浅谈大学生科技创新能力的培养

大学生的科技创新能力培养是在高等教育目标实施过程中,注重和强调对学生的理论基础、创新理念、创新思维、创新技能和创新人格的培养,使其成为适应时代变化和发展的高素质人才.笔者结合大学生科研创新能力培养的经验,总结了学生工作中大学生科技创新能力培养的一些有益尝试,并指出了当前大学生科技创新能力培养中应当规避的误区.     

论反垄断法实施中的专家参与问题

反垄断法的一些特点决定了专家参与其实施的重要性。专家参与既可以发生在司法程序中,也可以发生在行政程序中,还可以发生在民间程序中。专家参与的身份可能是案件审理人员,也可能是证人,还可能是咨询人员。在专家参与时,对专家的独立性、专家的选择和专家意见的冲突等难题应当有良好的法律对策。我国的《反垄断法》对专家参与问题没能很好地解决,尚需通过其他法律机制解决,但解决问题的最好办法是完善我国的《反垄断法》。     

SO42-/ZrO2-Nd2O3固体酸的制备及其催化活性

以皮胶原纤维为模板剂,硫酸锆为锆源,掺杂稀土Nd元素制备SO42-/Zr O2-Nd2O3固体酸。通过TG、XRD、FT-IR、SEM以及N2吸附脱附分析等表征了制备条件对SO42-/Zr O2-Nd2O3固体酸结构的影响。结果表明,SO42-/Zr O2-Nd2O3固体酸较好地保持了模板的纤维结构,添加稀土Nd元素能有效抑制晶粒增长,Zr O2-Nd2O3晶粒尺寸为5.1~11.6 nm,比表面积为63.96 m2/g;以乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应为模型反应考察SO42-/Zr O2-Nd2O3固体酸的催化活性,催化剂活性较高,重复使用5次,乙酸的转化率仍可达到85%,表现出较好的重复使用性,具有一定的工业应用前景。     

合肥市汽车零部件配套产业调研分析

汽车产业是合肥市的重要支柱产业，但整个行业的发展却很不均衡，零部件配套产业的发展相对滞后。通过对合肥市汽车零部件配套产业的实地调研分析，总结了合肥市零部件产业的整体特点，并就其存在的主要问题，有针对性地提出了几点建议。     

勘合贸易与东山御物——中国文物在日本的足迹考

"东山御物"指在明王朝与日本的葚勘合贸易中东渡的中国精品文物.至今,"东山御物"已成为日本许多博物馆的镇馆之宝,但对于它的研究多停留在制作工艺与艺术鉴赏的层面,而很少涉及它的形成过程和社会功能.运用历史学文本分析的方法,可以阐释中国文物在日本发挥独特功能的过程和原因.     

Species richness,phylogenetic and functional structure of bird communities in Chinese university campuses are associated with divergent variables

University campus is an important component of urban landscapes for biodiversity conservation. However, to our knowledge no study has quantitatively assessed the diversity and structure of bird communities in Chinese university campuses, especially from phylogenetic and functional perspectives. Here, for the first time we linked species richness, phylogenetic structure and body mass structure of campus bird communities with contemporary climate, glacial-interglacial climate change, altitudinal range, population density around campus, area and age of campus to test their associations. We found 393 bird species in 38 university campuses (29% of all Chinese bird species, two species are endangered, four species are vulnerable, and 33 species are near threatened). The variables significantly correlated with campus bird species richness, phylogenetic structure and body mass structure were altitudinal range and mean annual precipitation, glacial-interglacial anomaly in temperature, and altitudinal range, respectively. In particular, there were more species in steeper and wetter campuses, more young species clustered in campuses with stable glacial-interglacial climate, and more species with smaller body size in steeper campuses. Our study highlights the importance of considering both phylogenetic and functional information for biodiversity conservation in urban ecosystems.     

Perception of Similar and Dissimilar Lexical Tones by Non‐Tone‐Learning Infants

This study examined the perception of Mandarin lexical tones by non‐tone‐learning infants. We tested French‐learning 4‐, 8‐, and 11‐month‐olds on Tone 2 (rising) versus Tone 3 (dipping), the most acoustically similar contrast in Mandarin, and on Tone 1 (high) versus Tone 4 (falling), acoustically more dissimilar contrast. We hypothesized that sensitivity should decline with age for the similar contrast, and the dissimilar contrast should remain more discriminable. Infants were habituated to one tone and tested with the same tone versus the contrastive tone. Results showed that the dissimilar T1–T4 contrast was consistently discriminated by all three ages, whereas the discrimination of the similar T2–T3 contrast revealed a tendency to decline over the ages. These results suggest that relative to consonants and vowels, perceptual sensitivity to lexical tones remains stronger in non‐tone‐learning infants. Discrimination of lexical tones is affected by both acoustic salience and perceptual attunement to the native‐language phonology.     

文学活动的文化分析

在文化视野中 ,文学活动是精神文化的创造活动 ,也是诗意的文化交流活动。它以文化语境和文化心理为前提 ,亦即在特定文化语境的制约下开展 ,并以主体的文化心理为根本动力。因此 ,在文学活动中文化的作用是全过程和全方位的。另一方面 ,作家的创作和读者的阅读都是基于文化传统的个性化的创造活动 ,其艺术的性质也构成了主体间诗意的文化交流过程。这不仅创造了审美文化 ,还实现了各类文化的相互交融     

新疆民族传统体育发展趋势研究分析

目前有资料记载挖掘整理出新疆民族传统体育项目278个。民族传统体育在资料收集、整理、挖掘中，应将新疆民族传统体育项目和信息技术相结合，把有代表性项目编辑成网络游戏和游戏软件，做好新疆民族传统体育项目普及工作，加快文字收集和挖掘工作，使新疆民族传统体育进入良性可持续发展。     

住宅设计:现代建筑大师的摇篮

住宅是人类生活的基本空间单元,是一种非常重要的建筑类型。住宅设计是现代建筑大师的摇篮,由中国"实验建筑师"的住宅设计实践可以看出,住宅设计可作为供中国建筑者参考借鉴的成名起点。