Invisible computer for collaborative design: evaluation of a multimodal sketch-based environment

In the areas of design, especially in architectural design, collaboration has become an important challenge. The specialization of skills increase, work teams are more and more extensive and the geographic distance between them increases too. The economic and ecological stakes related to remote collaboration are an evidence. This context involves the need to support most efficiently possible remote working meetings. We present the Distributed Collaborative Digital Studio (DSDC), a tool designed to recreate, in distant situations, the context of copresence meetings. This shared environment is created in the "invisible computer" approach [11]. The idea is that the tool should disappear from user's consciousness. Indeed, creative design activities require some fluidity in their process. Therefore, any involuntary interruption created by the system can potentially brake creativity. In this perspective, we investigate specifically the "invisibility" of our environment. To do this, we propose a framework for the operationalization of the concept and a methodology to test the system invisibility. This methodology was applied through a case study consisting of a corpus of 12 hours of remote collaborative design sessions with the DSDC. We highlight the learning effects while using our system, conclude on its effectiveness and discuss our methodology.     

Being a desirable migrant: perception and racialisation of Icelandic migrants in Norway

In the aftermath of the financial crisis that hit Iceland in October 2008, increased numbers of Icelanders migrated to Norway to seek employment due to difficult economic circumstances in Iceland. Using critical perspectives from postcolonial studies and critical whiteness studies, the paper explores how these Icelandic migrants in Norway make sense of their new position as economic migrants within a global economy characterised by a growing sense of precariousness, while past inequalities and racism continue to matter. We also examine how these migrants are perceived in Norwegian media, and how social discourses of Icelandic migrants reflect larger Norwegian debates on racism, desirability and cultural belonging. Media discourses in Norway and interviews with Icelandic migrants reveal a hierarchy of acceptability of migrants. Icelanders are positioned as highly desirable compared to other migrant groups due to the intersection of perceived racial belonging, nationality and class. Our discussion contributes, furthermore, towards a critical analysis of the category migrant, by exploring how the term immigrant (innvandrer/innflytjandi) is used in narratives of Icelandic migrants in Norway and in Norwegian media discussions, showing the negative and racialised connotations of the term immigrant and how its understanding is linked with vulnerable positions and discrimination.     

A lower bound for the adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem

Adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (A2E-CVRP) proposed in this paper is a variant of the classical 2E-CVRP. Comparing to 2E-CVRP, A2E-CVRP has multiple depots and allows the vehicles to serve customers directly from the depots. Hence, it has more efficient solution and adapt to real-world environment. This paper gives a mathematical formulation for A2E-CVRP and derives a lower bound for it. The lower bound is used for deriving an upper bound subsequently, which is also an approximate solution of A2E-CVRP. Computational results on benchmark instances show that the A2E-CVRP outperforms the classical 2E-CVRP in the costs of routes.     

融资融券制度与市场定价效率——基于卖空摩擦的视角

我国融资融券制度不同于国外成熟市场的一个重要特征是存在较大的卖空摩擦,但这一卖空摩擦对市场定价效率的影响及其作用机制尚未被研究揭示.本文运用双重差分固定效应模型、处理效应模型和倾向性匹配双重差分模型,研究了融资融券制度中的卖空摩擦对市场定价效率的影响及其内在机制.实证结果表明,融资融券制度中的卖空摩擦抑制了市场参与者对公司特质信息的充分挖掘,促使其过度利用市场或行业信息进行交易,从而延缓了公司特质信息融入股价,加速了市场或行业信息融入股价,最终加剧了股价同涨同跌现象,不利于市场定价效率的提高.本文研究结论为监管部门合理扩大融资融券标的范围、降低交易成本和交易门槛,营造高效的市场环境提供了依据和思路.     

概率论中随机变量函数若干问题探讨

文章给出了连续型随机变量差以及积的分布密度公式.针对两个独立同服从标准正态分布的随机变量详细推导了其积的分布密度公式和特征函数,并给出了涉及标准正态分布随机变量乘积函数分布的几个结论.     

大学英语写作教学中运用语篇分析的探讨

本文运用语篇分析的理论,探讨提高学生的写作能力。     

“电磁场与电磁渡”课程改革教学研究

“电磁场与电磁波”作为电子通信类专业的一门专业基础课,在学科建设中发挥着承上启下的作用,提高该课程的教学质量是非常必要的。通过实践,探索该课程中教学方法和手段的改革,以适应相关专业的人才培养目标和满足当前的社会需要。     

俄罗斯国家经济安全法律体系的分析

国家经济安全问题关系一国的兴衰荣辱.目前,俄罗斯经济安全正面临极大挑战,从而引起了俄罗斯国内的广泛关注.我们研究该问题的目的是希望借此能对俄罗斯经济安全法律体系有一个清晰的认识,从而总结它的经验,为维护我国经济安全提供借鉴.本文分别分析了俄罗斯能源安全、金融安全、对外经济安全以及土地安全几大法律基本情况,最后总结了其对我国经济安全的借鉴意义.     

作为方法的进化论——胡适与贺麟对杜威进化论的理解

进化论进入中国呈现出三种主要的面貌,即作为科学知识的进化论、作为价值的进化论和作为方法的进化论.进化论在方法论层面的运用带来新的"景观","发生学方法"是其中一个主要的"景观".杜威、胡适和贺麟等都对此有所论述.胡适的"历史方法"与杜威的发生学方法有一定的距离,贺麟则对杜威的发生学方法有较深刻的认识,他对"独断的进化论"和"方法的进化论"的区分深化了现当代中国思想家对进化论的理解和对中国学术的现代转化的认识.无论如何,胡适和贺麟都确认"方法的进化论"的合理性和对于中国思想世界建设的重要性.     

门德尔松的启蒙观及其对中国的启示

我们对启蒙的理解不能仅仅局限于我们所熟知的康德的启蒙传统或者西方的启蒙运动.犹太启蒙哲学家门德尔松的启蒙观提供了另外一个参考的视角.他的启蒙观包括如下内涵:第一,启蒙关乎理性知识和理性反思能力;第二,启蒙分人之为人的启蒙和人之为公民的启蒙;第三,启蒙存在衰退和误用的可能性.门德尔松的启蒙观为当代中国的启蒙运动提供了三点启示:第一,从教养的角度理解启蒙,从而重新估价儒学的教养资源在启蒙过程中的作用;第二,启蒙有不同的层次与向度,但是都基于对理性的认可;第三,对启蒙的消极后果和辩证性保持清醒的认识.