Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Categories of Physical Activities with Dimensions of Subjective Well-Being in Taiwanese Older Adults

Physical activity takes place in different social contexts such as leisure, home, and work. However, the differential associations of these distinct categories of activity with aspects of well-being have rarely been investigated. This study was designed to estimate independent associations of (a) leisure-time, (b) domestic and (c) work-related physical activities with subjective well-being in older adults. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2009 with 2,295 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or older in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Among them, 307 participants were selected for a 3-year follow-up study in 2012. The results based on cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses demonstrated that leisure-time physical activity, after multivariate adjustment, was positively associated with five dimensions of well-being, including ‘physical’, ‘psychological’, ‘independence’, ‘learning and growth’, and ‘social’ well-being. Household physical activity was positively associated only with ‘social’ well-being. Occupational physical activity was not related to any dimension of well-being. The study suggests that associations between physical activity and dimensions of subjective well-being during later life are dependent on the social context in which the activity takes place. This study indicates that physical activity taken as leisure has greatest potential to enhance the quality of life of older adults.     

基于任务驱动模式的模拟导游课程教学

任务驱动教学模式能引导学生围绕任务进行探索学习,学生在完成任务的过程中掌握知识、培养能力、训练创新思维方面效果明显,符合模拟导游课程特点.探讨了任务驱动教学模式在模拟导游教学中的实践前提、具体措施及实践意义.     

“Organizing Creativity: Enabling Creative Output,Process, and Organizing Practices”

How individuals can exercise creativity in collectivities is unclear. We thus need to more thoroughly investigate the ‘black box’ of organizational creativity. Future research should consider creativity in a variety of organizations, rather than just those that are known for creative outputs or practices. In addition, we need to examine what I call everyday, relational, and proto‐institutional forms of organizational creativity. Intra‐ and inter‐organizational aspects can enhance or depress such organizational creativity: (1) within the organization’s boundary: internal interactions among organizational members and (2) outside the organization’s boundary: the surrounding organizational environment or field, which include competing or supporting organizations, other organizational actors, and the state. These two aspects pose dilemmas about how to organize that can constrain or enhance organizational creativity. In addressing these dilemmas, organizations must mediate between under‐ and over‐organizing extremes. Organizations can enable creativity by incorporating changing interests and conditions. Organizations can eschew convention, increase rank‐and‐file involvement with corresponding authority, tolerate ambiguity and deviance, encourage improvisation, and support members’ diverse experiences and perspectives.     

Symmetrical design for symmetrical global sensitivity analysis of model output

Symmetrical global sensitivity analysis (SGSA) can help practitioners focusing on the symmetrical terms of inputs whose uncertainties have an impact on the model output, which allows reducing the complexity of the model. However, there remains the challenging problem of finding an efficient method to get symmetrical global sensitivity indices (SGSI) when the functional form of the symmetrical terms is unknown, including numerical and non-parametric situations. In this study, we propose a novel sampling plan, called symmetrical design, for SGSA. As a preliminary experiment for model feature extracting, such plan offers the virtue of run-size economy due to its closure respective to the given group. Using the design, we give estimation methods of SGSI as well as their asymptotic properties respectively for numerical model and non-parametrical model directly by the model outputs, and further propose a significance test for SGSI in non-parametric situation. A case study for a benchmark of GSA and a real data analysis show the effectiveness of the proposed design.     

基于互联网金融视角的网络信用风险传导机制研究

随着我国互联网金融的蓬勃兴起,网络信用风险亦逐渐受到重视.文章基于互联网金融的视角,对网络信用风险进行了定义与分类,并建立了互联网金融用户与互联网金融机构的委托—代理模型、博弈模型等对网络信用风险传导机制进行了分析;对中国人民银行下属公司建立网络金融征信系统、阿里巴巴支付宝的信用评级体系、阿里小贷与京东白条的网络信用风险进行了案例分析;针对互联网金融网络信用风险的防范机制提出了进一步完善中国人民银行网络征信系统、网络信用评级系统的升级与完善、相关法律法规的出台并践行、信用担保建设、网络技术保障等相关政策建议.     

Smoke over Taihang Mountains

正~~     

The Process of Familization of Migration in China

China is a transitional and developing country with the largest population and number of farmers in the world, and shows a striking feature of urban-rural dual structure. The major content in China＇s rising modernization is the process of urbanization transformation, urbanization of small and middle-sized city in China should become the basic path selection. Which involves three important issues： concept, people, and institution. Only based on the modernization of concept, people and institution, there will automatically generate the modernization of industry, agriculture, technology and national defense, and thus consistently developing prosperous of both the country and the citizens.     

Warm Winter

正~~     

《局外人》所塑造的现世西西弗

加缪的《局外人》塑造了一个现世荒诞英雄的形象，主人公莫尔索是个活在现代的西西弗，他冷眼观望人类和世界之间不可调和的分裂现实，用一种冷漠的外表坚持把有限的生命活到最多。面对注定没有意义的人生，唯一的出路是与荒诞同行，直至生命的最后一刻，这就是荒诞人的反抗。     

政府推动型城市化促进了县域经济发展吗

文章基于“撤县设区”改革的政策实验,使用一种纯数据推动的合成控制评估思路,分析了政府推动型城市化模式对县域经济发展的影响.研究结果表明:①政府推动型城市化,在大多数地区发挥了中心城市经济发展的辐射和援助作用,但是短期内未能带来人口的实质性城市化;②在影响渠道上,这一城市化进程增强了县域财政的收支能力,同时强化了辖区政府在公共服务事务上的支出,进而发挥着对县域经济发展的促进作用.但是本文的研究也表明,在政府推动型高速城市化背景下,需要警惕假性城市化及延缓县域经济发展的双重隐患,过快或干预过多的城市化模式也可能会损害经济的健康发展.