Young Infants' Behavioral Reactivity to Mild Perturbation: Developmental Continuity,Stability, and Organization

This study investigated the developmental continuity, stability, and organization of infants' behavioral response to mild stress from 1 to 3 months of age. Changes in infant stress reactivity were expected to coincide with a suspected neurobiological shift around the 2nd month. A total of 53 infants and their mothers participated in this study. At 1 and 3 months, infants' stress reactivity to mild perturbation was assessed by withdrawing a pacifier during nonnutritive sucking. Infant baseline heart rate activity and maternal reports of infant temperament were also obtained. Focusing on facial and vocal negativity, behavioral measures of infant reactivity to pacifier withdrawal were coded from videos. Results showed that developmental continuity and individual instability characterized changes in infant stress reactivity over the 2nd‐month transition. Developmental reorganization was also evidenced by changes in the direction and magnitude of infant stress reactivity in relation to baseline heart period and maternal temperament ratings, respectively. These findings provide direct supporting evidence for the contention that changes in infant stress reactivity to mild perturbation may be a function of developmental shifts in underlying neurobiological mechanisms in early infancy.     

短波CHIRP调解器的多径和多普勒展宽估值技术

介绍了一种新型的性能优越的短波低速ＣＨＩＲＰ调制解调器，讨论了利用调解器的数据传输实现对短波信道的主要参数多径展宽Ｍ和多普勒展宽Ｄ同时进行估值的方法。通过大量的模拟实验测试了算法的性能，证明了用被调ＣＨＩＲＰ信号进行实时信道估计方法的有效性。     

Simple Priorities and Core Stability in Hedonic Games

In this paper we study hedonic games where each player views every other player either as a friend or as an enemy. Two simple priority criteria for comparison of coalitions are suggested, and the corresponding preference restrictions based on appreciation of friends and aversion to enemies are considered. We characterize internally stable coalitions on the proposed domains and show how these characterizations can be used for generating a strict core element in the first case and a core element in the second case. Moreover, we prove that an element of the strict core under friends appreciation can be found in polynomial time, while finding an element of the core under enemies aversion is NP-hard.     

Identifying health inequalities between Māori and non‐Māori using mortality tables

Abstract

While there is a need for more detailed information on health inequality to guide public health policy, the most complete and easily available data remain those in mortality tables. We investigate, via a comparative analysis of data from New Zealand on Māori and non‐Māori mortality, whether more detailed information than raw life expectancy may be extracted from the mortality tables. Given a parametric distribution for the mortality capable of fitting irregularities in mortality table data, the curvature of the survival and hazard rates can identify changes in mortality rates, such as infant and late‐life adult mortality, which allows for straightforward comparisons between the two sub‐populations. Our results identify an exogenous effect in earlier mortality among Maori, which correlates well with many published observations of health and health‐care inequalities between Māori and non‐Māori. This “proof of concept” for our method of analysis indicates that examination of bulk data such as those in mortality tables has a potential role in the design of more detailed studies involving causes of mortality.     

灰色关联决策分析法在产业投资优势评估中的应用——以近期甘肃省对外招商和经济技术合作为例

本文旨在探讨如何从诸多投资产业中，选择最佳的产业及投资方案。在以往多目标决策法中，当要选择方案时，大都是由主观的判断或是复杂的计算来处理，如此并无法让决策者做整体性之判断。因此，本文使用灰色关联决策分析法，来分析投资方案间之关联度，透过关联度分析结果，除提供投资者做最佳产业及投资方案的选择外，并提供给甘肃省政府拟定政策、投资方案与改善投资环境之参考     

The Women's Movement in South Korea*

Objectives. The objective of the study is to examine the underlying explanations for the relative success of the women's movement in Korea. Building on the resource mobilization model, the present research investigates how women's groups in Korea mobilize resources, increase membership and participation, and pursue alliances and coalitions to achieve their organizational goals. Methods. This research analyzes the data collected via a mail survey of women's groups during November 2000 and May 2001. Results. The study finds that disparate women's organizations (radical vs. reformist) have had distinct resources, strategies, support bases, tactics, and relations to others groups to mobilize more support and effect their goals. Conclusions. From an organizational standpoint, it is clear that democratization brought about an increase in the number of women's organizations that turned women's grievances into a capacity to act collectively.     

高频突发自适应选频控制系统的实时基带模拟

在现代高频通信中，为了提高抗干扰与抗截获性能，使用了突发通信模式。在这种通信任式中，一个关键技术是自适应选频技术。本文介绍了突发自适应选频技术的相关内容，提出了一种自适应选频方案，并在基带上用ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ３０ＤＳＰ成功地实时摸拟了整个选频过程，证明方案有效可行，在自适应选频后选出的最优频率与预期的一致，并得出了一些有价值的结论。