当代印度南部婆罗门状况的个案分析——以奈保尔《印度:百万叛变的今天》为例

当代印度社会正发生着极大的变动,社会各阶层都在极力维护固有地位和宗教传统的稳定,并极力在这种变动中争取着自身社会利益的最大化。其中,南印度婆罗门种姓在逐步丧失传统的各项特权和优势地位的同时,也在努力适应、应对当代社会的新变化和新挑战。英国作家V.S.奈保尔的《印度:百万叛变的今天》一书提供了较为翔实、客观的口述史资料。以书中生活在孟买、班加罗尔、马德拉斯、加尔各达等南印度城市中的当代婆罗门阶层作为个案,可探究出其面对传统社会生活中的各个层面发生变动时的态度与应对及个体内在的深层原因,并在一定程度上考察社会变动与文化传统之间的互动关系。     

Goal Ambiguity and Organizational Performance in U.S. Federal Agencies

In spite of numerous observations that government organizationshave high levels of organizational goal ambiguity that exertmajor influences on their other characteristics, few researchershave measured goal ambiguity and tested these frequent assertions.In previous research, we developed measures of four dimensionsof goal ambiguity: mission comprehension ambiguity, directivegoal ambiguity, evaluative goal ambiguity, and priority goalambiguity. Confirming hypotheses developed from the literatureon public organizations, the latter three variables showed relationsto such organizational characteristics as organizational age,financial publicness (proportion of funding from governmentallocations), and regulatory status. This article reports asecond analytical step of examining the relations between thegoal ambiguity dimensions and indicators of organizational performancebased on responses to the 2000 National Partnership for ReinventingGovernment Survey of federal employees. The performance variablesincluded managerial effectiveness, customer service orientation,productivity, and work quality. Regression analyses with numerouscontrol variables found that directive, evaluative, and prioritygoal ambiguity related negatively to managerial effectiveness.All four performance indicators showed significant negativerelationships with evaluative goal ambiguity and directive goalambiguity. The results provide further evidence of the viabilityof the new measures of goal ambiguity, support theory-basedbut previously untested hypotheses, and further indicate thefeasibility and value of analyzing goal ambiguity of governmentorganizations.     

论青海三江源环境治理的重要性

三江源是世界上海拔最高、江河最多、湿地面积最大、生物性最为多样性集中的地区之一,但其生态环境恶化,灾害频繁,生态系统脆弱,严重影响了长江、黄河、澜沧江地区的生产生活安全,因此其治理具有重要意义。     

陇山两侧青铜文化研究——青铜时代西北古代民族考古遗存

本文对陇山两侧古代青铜文化如辛店文化、先周文化、商文化等作了研究,并指出它们与古代西北民族的关系.     

黑车子室韦问题重考──以《会昌一品集》与敦煌藏语文书为据

本文主要利用了《会昌一品集》和敦煌藏语文书中的史料,重新考证了黑车子的族源和早期活动地点等问题。作者反复论证了“黑车子出自室韦”学说的不可信,并得出了黑车子早先活动于蒙古高原以北的结论。     

Survival Convergence and the Preceding Mortality Crossover for Two Population Subgroups

In this paper, we present and develop the argument that if the survival functions for two population subgroups converge in later life, a mortality crossover must precede the occurrence of this convergence. Specifically, two survival curves, S ₁(x) and S ₂(x), associated with two distinct population subgroups, G₁ and G₂, tend to converge before all members die out, as often observed and anticipated. This convergence leads to an increased mortality acceleration for the “advantaged” group, and eventually fosters the occurrence of a mortality crossover. We present a mathematical proof for this relationship and offer several explanations for the mechanisms involved in the process of survival convergence and the preceding mortality crossover. This new presentation demonstrates that mortality crossover is a highly observable demographic event given the trend of survival convergence in later life.     

女娲人首蛇身形象的结构分析

本文通过古籍中对女娲记载的分析,确定大约汉代时人们对女娲人首蛇身的形象已经形成相对一致的认识;并从野性的思维角度重新审视半人半兽形象的由来,认为人首蛇身是思维对自然—文化秩序进行调和的产物,并具体结合女娲神话分析了人首蛇身的来源和内涵,以及蛇身在大母神形象中的意义、蛇多样的象征意义对女娲神格的影响。     

英格兰中世纪的土地保有权和各种身份的土地持有者

中世纪英格兰的土地保有权有着复杂的法律规定性,封建土地关系包含了相应的权利和义务.因之,借助土地法的规定阐述英格兰的土地保有权的类型,以及自由持有农、公簿持有农、租地农、维兰等土地持有者的法律身份及相应的权利和义务,就具有了可操作性.因此,土地法的观察是研究英国农业史的一种不可缺少的思路.     

机构投资者异质性的上市公司股利政策研究

 本文从现金股利政策的角度来研究机构投资者的投资行为和参与上市公司治理的情况。首先回顾了该方面的相关文献,以信号理论为基础,分析机构投资者与现金股利政策可能存在的关系;接着对机构投资者的基本特征以及我国机构投资者和上市公司现金股利政策的概况及特点进行了总结;最后本文以 2007至2010 年的机构投资者持股数据与上市公司现金股利政策数据进行统计分析、回归分析,实证检验了机构投资者异质性与上市公司股利政策之间的关系。     

Bivariate distributions of some ratios of independent noncentral chi-square random variables

The bivariate distributions of three pairs of ratios of in¬dependent noncentral chi-square random variables are considered. These ratios arise in the problem of computing the joint power function of simultaneous F-tests in balanced ANOVA and ANCOVA. The distributions obtained are generalizations to the noncentral case of existing results in the literature. Of particular note is the bivariate noncentral F distribution, which generalizes a special case of Krishnaiah*s (1964,1965) bivariate central F distribution. Explicit formulae for the cdf's of these distribu¬tions are given, along with computational procedures