A life of fear: Sex workers and the threat of HIV in Uganda

Schoemaker J, Twikirize J. A life of fear: sex workers and the threat of HIV in Uganda The way individuals perceive their risk to certain threats influences their adoption of preventive behaviour. This study explored sex workers' perception of risk of HIV infection within the context of other serious threats. The study was carried out in Kampala, Uganda, using peer ethnography. Sex workers were well aware of their risk of HIV infection but this risk was eclipsed by other more immediate and frightening threats. Sex workers' willingness to gamble with HIV is explained by the fact that their existence is already very dangerous, and taking risks is an inherent part of their trade. Decriminalising sex work could make their lives somewhat safer, motivating them to better protect themselves, but this is unlikely to happen in Uganda. Attempting to enforce some coercive control mechanisms would not work, given the pervasive corruption in law enforcement and the judiciary, the institutions that would be responsible for implementing such control.     

中国素质文化发展历程的人学审视

素质文化是以入的素质发展为主导性价值追求并表现为各种相关的形式的文化。中国素质文化的发展历程经历了三个时期：相对圆满的时期、相对片面注重德性发展的时期、追求全面发展但存在尖锐矛盾的时期。这三个时期都可以从入学角度来解读。在过去的中国历史中，人的素质发展历程是缓慢的，解决这一问题的根本出路在于，将素质文化置于整个人类文化的核心，大力研究和建设素质文化。     

Effects of the social dominance orientation on environmental attitudes of Chilean university students / Efectos de la orientación a la dominancia social sobre las actitudes ambientales de universitarios chilenos

By adopting a multidimensional approach to environmental attitudes (apathy, anthropocentrism, connectedness and emotional affinity with nature), this study explores the relationships between these dimensions, social dominance orientation (SDO) and political orientation. Two hundred and sixty-two Chilean university students filled out an ad hoc online questionnaire. Two confirmatory factorial analyses showed the four typologies of environmental attitudes and the two factors for SDO, which are labelled group dominance and opposition to equality. Through hierarchical regressions, group dominance showed higher explanatory power of environmental attitudes than political orientation. Furthermore, using the bootstrap procedure we showed that group dominance mediated between political orientation and attitudes of apathy, anthropocentrism and connectedness, while opposition to equality mediated between apathy and emotional affinity. We conclude that SDO is an important variable for measuring political ideology while also providing new nuances when analysing the relationships with environmental attitudes.     

电子商务环境下消费者个人信息保护危机与应对——以新制度经济学为视角

电子商务环境中,经营者常利用其与消费者之间的非均衡博弈关系擅自处理后者的个人信息,这不但侵害了消费者的人格利益,而且阻碍了个人信息资源的高效配置。我国为促使经营者尊重消费者对个人信息的排他性产权,应强制经营者在处理个人信息前履行征得消费者许可等义务,进而改变这种不均衡状态。而立法者为了优化规制效果,宜立足于商业伦理与网络治理等因素构筑的特殊国情并重点借鉴欧盟的成例,凭借作为公共选择的立法活动将前述义务予以明确化。但刚性的法律规范又会不当限制经营者与消费者的决策自由,并阻碍个人信息的有效利用,对此,我国还需要参照美欧做法对经营者义务规则的适用设定例外情形。     

高职院校学前教育专业学生顶岗实习满意度现状调查

顶岗实习是学前教育专业综合性最强的实践教学环节,学前教育专业学生顶岗实习的满意度情况关乎顶岗实习工作的质量。本研究通过自编满意度调查问卷对湖南省五所高职院校参加学前教育顶岗实习学生进行调查,发现学生对顶岗实习总体满意度比较高,学生对公办园的满意度显著高于民办园,学生顶岗实习满意度会影响学生的从业意愿。     

Obesity and sex ratios in the U.S.

This paper studies how rising male incarceration and its impact on marriage markets has affected female incentives to gain weight. Exogenous variation in marriage market conditions is obtained from differential trends in male incarceration rates across markets defined by race, location and age. We provide evidence that marriage market conditions do in fact affect the incidence of obesity. In particular, we find that increases in male imprisonment that reduced the male–female sex-ratio explain about 18 % of the increase in the female obesity rate for African-Americans in the United States over the 1990s. Results are particularly large for those in the younger age group (ages 18–23).     

明代军卫与回回人——以北直隶定州《重修清真礼拜寺记》为例

本文以明代北直隶真定府定州正德十六年(1521年)《重修清真礼拜寺记》为主要史料,分析了此次修寺参与者的军卫背景,分别来自定州卫和北直隶其他卫所。笔者认为这正是定州清真寺的特点,即具有强烈的军卫色彩。     

基于目的论的汉英翻译中的省略法

省略虽然是常见的翻译方法,但是在翻译实践中,译者——特别是翻译学习者——往往会低估省略法的效用,甚至尽量避而不用。为了帮助译者合理使用省略法,将选择省略法在汉英翻译中的典型实例,从德国功能理论学派的目的论角度对其加以深入分析,概括省略法应用的多重目的——或是为了使译文更符合英语文化背景和英语表达习惯、或是为了更好地满足英语读者的期待和双方交际的需求。借此分析,帮助译者或翻译初学者获取"合适的"译文;以此为译者寻求省略应用的理论支持。     

如何提高高职院校辅导员的沟通能力

高校辅导员工作既是一个思想政治教育的过程，也是一个人际思想沟通的过程。事实上，思想政治教育工作能否取得实效，很大程度上取决于辅导员与学生之间能否实现有效的沟通。从高职院校的实际出发，就高职院校辅导员沟通能力的提高进行多方面的探讨。     

民族性与现代性的两难——以小说《长河》、《正红旗下》为例

20世纪初以来逐步趋于稳定的民族共同体背景下,少数民族基于自身"民族性"构建的实践与作为整体社会历史潮流的追求"现代性"之间,呈现出一种复杂的两难状态。《长河》、《正红旗下》从不同的时代与民族关系背景出发,试图对作者自身民族的民族性进行想象性展望与重构。这种展望与重构的失败,与20世纪中国艰难的"现代性"追求及其陷入的吊诡和误区紧密相关,并凸显出二者在共存中陷入的悖论。