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This paper uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to examine the relationship between work-family conflict and six work outcomes: performance, turnover, absenteeism, organizational commitment, job involvement, and burnout. Also reviewed are studies on the effects of employer (work-family) policies aimed at reducing such conflict. Policies to aid employees in managing work and family roles can be expensive, and studies show that they are often marginally effective. The review shows that relationships between work-family policies and organizational effectiveness is mixed and their connection to work-family conflict often under-examined. Work-family conflict is a critical link that may shed light on policy impacts. Suggestions on how future studies can build bridges between practitioners and academics and more clearly examine organizational effectiveness links are provided. 相似文献
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E·图根特哈特 《南京大学学报(哲学.人文科学.社会科学 )》2007,44(3)
启蒙以来的现代境况使得道德及其论证的问题既重要又困难。一方面,传统论道德连同其更高真理包含着无法论证的前提,因而所有道德的核心必须还原到规范之自然的或合理的基本存在之上;另一方面,契约论以及其他现代道德替代品涉及的仅仅是一种外部的社会裁定,而道德则是一种在羞愧、义愤等道德感受中感受到的内部的社会裁定。因此,道德的可能性只在于:本质上将自身理解为一个共同体一般以及与此相关的受到普遍尊重之观念的环节。 相似文献
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Abstract Possible chronotoxic effects were the reason to study chemical workplace exposure under the special condition of shiftwork. Eight shiftworkers occupationally exposed to acetone vapours and eight controls were investigated during fast-rotated shiftwork. The mean concentration of acetone during the shifts was close to 1000 ppm (2400 mg/m3). Data on well-being and acute symptoms, but not on performance, indicate that the exposure contributed mainly in an additive way to the negative effects of shiftwork. As a consequence, the exposed shiftworkers revealed enhanced impairments during the night-shift. 相似文献
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Holger Ernst 《Journal of Engineering and Technology Management》1998,15(4):279-308
Empirical research has found a discrepancy between the perceived importance and the actual level of information on competitor's R&D strategies. It has been argued in the literature that patent information might be used to overcome this information deficit. However, empirical research further reveals that patent information is rarely used in strategic R&D planning. The present paper explores this issue and introduces two types of patent portfolios for strategic R&D planning. In patent portfolios on the company level, patenting strategies are identified and the quality of overall technological positions is benchmarked against relevant competitors. In addition, we present a patent portfolio on the technological level, which, as it is known from various technology portfolios, helps companies to manage the allocation of R&D resources effectively. Based on patent data from 21 German, European and Japanese mechanical engineering companies we show the application of both patent portfolios for strategic R&D planning purposes. The patent portfolios prove to be a very valuable tool for R&D decision makers in companies. Based on the experiences made in the case study, recommendation for the effective use of patent portfolios are formulated. 相似文献
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What makes foster carers think about quitting? Recommendations for improved retention of foster carers 下载免费PDF全文
Melanie Randle Dominik Ernst Friedrich Leisch Sara Dolnicar 《Child & Family Social Work》2017,22(3):1175-1186
Ideation, or the formulation of ideas pertaining to a particular topic, is the precursor to individuals making significant life decisions. Many individuals think about foster caring long before they actually become carers, and it stands to reason that in many cases, carer discontinuation also follows a period of ideation. This being the case, it is possible that by monitoring ideation, interventions could be introduced to prevent placement disruptions occurring, particularly if the sources of dissatisfaction are known. Using a sample of 205 foster carers, a posteriori segmentation analysis identifies groups of carers dissatisfied with the same aspects of their role. One group is particularly dissatisfied with factors that are within the control of foster care agencies and also reports high levels of discontinuation ideation. Recommendations include that the individual support needs of carers be identified such that customized support can be offered, including boosting initial and ongoing training to manage expectations and ensure carers feel prepared for the role. Results also highlight the important role of caseworkers in making carers feel appreciated and taken seriously. 相似文献
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Ernst Fehr Alexander Klein Klaus M Schmidt 《Econometrica : journal of the Econometric Society》2007,75(1):121-154
We show experimentally that fairness concerns may have a decisive impact on the actual and optimal choice of contracts in a moral hazard context. Bonus contracts that offer a voluntary and unenforceable bonus for satisfactory performance provide powerful incentives and are superior to explicit incentive contracts when there are some fair‐minded players, but trust contracts that pay a generous wage up front are less efficient than incentive contracts. The principals understand this and predominantly choose the bonus contracts. These results are consistent with recently developed theories of fairness, which offer important new insights into the interaction of contract choices, fairness, and incentives. 相似文献