传统与现代:中国现代都市通俗文学的嬗变

中国现代都市通俗文学主要是在继承传统文学的基础上完成自身改良的。它萌芽于20世纪初"十里洋场"的上海,清末民初逐渐定型,延续至40年代末。在艺术形式、思想内容上它自晚清开始出现了现代性意义的转型,反映了脱胎于传统又执着于现代指向的艰难嬗变。     

着力提高农村干部的整体素质推进社会主义新农村建设

在建设社会主义新农村的新形势下,农村干部队伍中存在的科学文化水平低、年龄结构老化、能力素质弱化等问题已经影响了新农村的建设进程。因此,要从选优配强、提升干部自身素质、改进工作作风和提高工作能力等方面全面提高农村干部队伍的整体素质,推进社会主义新农村建设。     

山竹罐头制作工艺研究

根据食品罐藏原理,研究糖水山竹罐头的生产工艺,主要介绍以成熟山竹为原料,制成营养丰富、风味独特、质量达到标准的山竹罐头的加工工艺。     

横向塞曼稳频He－Ne激光器的研究

稳频横向塞曼Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器作为一种新型光源，具有功率大、频差低、易于相位细分的特点，因而能广泛应用于各种精密测量中．本文介绍了我们研制的稳频横向塞曼激光器，实验结果表明，其激光频率稳定度达４．７×１０（－１０），再现性达１．８×１０（－８）．     

双长链双季铵盐化合物的发展概况

双季铵盐类化合物作为一代新型的阳离子表面活性剂,在过去的二十几年中,有了长足的发展.人们合成了上百种的化合物,并研究了它们的物化性能、抗菌活性以及在相转移催化和模拟生物膜方面的作用.本文是对双季铵盐类化合物的发展的综述.     

战术移动通信网的频率复用技术研究

战术移动通信网的网络拓扑结构随战场环境的变化而变化,为此网络拓扑结构具有重组的能力,网络拓扑重组后必须进行链路频道的重新分配,文中提出的频道分配技术是在避免同频道干扰条件下任一频道可在全网内多次重复使用,以提高频道的重复利用率,同时分析了该情况下网络至少应拥有的频道数,以保证网络有足够的频道供分配。     

On some characteristics of China's population--analysis of the ten percent sampling tabulation of the 1982 third national population census

Advance results from the 1982 census of China are presented based on a 10 percent sample. Sections are included on age distribution, centenarians, marriage patterns, educational status, and the labor force. Several characteristics of China's population are described in this article, based on a 10% sampling tabulation of the production teams and resident groups of the whole country. Data are included for 100,380,000 people. The proportion of the population aged 0-14 is 33.60%, which marks a decline from figures in the 1964 census (40%). This decline is attributed to family planning and population control efforts. The median age is 22.91 years, which is 2.71 years older than that in the 1964 census. The % of the population aged 15-64 rose from 55.7% in 1964 to 61.5%. The dependency ratio dropped from 79.4% (1964) to 62.6%. There were 3,765 centenarians as of July, 1982; the overwhelming majority live in villages, and most (94.77%) are illiterate or semiliterate. The number of female centenarians is 2.4 times that of males. Marriages are comparatively stable in China. 63.6% of the population aged 15 and over are married, and .59% are divorced. The % of the population remaining single after age 50 is .21% for females, 2.97% for males. The average 1st marriage age is 22.80 years for females and 25.49 years for males. 60.35% of the people have had primary education or above; .44% are college graduates. In 1964, 33.58% of the population illiterate or semiliterate. At present, among people aged 12 and over, 31.90% are illiterate or semiliterate. The rural illiteracy rate is more than twice the urban rate. 51.94% of the total population is employed. Of these, 92.08% are engaged in manual labor. Males exceed females in all professions and occupations. The median age of the employed population is 30.84 years. The level of education among the employed is relatively low: 28.26% are illiterate or semiliterate, and 34.35% have had primary education only.     

A survey of work done by the China family planning association

The China Family Planning Association was set up in May 1980 as a nongovernmental organization under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Funds come from the government, international organizations, and individual or community donations. 13 branches have been established so far. The Association has contributed to publicity, education, and research: members have given lectures on family planning, genetics, and population theory, and have helped develop contraceptives. The lectures on population problems have been published. In addition, the Association's periodical "Ren Sheng" is published bimonthly, and has a circulation of 125,000. Meeting have been convened for the exchange of information and experience among family planning workers. The Association organized tripartite seminars with IPPF and JOICFP in June and October, 1983. Under the auspices of the Association, 8 trainees have been sent to the David Owen Center in the United Kingdom for a Year's study, and 1 trainee was sent to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The Association was accepted as a full member of the IPPF at the conference held in Nairobi, Kenya, in November, 1983.     

Optimization Model and Algorithm for Crew Management During Airline Irregular Operations

Airline irregular operations have long been a realm where human experience and judgement are the most important tools to utilize. Crew management during irregular operations is usually the bottleneck of the whole system-recovering process due to complicated crew schedules and restrictive crew legalities as well as the size and scope of the hub-and-spoke networks adopted by major carriers. A system-wide multi-commodity integer network flow model and a heuristic search algorithm for the above purpose are presented and discussed in this paper. The computational experiences show that the algorithm is efficient enough to solve problems of realistic size and also has the flexibility to accommodate practical business requirements.     

确权和调整化解了农地纠纷吗?——基于7省村级层面数据的实证分析

基于2015年对全国东、中、西部7省190个村庄的调查数据,运用负二项回归模型实证分析了新一轮土地确权及土地调整对农村土地纠纷的影响。研究表明:(1)土地确权在明晰农地产权、赋予农民权能的同时,也显化了农村长久以来的历史遗留问题,激发农民解决各种土地权属争议的诉求,引发矛盾与纠纷;(2)土地调整虽在一定程度上缓解了村庄人地资源配置不均的矛盾,但带来的农地产权不稳定也易引发利益、权属等纠纷;(3)村庄的纠纷调处能力对土地纠纷有明显的抑制作用,人均耕地资源越多、户主平均年龄越高发生土地纠纷的可能性越高,位于中、西部地区的村庄土地纠纷发生的概率显著高于东部。由此提出政策建议:第一,鉴于土地确权有激发纠纷的风险,各地在确权过程中应有效规避风险:一方面不搞“一刀切”,因地制宜科学合理地确定确权时点,另一方面在土地关系复杂、矛盾较多、确地难度大的地区,尝试探索“确权确股不确地”模式。第二,保障农村地权稳定,落实土地承包关系长久不变,同时加强政策宣传,提高村干部和农民维法意识。第三,构建多元化农地纠纷解决机制,提高各方应对和调处纠纷的能力,及时根除纠纷隐患。