Patriarchal capitalism with Chinese characteristics: gendered discourse of ‘Double Eleven’ shopping festival

In this article we consider the Double Eleven shopping festival as a major discursive site where the hegemony of what we call patriarchal capitalism with Chinese characteristics is articulated. The state, the market, the corporations and the media, both mainstream and social media, all played an important role in building up a national spending spree that is deeply embedded in the current class and gender structure of China. The phenomenon of Double Eleven emerged at a time when state capitalism has been overwriting socialist institutions, while patriarchal ideology being further intensified through consumerism. As a consequence, the intersectionality of class and gender becomes increasingly manifest in the Chinese society. We start with a brief overview of the trajectory of gender politics in China since 1949, with specific focus on how the socialist project of seeking gender equality was gradually replaced by the quest for ‘womanhood’ and ‘femininity’. We then discuss, using both secondary sources and our own analysis of news coverage of Double Eleven, why maintaining a high level of consumer demand is of crucial importance for the Chinese state and what the state’s role has been in configuring the hegemonic gender order. A brief section on ideology and discourse lays out the conceptual framework of our analysis. It is at the intersection of a dissipating socialist ethos, emerging economic stagnation and ascending consumerism that the sexist discourse in relation to Double Eleven proliferates, and this is the analytical focus of our empirical section. We elaborate on the theoretical implications of the empirical analysis before concluding.     

Difference-based matrix perturbation method for semi-parametric regression with multicollinearity

This paper addresses the collinearity problems in semi-parametric linear models. Under the difference-based settings, we introduce a new diagnostic, the difference-based variance inflation factor (DVIF), for detecting the presence of multicollinearity in semi-parametric models. The DVIF is then used to device a difference-based matrix perturbation method for solving the problem. The electricities distribution data set is analyzed, and numerical evidences validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Estimation and Inference Procedures for Semiparametric Distribution Models with Varying Linear‐Index

More flexible semiparametric linear‐index regression models are proposed to describe the conditional distribution. Such a model formulation captures varying effects of covariates over the support of a response variable in distribution, offers an alternative perspective on dimension reduction and covers a lot of widely used parametric and semiparameteric regression models. A feasible pseudo likelihood approach, accompanied with a simple and easily implemented algorithm, is further developed for the mixed case with both varying and invariant coefficients. By justifying some theoretical properties on Banach spaces, the uniform consistency and asymptotic Gaussian process of the proposed estimator are also established in this article. In addition, under the monotonicity of distribution in linear‐index, we develop an alternative approach based on maximizing a varying accuracy measure. By virtue of the asymptotic recursion relation for the estimators, some of the achievements in this direction include showing the convergence of the iterative computation procedure and establishing the large sample properties of the resulting estimator. It is noticeable that our theoretical framework is very helpful in constructing confidence bands for the parameters of interest and tests for the hypotheses of various qualitative structures in distribution. Generally, the developed estimation and inference procedures perform quite satisfactorily in the conducted simulations and are demonstrated to be useful in reanalysing data from the Boston house price study and the World Values Survey.     

VIF-based adaptive matrix perturbation method for heteroskedasticity-robust covariance estimators in the presence of multicollinearity

In this study, we investigate linear regression having both heteroskedasticity and collinearity problems. We discuss the properties related to the perturbation method. Important observations are summarized as theorems. We then prove the main result that states the heteroskedasticity-robust variances can be improved and that the resulting bias is minimized by using the matrix perturbation method. We analyze a practical example for validation of the method.     

广西壮族刑事和解特色研究

在广西壮族聚居区,壮族同胞长期在特定的生产生活环境下形成了独具特色的习惯法,但其中一些内容与刑法规定相冲突.因此,如何消弭刑法与壮族习惯法之间的冲突成为壮族聚居区维持良好社会秩序和实现法治的重要保障.由于壮族习惯法与刑事和解在某些方面具有相当程度的契合,因此可以通过刑事和解制度在广西壮族聚居区的改良,并根据刑法规定,可以根据壮族地区政治、经济、文化的特点和刑法的基本原则,在壮族聚居区变通适用刑法,充分结合壮族习惯法的实际情况对我国刑事和解制度进行有特色的改良和实施,最终实现刑事和解制度在壮族聚居区进行独具特色的构建和发挥独特的作用.     

