高校教师的教学权力与“价值中立”

高校教师并不是一个轻松的职业。首先,高校教师的教学权力一直遭到来自学术权力和行政权力的限制或左右。其次,高校教师在课程讲授时主观上会掺入教师本人的价值观,这将会降低作为学术研究本身所追求的价值。作为一名合格的高校教师,在课程讲授时务必向学生讲明哪些是政府所要求的价值导向,哪些是教师本人的价值观,哪些是作为学术研究本身所要求的价值所在;教师在行使教学权力的过程中,务必从来自政府的"行政权力"和来自本人的"自我价值"狭隘性中跳出来。     

成都特色乡村旅游发展及特色研究——兼谈对社会主义新农村建设的促进作用

本文从发展历程、特色类型、经营方式、政府扶持与规制办法四个方面研究了成都特色乡村旅游的发展模式,分析了成都特色乡村旅游带来的政治、经济、社会、文化效益。指出应加强成都特色乡村旅游的文化内涵,促进其良性发展,优化成都社会主义新农村的建设平台。     

Wiki合作学习在远程教育中的应用初探

Wiki是一种支持社群共同创作的网页系统,作为一种快捷易用的知识管理工具,近年来风靡因特网世界。随着网络上Wjki应用情景的不断增多,Wiki的技术思想也会逐渐发展成为学习、培训和教育中一种重要的E—Learning方式。本文在远程教育和合作学习基本理论的基础上,从简单方便、开放安全、协作共享、组织有序等特点出发对Wiki在远程教育中应用的可行性做出分析,详细提出了Wiki在远程教育中的应用方式,并阐述了利用Wiki的注意事项。     

高校扩招与城市发展

高校扩招已成为社会和教育界讨论的热点问题。全面认识高校扩招与城市发展之间的相互关系,对于城市建设与高校发展都具有十分重要的作用。高校扩招与城市发展具有正相关性,城市发展为高校扩招提供了市场需求,高校扩招是促进城市发展的重要途径。本文从城市发展的角度,给出了高校扩招后的建议,提出了大力发展应用型大学的必要性。     

社会学视野中青少年越轨现象的整合研究

将"青少年是否实施越轨行为"看作一个"因变量",通过对越轨社会学的七大理论取向进行分析和评估,从中提取符合中国社会情境、可以解释中国青少年越轨现象即对本文设定的"因变量"产生作用的12个"自变量".在提取"自变量"的基础上,进行理论整合,建立了一个可以分析我国青少年越轨现象的整合性理论模型,并根据整合后的理论,对预防和解决中国青少年越轨现象提出了系统性的建议.     

从文学活动"四要素"看当前文学经典的重构

经典的重构已成为当今文学创作日趋浮躁、日趋世俗化、感官化、日趋追求"明星化"文化策略和时尚效应中一道亮丽的文化景观.经典得以重构是文学活动"四要素"互动的结果.就作品而言,内涵的丰富性、深刻性、震撼力及独特的技法是经典重构的前提.社会生活的多元化、文化价值追求的异质化,作家"影响焦虑"下的颠覆冲动、时尚欲望化追求,读者求新尚奇、狂欢化效果的阅读期待以及时尚批评家的引导,是导致经典重构世俗化、通俗化趋势的外部原因.经典重构过程是一个经典文本与社会生活互动的过程,社会语境影响下的作者和读者作为最活跃因素互为影响地参与了整个过程.     

Bayesian t-tests for correlations and partial correlations

In this paper, we develop Bayes factor based testing procedures for the presence of a correlation or a partial correlation. The proposed Bayesian tests are obtained by restricting the class of the alternative hypotheses to maximize the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the Bayes factor is larger than a specified threshold. It turns out that they depend simply on the frequentist t-statistics with the associated critical values and can thus be easily calculated by using a spreadsheet in Excel and in fact by just adding one more step after one has performed the frequentist correlation tests. In addition, they are able to yield an identical decision with the frequentist paradigm, provided that the evidence threshold of the Bayesian tests is determined by the significance level of the frequentist paradigm. We illustrate the performance of the proposed procedures through simulated and real-data examples.     

A misspecification test for the higher order co-moments of the factor model

The traditional estimation of higher order co-moments of non-normal random variables by the sample analog of the expectation faces a curse of dimensionality, as the number of parameters increases steeply when the dimension increases. Imposing a factor structure on the process solves this problem; however, it leads to the challenging task of selecting an appropriate factor model. This paper contributes by proposing a test that exploits the following feature: when the factor model is correctly specified, the higher order co-moments of the unexplained return variation are sparse. It recommends a general to specific approach for selecting the factor model by choosing the most parsimonious specification for which the sparsity assumption is satisfied. This approach uses a Wald or Gumbel test statistic for testing the joint statistical significance of the co-moments that are zero when the factor model is correctly specified. The asymptotic distribution of the test is derived. An extensive simulation study confirms the good finite sample properties of the approach. This paper illustrates the practical usefulness of factor selection on daily returns of random subsets of S&P 100 constituents.     

Noninformative priors for the between-group variance in the unbalanced one-way random effects model with heterogeneous error variances

For the unbalanced one-way random effects model with heterogeneous error variances, we propose the non-informative priors for the between-group variance and develop the first- and second-order matching priors. It turns out that the second-order matching priors do not exist and the reference prior and Jeffreys prior do not satisfy a first-order matching criterion. We also show that the first-order matching prior meets the frequentist target coverage probabilities much better than the Jeffreys prior and reference prior through simulation study, and the Bayesian credible intervals based on the matching prior and reference prior give shorter intervals than the existing confidence intervals by examples.     

The influence of acculturation level and family relationships on quality of life among U.S. Chinese older adults

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the influence of acculturation level and family relationships (i.e., positive family support and negative family strain) on quality of life (QOL), using the data from the Population Study of ChINese Elderly (PINE) in Chicago (N = 3159). Controlling for sociodemographic variables and health status, it was found that individuals’ acculturation level and positive family support were positively related to QOL, whereas negative family strain was negatively associated with QOL. More importantly, higher acculturation levels were associated with increased protective effects of positive family support and reduced risk effects of negative family strain on QOL among U.S. Chinese older adults.