Risks Perception of Electromagnetic Fields in Taiwan: The Influence of Psychopathology and the Degree of Sensitivity to Electromagnetic Fields

Little is known about the perceived health risks of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and factors associated with risk perception in non‐Western countries. Psychological conditions and risk perception have been postulated as factors that facilitate the attribution of health complaints to environmental factors. This study investigated people's perceived risks of EMFs and other environmental sources, as well as the relationships between risk perception, psychopathology, and the degree of self‐reported sensitivity to EMFs. A total of 1,251 adults selected from a nationwide telephone interviewing system database responded to a telephone survey about the relationships between environmental sources and human health. The interview included questions assessing participants’ psychiatric conditions and the presence and degree of sensitivity to EMFs. One hundred and seventy participants were self‐identified as having sensitivity to EMFs, and 141 met the criteria for psychiatric conditions without EMF sensitivity. More than half of the survey respondents considered power lines and mobile phone base stations to affect people's health to a big extent. Higher sensitivity to EMFs, psychopathology, being female, being married, more years of education, and having a catastrophic illness had positive associations with perceived risks of EMF‐related environmental sources as well as for all environmental sources combined. We observed no moderating effect of psychopathology on the association between degree of sensitivity to EMF and risk perception. Thus, psychopathology had influence on general people's risk perception without having influence on the relationship between people's degree of sensitivity to EMF and risk perception. The plausible explanations are discussed in the text.     

Inferences on the Among-Group Variance Component in Unbalanced Heteroscedastic One-Fold Nested Design

This article studies the hypothesis testing and interval estimation for the among-group variance component in unbalanced heteroscedastic one-fold nested design. Based on the concepts of generalized p-value and generalized confidence interval, tests and confidence intervals for the among-group variance component are developed. Furthermore, some simulation results are presented to compare the performance of the proposed approach with those of existing approaches. It is found that the proposed approach and one of the existing approaches can maintain the nominal confidence level across a wide array of scenarios, and therefore are recommended to use in practical problems. Finally, a real example is illustrated.     

政府在促进跨国企业承担社会责任中的作用

对世界各国政府在跨国公司所承担的社会责任中所担当的角色进行了理论分析,强调了跨国公司的东道国和母国之间的政策差异和相互关系。首先探讨了不同发达国家在企业社会责任领域存在的文化和法律上的差异,另外分析了发展中国家的政府作为跨国公司的东道国对公司承担社会责任产生的影响。最后把中国政府在社会责任的立法和监管方面的现状和世界其他国家的情况进行了比较,并讨论了中国的跨国公司社会责任有关政策和治理方面有可能面临的挑战。     

跨文化交际中的编码和译码

人类社会的跨文化交际由来已久,由于文化的差异,在交际过程中会产生编码和译码的不一致,造成交际的失败.在英语教学中培养学生的跨文化交际能力显得尤为重要.     

高校团建改革与计算机信息化管理

新世纪的高校团建将面临教育观念市场化变革,学生流动性增强,成分多样,团工负荷倍增与团机构却要精简等诸多问题。高校团建改革必须坚持超前、服务、便捷、开放、交叉性原则,立足于信息化、制度化、活动、寓载式建团方向,实行社区、社团、专业课程、专题活动建团新模式与传统的班级建团模式并举策略。并注意解决好电子注册、团费交纳管理、团员奖惩情况记录、信息汇总、网络安全性等团建新模式所必需的计算机信息化管理技术问题。     

解决执行难问题的对策建议

法律制度的供给不足是造成我国执行难的重要原因之一,有效解决执行难,要从制定单独的强制执行法入手,通过重视执行和解的特殊作用,强化媒体曝光、劳务抵债、征信系统＂黑名单＂记录等执行方法和执行措施,并引入检察机关对执行程序的监督机制等。     

论课程政策研究的系统分析框架

本文对课程研究领域———课程政策研究的方法论问题展开研究 ,提出系统分析是进行课程政策研究行之有效的方法 ,它具体分为行为研究、价值研究、规范研究、可行性研究及利益研究 5个分支。     

基于隐喻的英语词汇习得

隐喻作为人类思维和认知世界的方式,与词汇有着密不可分的联系。本文介绍了隐喻与词汇的概念和关系,指出在英语词汇习得中应充分运用隐喻知识,重视基本范畴词汇及其隐喻意义的学习,这样学生的词汇学习才能达到事半功倍的效果。     

Multi-step variance minimization in sequential tests

We introduce a multi-step variance minimization algorithm for numerical estimation of Type I and Type II error probabilities in sequential tests. The algorithm can be applied to general test statistics and easily built into general design algorithms for sequential tests. Our simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm is particularly useful for estimating tail probabilities, and may lead to significant computational efficiency gains over the crude Monte Carlo method.     

Reforming China's social security system: Facts and perspectives

This article overviews the social security reform started shortly after the commencement of the general economic system restructuring in China in 1978. The reform is remarkable not only for its scale in terms of population covered, territory affected and comprehensiveness sought, but also for the difficulties confronted, progress made and confidence achieved. Although there is still a long way to go to fulfil its ambitious ultimate objectives, 14 years of reforming exercises have built up a solid basis for a sound social protection system to be gradually extended to the non-covered population. China now can share its experience with other nations in a similar situation.