被迫好评情景下消费者后续行为意愿研究

在社交网络不断兴起的环境下,越来越多的企业试图以物质奖励促使消费者进行好评以实现口碑营销,物质奖励涉及赠品、现金、价格折扣等各种形式。企业激励口碑的活动是指一家企业对“消费者对消费者”沟通的主动管理,被广泛地应用于各类面向消费者的企业,而好评返利的口碑激励模式难免被框定于回避框架下,即消费者为了避免损失而不得不在线发布正面口碑,已有关于被动口碑传播的研究主要从积极方面探讨如何利用物质奖励促进口碑传播。 在已有研究的基础上补充物质奖励对消费者口碑影响的消极方面,以心理抗拒理论和认知一致性理论为基础,以被动口碑传播为研究视角,探讨消费者在被迫实施好评之后的后续行为意愿及其影响机制。在两个行为学实验中,分别选取在职学生和普通消费者为研究样本,通过SPSS软件进行方差分析、回归分析和Bootstrap中介效应分析。 研究结果表明,①在被迫好评的情景下,抗拒体验消极影响消费者的后续行为意愿,如降低未来的口碑推荐意愿、增加删去被迫评论意愿;②产品的实际体验与口碑内容的一致性感知积极影响后续行为意愿,这一过程受到抗拒体验的中介作用;③与抗拒特质较弱的消费者相比,抗拒特质较强的消费者更倾向于产生消极的后续行为意愿;④消费者的抗拒特质调节实际体验与口碑内容的一致性感知对后续行为意愿的影响,抗拒特质较强时一致性感知对后续行为意愿的影响较低。 研究结果为企业实施激励式口碑营销提供了理论指导,丰富和发展了口碑营销和心理抗拒理论。研究结论启示企业在使用好评返利的营销策略时,应当尽可能框定于“好评则得到”而非“不好评则损失”的框架下。如果产品或服务非常依赖于消费者的重复购买行为,那么被迫好评会消极影响消费者的整体满意度并抑制后续的购买行为。商家必须认识到被迫好评的消极影响,虽然产品或服务的积极体验可以有效抑制消费者产生消极的行为反应,但是却不会对所有消费者有效,比如那些抗拒特质较强的消费者。     

A lower bound for the adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem

Adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (A2E-CVRP) proposed in this paper is a variant of the classical 2E-CVRP. Comparing to 2E-CVRP, A2E-CVRP has multiple depots and allows the vehicles to serve customers directly from the depots. Hence, it has more efficient solution and adapt to real-world environment. This paper gives a mathematical formulation for A2E-CVRP and derives a lower bound for it. The lower bound is used for deriving an upper bound subsequently, which is also an approximate solution of A2E-CVRP. Computational results on benchmark instances show that the A2E-CVRP outperforms the classical 2E-CVRP in the costs of routes.     

Impact of metabolic syndrome and its components on kidney stone in aging Taiwanese males

Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MtS) and kidney stone are two common aging diseases with male dominant. This is the first study regarding the potential impact of MtS and its components on kidney stone in aging Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 694 males with a mean age of 55.6 years were enrolled. The definition of MtS was according to the modified criteria developed by the Bureau of Health Promotion in Taiwan. Subjects were classified as having a disease of kidney stones according to diagnosis by a physician with available medical records or evidence from ultrasonography judged by an investigator of urologist.

Results: Using age-adjusted multivariate logistic regression analysis, our results showed that subjects with kidney stone had significantly higher prevalence of MtS (p?=?0.04, OR?=?1.74, 95% CI: 1.0 1–3.00). The presence of MtS had significant correlation with kidney stone (p?=?0.01, OR?=?1.83, 95% CI: 1.1 4–2.93), which were associated with the increment of MtS components (p?p?Conclusions: In aging Taiwanese males, the presence of MtS and its components are strongly associated with kidney stone. Abnormal BP is the most significant risk component of MtS for kidney stone.     

Discrimination and incorporation of Taiwanese indigenous Austronesian peoples

This paper examines contemporary developments among Taiwan’s indigenous Austronesian peoples. We have reviewed major policy changes mainly since the 1980s and their impacts on later developments – both the positive improvements in general well-being and the persistence of ingrained problems among them. Major findings indicate two growing trends among Taiwanese Austronesians. One is the rise of interest in their cultures and efforts to preserve and restore selected indigenous customs and practices. The other trend is a continuous outflow of the indigenes from traditional tribal communities to urban centers for better employment, education, or health care. Their increasing urbanization also contributes to more inter-ethnic marriages and the loss of indigenous languages and practices. The case of Taiwanese Austronesians illustrates the impacts historical and politico-economic processes are having on indigenous peoples.     

高校爱国主义教育生活化的价值及其实践取向

生活是教育的源泉,实行生活化的教育已成为当前教育改革与发展的共识。高校爱国主义教育生活化的提出不仅符合爱国主义教育的内在逻辑,也是高校思想政治教育生活化的有力支撑、爱国主义教育与时俱进的创新基点和促进大学生全面发展的内在需求。教育目标、教育内容和教育途径的生活化是高校爱国主义教育生活化的三个基本实践取向。