How culture influences foreign trade: evidence from the U.S. and China

Using a gravity model of trade and the U.S. and Chinese panel data, I present evidence that supports the views that linguistic links have become more important in foreign trade than geographical proximity and that linguistic influence on trade is more significant in China than in the U.S. The estimated result based on a broad panel of economies shows little overall relation between religious similarity and foreign trade in both the U.S. and China. But there is an indication that the religious dissimilarity tends to retard foreign trade with poor countries and regions and to encourage foreign trade with richer places. I also found that, although religious retardation on foreign trade is more significant in China than in the U.S., religious dissimilarity tends to retard the US export more than that of China; by contrast, it tends to retard the Chinese import more than that of the U.S. At last, the socio-economic implications of the estimated results are discussed.     

俄罗斯证券市场:发展特点与发展战略

随着俄罗斯金融体制改革的深入,俄证券市场得到了较为迅速的发展。特别是20世纪90年代中期以来,加速发展的世界有价证券市场的全球化进程,对俄罗斯产生了较大的影响。俄罗斯为迎接经济全球化挑战并融入该进程,正在着手制定全面而综合的证券市场发展战略。本文对俄罗斯证券市场的发展特点与发展战略进行了分析和评价。     

On some characteristics of China's population--analysis of the ten percent sampling tabulation of the 1982 third national population census

Advance results from the 1982 census of China are presented based on a 10 percent sample. Sections are included on age distribution, centenarians, marriage patterns, educational status, and the labor force. Several characteristics of China's population are described in this article, based on a 10% sampling tabulation of the production teams and resident groups of the whole country. Data are included for 100,380,000 people. The proportion of the population aged 0-14 is 33.60%, which marks a decline from figures in the 1964 census (40%). This decline is attributed to family planning and population control efforts. The median age is 22.91 years, which is 2.71 years older than that in the 1964 census. The % of the population aged 15-64 rose from 55.7% in 1964 to 61.5%. The dependency ratio dropped from 79.4% (1964) to 62.6%. There were 3,765 centenarians as of July, 1982; the overwhelming majority live in villages, and most (94.77%) are illiterate or semiliterate. The number of female centenarians is 2.4 times that of males. Marriages are comparatively stable in China. 63.6% of the population aged 15 and over are married, and .59% are divorced. The % of the population remaining single after age 50 is .21% for females, 2.97% for males. The average 1st marriage age is 22.80 years for females and 25.49 years for males. 60.35% of the people have had primary education or above; .44% are college graduates. In 1964, 33.58% of the population illiterate or semiliterate. At present, among people aged 12 and over, 31.90% are illiterate or semiliterate. The rural illiteracy rate is more than twice the urban rate. 51.94% of the total population is employed. Of these, 92.08% are engaged in manual labor. Males exceed females in all professions and occupations. The median age of the employed population is 30.84 years. The level of education among the employed is relatively low: 28.26% are illiterate or semiliterate, and 34.35% have had primary education only.     

A survey of work done by the China family planning association

The China Family Planning Association was set up in May 1980 as a nongovernmental organization under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Funds come from the government, international organizations, and individual or community donations. 13 branches have been established so far. The Association has contributed to publicity, education, and research: members have given lectures on family planning, genetics, and population theory, and have helped develop contraceptives. The lectures on population problems have been published. In addition, the Association's periodical "Ren Sheng" is published bimonthly, and has a circulation of 125,000. Meeting have been convened for the exchange of information and experience among family planning workers. The Association organized tripartite seminars with IPPF and JOICFP in June and October, 1983. Under the auspices of the Association, 8 trainees have been sent to the David Owen Center in the United Kingdom for a Year's study, and 1 trainee was sent to the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The Association was accepted as a full member of the IPPF at the conference held in Nairobi, Kenya, in November, 1983.     

对中国新农村建设中社会救助体系框架与对策的思考

社会救助是现代社会保障体系的有机组成部分,在构建社会主义和谐社会和新农村建设方面发挥着重要作用。本文就农村社会救助的内涵、框架、特点进行了深入具体的探讨,并对构建新型农村社会救助体系进行了大胆设想,以便能够促进农村社会救济的快速发展。     

中国民间组织的兴起对政治发展的推动作用

民间组织的发展和壮大对中国政治发展进程必然产生一定的推动作用。民间组织的发展必然促进公民社会的发展,有利于国家权力向社会的转移;民间组织的发展可以促进政府职能转变和政府机构改革;民间组织是公民获得民主经验的重要途径之一;民间组织的发展有利于培育积极健康的政治文化。     

现代的离散者——对美国菲律宾裔移民的另一种解读

菲律宾裔移民是当代国际移民潮中一道亮丽的风景线,人们可以在世界130多个国家中发现菲律宾裔移民的踪影。最大的海外菲律宾人群体生活在美国,美国菲律宾裔移民已成为美国少数族裔群体中增长最快的一支,是仅次于美国华裔的第二大亚裔群体。因此,美国菲律宾裔移民的政治、经济、     

国外土地政策研究的新变化

土地是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础。近二十年来,土地单纯作为自然资源的价值发生了深刻的变化,已成为影响经济和政治活动的重要因素。基于土地的经济和社会价值的与日俱增,土地政策的重要性也越来越受到学者的重视,因此关于土地改革的政策研究也成为热点。     

越、柬、老华人再移民的民族认同

国际移民问题历来都与民族认同问题交织在一起,正如美国国际移民学家斯蒂芬.卡斯尔斯所说的:“移民问题成为社会关系和民族认同问题争论的关键。”①近年来,越南、柬埔寨、老挝(印度支那三国)的华人再移民的民族认同也成为一个颇具争议的问题。所谓民族认同,徐迅教授等认为包含     

Pooling designs associated with unitary space and ratio efficiency comparison

Let mathbbF^(2n+d)_q²mathbb{F}^{(2nu+delta)}_{q^{2}} be a (2ν+δ)-dimensional unitary space of mathbbF_q²mathbb{F}_{q^{2}} , where δ=0 or 1. In this paper we construct a family of inclusion matrices associated with subspaces of mathbbF^(2n+d)_q²mathbb{F}^{(2nu+delta)}_{q^{2}} , and exhibit its disjunct property. Moreover, we compare the ratio efficiency of this construction with others, and find it smaller under some conditions.