魏晋南北朝志怪小说的"洞穴仙境"意象

"洞穴仙境"是魏晋南北朝志怪小说中反复出现的审美意象.它的频繁出现,有着深层的心理因素.运用弗莱、荣格的原型理论,将作品与作品中反复出现的"洞穴仙境"意象加以联系审视,从它在作品中的具体显现,分析它潜藏的意蕴,可以拓展志怪小说微观透视的领域,具有不可忽视的意义.     

Getting by in the community: lessons from frail elders

This study explores how functionally impaired, elderly persons are able to remain in the community without home- and community- based care (HCBC) under the Medicaid program. Using HCBC administrative data, Medicare data, and survey data, we find the nonparticipants in the community appear to get by through a combination of reliance on informal care, use of Medicare home care, and going without needed services. Despite their efforts to manage their care in the community, non-participants were significantly more likely than the participants to enter a nursing home during the six months following assessment. While our analysis does not allow us to attribute the higher nursing home entry to the absence of HCBC services with certainty, the finding does raise questions about whether the elements of the HCBC program that discourage participation may save Medicaid dollars in the short-run at the expense of future Medicaid costs from more rapid nursing home entry.     

Medicare catastrophic coverage: a postmortem

As we move beyond the 1980s, it is worth reflecting on the rise and fall of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988 (P.L. 100-360). Hailed by nearly everyone at its passage as both sensible and needed, it died less than two years later without ever becoming viable. Attacked vigorously by the elderly whom it was designed to serve, the measure finally succumbed to political pressure and passed from the scene, except for some items relating to Medicaid, on the first day of this year. This article examines the Act and the circumstances that led to its demise.     

A businessman's guide to the media

This paper was also addressed to the ‘Facing Realities’ theme of the EFMD Dublin Conference. The author, a newspaperman of long experience, covers the part information plays in the life of businessman: the vast area information media now cover, the necessity for discrimination, and the directions for future development.     

农户参与土地承包经营权抵押贷款的行为研究

利用全国4个土地承包经营权抵押贷款试点区1 156份有贷款需求的农户数据,探讨农户参与土地承包经营权抵押贷款的行为机制。具体研究影响农户参与行为的因素,农户参与意愿与参与行为的关系。从计划行为理论的视角来看,农户参与抵押贷款的意愿与行为既具有差异性又显著正相关;行为态度通过合作意愿完全中介农户参与行为,主观规范与感知行为控制直接与部分中介农户参与行为。     

我国在线国际贸易新特征及政府监管困境分析

运用2011-2016年的数据进行经验分析发现:我国在线国际贸易呈现出无纸化、批次小、涉及金额小、虚拟性强等新特征,但却存在海关监管困难、税收制度不健全、统计数据缺乏,造成消费者权益屡遭侵犯、责任纠纷频繁、政府监管压力大等现实问题.着力完善税收和海关监管制度,加强建立实名认证信誉认证体系,建设跨境电子商务产业链,积极发展和学习世界先进规定,加强对沿海地区的监管等手段,是确保有效地缓解或从根本上解决这些问题的有效路径.     

我国能源资源行业对外直接投资风险及评估

文章基于能源资源行业对外投资风险的总体特征和分类特征,以中亚、西亚和俄罗斯为例,评估并分析三大地区2014-2015年期间投资的分类风险和总体风险。研究表明：整体上西亚风险最高,其次中亚,俄罗斯风险相对最低;投资俄罗斯应注意政策风险、经济风险,投资中亚应重点注意经济风险和资源风险,投资西亚应注意政治风险和文化风险。优化评估方法,科学建立风险预警机制;构建能源资源海外投资风险保障制度;充分发挥行业商会引导中国企业与当地员工、土著、自然和谐相处,是有效预防和化解能源资源行业对外投资风险困境的有效路径。     

农业生态效率的时空差异及影响因素

以系统论视角构建了农业生态效率测算的网络结构,利用网络DEA模型对我国2005—2013年30个省市农业生态系统整体效率及各子系统效率值进行测度,并对其变化趋势进行收敛检验,进而揭示农业生态效率的关键影响因素,探索农业生态效率提升的实施路径。实证结果显示：我国农业生态整体效率处于较低水平,农业生态效率提升潜力巨大;四大区域差异较大,社会和生态系统的低效成为制约东北地区生态效率提高的因素,经济系统的低效是中西部地区效率增长的瓶颈因素。收敛检验结果显示,经济系统的区域差异呈扩大趋势,社会和生态系统差异性较稳定。农业生态效率与机械密度、人均农业GDP呈正相关关系,与农业市场化程度、受灾率、财政支农力度、工业化发展水平呈负相关关系。虚拟变量的引入,验证了农业是受自然和地理因素影响较大的产业,区位选择对农业生态效率产生重要影响。     

Random Effects,Fixed Effects and Hausman's Test for the Generalized Mixed Regressive Spatial Autoregressive Panel Data Model

This article suggests random and fixed effects spatial two-stage least squares estimators for the generalized mixed regressive spatial autoregressive panel data model. This extends the generalized spatial panel model of Baltagi et al. (2013 Baltagi, B. H., Egger, P., Pfaffermayr, M. (2013). A generalized spatial panel data model with random effects. Econometric Reviews 32:650–685.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) by the inclusion of a spatial lag term. The estimation method utilizes the Generalized Moments method suggested by Kapoor et al. (2007 Kapoor, M., Kelejian, H. H., Prucha, I. R. (2007). Panel data models with spatially correlated error components. Journal of Econometrics 127(1):97–130.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) for a spatial autoregressive panel data model. We derive the asymptotic distributions of these estimators and suggest a Hausman test a la Mutl and Pfaffermayr (2011 Mutl, J., Pfaffermayr, M. (2011). The Hausman test in a Cliff and Ord panel model. Econometrics Journal 14:48–76.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) based on the difference between these estimators. Monte Carlo experiments are performed to investigate the performance of these estimators as well as the corresponding Hausman test.     

卓越教师培养的路径——基于教师天赋的视角

教师作为"人类灵魂工程师"对学生发展具有直接的影响,理应对教师的资质提出严格的要求,吸引天赋较高的人从事教育事业。然而,我国目前普遍存在着忽视教师天赋的现象,主要体现在对教师职业认识的表面化、教师资格考试评价制度不完善以及教师培训对教师天赋的埋没等方面。重视教师天赋是对国家提高教师教育质量的积极响应,有利于提高教师教学的有效性,促进教师的专业发展。卓越教师的培养需要注重前期人才选拔环节、中期教学实施环节和后期教师培训环节,从源头上挑选有特长的学生,对有教师天赋的学生加以专业引导和实践锻炼,为教师天赋提供发展空间。