21世纪以来我国民族语言政策与规划研究文献的计量分析

本文运用文献计量软件Citespace对CNKI数据库中民族语言政策与规划领域的核心期刊文献进行了系统的可视化分析,绘制了国内该领域研究热点的聚类图谱及热点词演进趋势图谱,并从年代、作者及机构等方面进行了数据解读。通过研究能够直观、清晰地得出我国民族语言政策与规划研究的研究现状和不足。针对研究方法单一,视角单一以及研究不成体系等问题,提出针对性的建议,可为今后相关领域的研究提供参考和借鉴。     

Latent Character Strength Profile and Grouping Effects

Social Indicators Research - Previous studies have shown that personality types may lead to different health status. The current study aims to refine a previous typological profile of strength...     

The effect of urbanization gradients and forest types on microclimatic regulation by trees,in association with climate,tree sizes and species compositions in Harbin city,northeastern China

Urban Ecosystems - Rapid urbanization and climate change require stronger microclimatic regulation by urban trees, and maximizing their cooling, humidifying, and shading functions requires an exact...     

基于限制合作博弈的产业集群企业利益分配研究

产业集群内部企业组成协同创新联盟是促进联盟合作的有效途径,然而影响联盟企业合作最为关键的因素是如何合理公平的对联盟的利益进行分配。考虑联盟中企业合作能力为灰色信息且企业之间的依赖关系具有不完整性,本文首先,基于灰色系统理论定义了灰色授权算子;其次,运用Choquet积分对企业之间的依赖关系进行集成;再将这种依赖关系信息和Shapley模型结合起来建立了具有灰色授权机制的限制合作博弈模型,并证明了该模型满足有效性、对称性、可加性和哑元性公理。最后通过算例说明了该模型的可行性和实用性。     

扩大的家族——藏族民间组织沙尼调查

沙尼是甘南藏区一种独特的民间组织,它类似于汉族的家族,但在结构与功能上又有明显扩大。沙尼可区分为亲房沙尼和田地沙尼,亲沙尼、一般沙尼与外沙尼,也有伴随民间互助需求而出现的"新沙尼"。反映在实际运行中,不同沙尼又体现出不同的特征和结构,一些沙尼有自己的山神,有共同的祭祀活动,在民间红白事、盖房等人生重大事件中发挥着重要作用,对分家、纠纷调解等也有重要影响。沙尼有悠久的历史,不同时期表现出不同特征。新时期发展趋势主要表现在三个方面:分家导致沙尼的结构扩大;外出打工造成传统职能弱化,总体影响力下降;血缘向社区互助组织转化的特色更加明显。沙尼对农村社区和谐与稳定有着不可替代的重要作用。     

The Reproduction of Gender Inequality in Sweden: A Causal Mechanism Approach

In many respects, Sweden is maybe the country where public policies to increase the equality between men and women have been most prolonged and advanced. In 1996 the UN declared Sweden to be the most gender‐equal country in the world. However, women still take much more responsibility for children and domestic work than men do, leading to the reproduction of gender inequality in the labour market and in society at large. A causal mechanism is used to analyse this phenomenon, starting from the observation that men are on average three years older than women and thus already have a stronger position on the labour market when a heterosexual couple is formed. This increases the risk that the woman will lose the first negotiations on how to divide household and wage labour when they have children. This will in turn lead to increasing returns for the man, increasing the risk that she will lose subsequent negotiations about the division of labour. What seems to be a rational arrangement for both (increasing the total income for the family) results in the reproduction of gender inequality. The analysis shows that gender inequality in a country like Sweden is reproduced behind the backs of the agents.     

对推动高校学雷锋活动常态化的思考

大学生正处于世界观、人生观、价值观形成的关键时期,迫切需要先进典型的感召与引领、崇高精神的激励与熏陶。高校应结合当前学雷锋活动情况,创新学习教育内容,加强开展学雷锋活动意义、雷锋先进事迹和雷锋精神内涵的教育：采取丰富多彩的形式,在学习教育活动、校园文化建设和志愿者服务实践中,大力弘扬和积极践行雷锋精神;完善科学高效机制,构建和完善常态化组织领导、政策制度和科学评价机制,推动学雷锋活动常态化,使高校在学雷锋活动中始终走在全社会的前列。     

“蚁族”毕业生群体对高校稳定的影响与对策

高校稳定与否历来是社会状态的“晴雨表”和“风向标”。随着我国社会城市化、人口结构转变、劳动力市场转型、高等教育体制改革等一系列社会因素的变化,高校毕业生就业形势不容乐观,尤其是“蚁族”毕业生群体问题日益凸显且备受关注,现已演变成为高校稳定所面临的一个重要而又迫切的现实问题。该文在对“蚁族”毕业生群体生存现状实地调研的基础上,进一步探讨该群体对高校稳定的深层次影响,从政府、高校和学生三个层面探索解决问题的主要对策。     

Long periods with uninterrupted muscle activity related to neck and shoulder pain

The aim was to analyze the relationship between periods with uninterrupted neck muscle activity for ≥ 4 min and neck and shoulder pain. The trapezius muscle activity was recorded bilaterally on 40 young workers and students during a full shift. Neck and shoulder pain, mechanical work load and decision control were reported at the same time as the muscle activity recording and 6 months later. A dose-response relationship was found between uninterrupted muscle activity and neck and shoulder pain, with a ten-fold higher risk for the group with more than half, compared to less than a third, of the shift with uninterrupted muscle activity. Self-reported mechanical work load showed a small but protective effect related to pain. Gender and decision control did not emerge as important risk factors in this model. In conclusion, this study indicates that work or other exposures that contains long periods with uninterrupted neck muscle activity of 4 min duration or longer should be minimized to reduce risk of neck and shoulder pain.     

从华夏高台建筑看藏羌古碉的起源

藏羌古碉是四川西北部高原地区的先民高超石砌技艺的结晶,华夏高台建筑则是华夏地区人民勤劳和智慧的象征,二者都属于中国古老的高层建筑文化,起源有相似之处,华夏高台建筑为我们了解藏羌古碉的起源提供了一把钥匙.由于华夏高台建筑已没有实物存在,现存的藏羌古碉又成了了解华夏高台建筑的实物标本.