Theory and Society - 相似文献
44.
Pablo Martínez-Camblor Jacobo de Uña-Álvarez Carmen Díaz Corte 《Journal of applied statistics》2015,42(12):2539-2553
Multi-state models (MSMs) are useful to analyze survival data when, besides the event of main interest, one or more intermediate states of the individual are identified. These models take the several existing states and the possible transitions among them into account. At the same time, covariate effects on each transition intensity may be investigated separately and, therefore, MSMs are more flexible than the standard Cox proportional hazards model. In this work, we use MSMs to investigate the impact of the quality of a transplanted kidney for a group of patients at the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Specifically, we use an illness-death model to study the evolution of patients with kidney disease who received a renal transplant after a dialysis period. The intermediate state is defined as the failure of the received organ, while the terminating state is the death of the patient. In order to increase the potential number of organs available for transplant, the standards of quality for the transplanted kidneys were relaxed (the new criteria are labeled expanded criteria), and these ‘expanded kidneys’ were transplanted in appropriate candidates (older patients, with higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus). Results suggest that the expanded kidneys have a minor effect on survival, while both the kidney mortality and the risk of death increase with the patient's age and the serum creatinine and serum hemoglobin levels. 相似文献
45.
Gómez-Costilla Patricia García-Prieto Carmen Somarriba-Arechavala Noelia 《Social indicators research》2022,160(2-3):1051-1069
Social Indicators Research - The European population is aging and their declining capacity makes older Europeans more dependent on the availability of care. Male and female health needs at older... 相似文献
46.
H. Luke Shaefer Xiaoqing Song Trina R. Williams Shanks 《Review of Economics of the Household》2013,11(4):659-680
The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is a refundable credit for low-income workers mainly targeted at families with children. This study uses the Survey of Income and Program Participation’s topical modules on Assets and Liabilities to examine associations between the EITC expansions during the early 1990s and the unsecured debt of the households of single mothers. We use two difference-in-differences comparisons over the study period 1988–1999, first comparing single mothers to single childless women, and then comparing single mothers with two or more children to single mothers with exactly one child. In both cases we find that the EITC expansions are associated with a relative decline in the unsecured debt of affected households of single mothers. While not direct evidence of a causal relationship, this is suggestive evidence that single mothers may have used part of their EITC to limit the growth of their unsecured debt during this period. 相似文献
47.
On the adjudication of conflicting claims: an experimental study 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This paper reports an experimental study on three well-known solutions for problems of adjudicating conflicting claims: the
constrained equal awards, the proportional, and the constrained equal losses rules. We first let subjects play three games
designed such that the unique equilibrium allocation coincides with the recommendation of one of these three rules. In addition,
we let subjects play an additional game that has the property that all (and only) strategy profiles in which players coordinate
on the same rule constitute a strict Nash equilibrium. While in the first three games subjects’ play easily converges to the
unique equilibrium rule, in the last game the proportional rule overwhelmingly prevails as a coordination device, especially
when we frame the game as an hypothetical bankruptcy situation. We also administered a questionnaire to a different group
of students, asking them to act as impartial arbitrators to solve (among others) the same problems played in the lab. Also
in this case, respondents were sensitive to the framing of the questions, but the proportional rule was selected by the vast
majority of respondents. 相似文献
48.
H. Ann Finlinson Rafaela R. Robles Hector M. Colón Mayra Soto Lopez Maria del Carmen Negrdn Denise Oliver‐Vélez 《Journal of sex research》2013,50(3):277-285
This study integrates the results of quantitative and qualitative methods to elucidate the association between sexual identity and physical and sexual abuse among Puerto Rican drug users. A structured questionnaire was administered to 800 subjects in New York and 399 in Puerto Rico. A total of 93 subjects (7.9%) self‐identified as homosexual or bisexual. Gay males were significantly more likely than heterosexual males to report first occurrence of physical abuse by a family member in childhood. Both gay and bisexual males were more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to report first experiencing unwanted sex in childhood and intimate partner physical abuse later in life. Lesbians were more likely than female heterosexuals to report unwanted sex in childhood. Qualitative data were collected through in‐depth life histories with 21 subjects and suggest that gay and lesbian subjects perceive antihomosexual prejudice on the part of family members as one cause of childhood physical and sexual abuse. 相似文献
49.
Drawing on data from six communities in Kansas and Iowa, we explore the factors that are related to community members' current levels of overall support for local ethanol plants. What are residents' opinions about the benefits and drawbacks of local ownership of ethanol plants? How does that awareness lead to overall support of plants? Our interest is to understand how perceptions of the negative effects of the plant on the local infrastructure and environment and positive effects on the local economy influence the relationship between local versus absentee ownership and people's overall support of the plant. We use chi‐square to test whether respondents' overall support is associated with the ownership of the plant (local versus absentee), and cumulative logit mixed‐effects models to explore the factors that explain the association between ownership and overall support. Findings suggest that community members are less likely to show high support for locally owned plants, and that the greater perceived negative effects of locally owned plants on the local infrastructure and environment helps explain residents' lower support of locally owned ethanol plants in their communities. We posit several explanations for why this might be the case. 相似文献
50.