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201.
202.
This study examines the relationship between financial strain and depressive symptoms in later life, and potential psychosocial
mediators of this relationship. Drawing on a sample of 214 low-income Latino older adults, we used structural equation modeling
to test the direct effect of chronic financial strain on depressive symptomatology, and the indirect effects via social support,
negative interaction, and coping styles. Findings indicated that financial strain increased the level of depressive symptoms
among this sample. Avoidance and approach-related coping styles emerged as independent determinants of depressive symptoms
albeit in opposite directions; higher levels of avoidance coping was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms.
Contrary to previous findings on the general population, findings from the current study indicate that social support and
negative interaction were not directly associated with depressive symptoms. Financial strain mediated the effect of sociocultural
(nativity status, years of U.S. residence) and social status factors (age, education) on depressive symptoms. This study highlights
the differential impact of financial strain and coping styles on psychological well-being, and the potential psychosocial
targets of interventions for older adults with chronic health care conditions. 相似文献
203.
Luís Santos-Pinto 《Theory and Decision》2009,66(4):317-343
Research in psychology suggests that some individuals are more sensitive to positive than to negative information while others
are more sensitive to negative rather than positive information. I take these cognitive positive–negative asymmetries in information
processing to a Bayesian decision-theory model and explore its consequences in terms of decisions and payoffs. I show that
in monotone decision problems economic agents with more positive-responsive information structures are always better off,
ex ante, when they face problems where payoffs are relatively more sensitive to the action chosen when the state of nature
is favorable.
相似文献
204.
Jorge Alberto Achcar Emílio Augusto Coelho-Barros Josmar Mazucheli 《Journal of applied statistics》2013,40(9):1864-1874
This paper presents estimates for the parameters included in the Block and Basu bivariate lifetime distributions in the presence of covariates and cure fraction, applied to analyze survival data when some individuals may never experience the event of interest and two lifetimes are associated with each unit. A Bayesian procedure is used to get point and confidence intervals for the unknown parameters. Posterior summaries of interest are obtained using standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods in rjags package for R software. An illustration of the proposed methodology is given for a Diabetic Retinopathy Study data set. 相似文献
205.
René M. Bakker 《国际管理评论杂志》2010,12(4):466-486
This paper brings together the research on temporary organizational forms. Despite a recent surge in publications on this topic, there have been few attempts to integrate knowledge on what we know of such temporary forms of organization. In order to correct this, an integrative framework is proposed around four central themes: time, team, task and context. Within each of these themes, the paper offers an overview of the literature, the gaps in what we know, and what future directions might be taken by scholars hoping to contribute to this important and rapidly growing field. 相似文献
206.
Prof. Dr. Dodo zu Knyphausen-Aufseß Dipl.-Kfm. René Linke Dipl.-Kffr. Petra Nikol 《Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft》2010,80(5):561-609
Unions, particularly in Germany, are the subject matter of intense public debates as well as discussions in academic research, which corroborate the former. The last systematically conducted analysis of the status quo in academic research was done in spring 2001. In view of the rather dramatic symptoms of the crisis German unions are facing, it is time to incorporate the latest results of scientific research. This paper addresses this task against the background of a systematic literature review. Three application areas are distilled out of a total of 79 pieces of research that are considered relevant and intensively discussed: (1) the membership in German unions, (2) the unions in the German system of industrial relations and (3) the reformation of the German unions. The detected symptoms of the unions' crisis are impressively documented and explained by the studies. However, shortcomings regarding the respective research questions and the development of recommendations for future courses of action for the unions can also be identified. 相似文献
207.
208.
Beltrán Roca Martínez 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2009,20(2):203-218
Because of its recent and rapid growth, the Spanish development apparatus provides an appropriate arena for studying nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). This article uses case studies of three NGOs—Manos Unidas, Intermón Oxfam, and Madre Coraje—to explore the tension between the internal and external dynamics that affect these organizations. Although powerful external forces promote structural isomorphism with its attendant bureaucratization and professionalization, several internal factors—youth, small size, certain ideologies, charismatic leaders, and privileging identification with the organization rather than expertise when recruiting participants—resist these homogenizing processes. DiMaggio and Powell's iron cage hypothesis (1983) therefore can be only partially confirmed. We suggest an intriguing, intimate connection between charisma and democracy. 相似文献
209.
The decline of fertility in Czechoslovakia on the territory of the Czech Socialist Republic began with a rise in the age at marriage; the decline of marital fertility began only after 1860. On the territory of the Slovak Socialist Republic marital fertility began to decline after 1900 without previous significant changes in the age at marriage. The differences between the demographic behaviour in the two parts of Czechoslovakia have persisted, although they are now gradually disappearing. There are other significant regional differences in the fertility decline caused by the overall process of economic and social development. The end of the demographic transition in the Czech Socialist Republic came during the 1930's and in the Slovak Socialist Republic during the 1960's. 相似文献
210.
André Lucas 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(10):2363-2380
This paper considers the robustness properties in the time series context of the least median of squares (LMS) estimator. The influence function of the LMS estimator is derived under additive outlier contamination. This influence function is redescending and bounded for fixed values of the AR parameters. The gross-error sensitivity, however, is an unbounded function of the AR parameters. In order to asses the global robustness behavior of the LMS estimator, we consider several notions of breakdown. The breakdown points of the LMS estimator depend on the value of the underlying AR parameter. Generally, the breakdown point is below one half for high values of the AR parameter. The bias curves of the LMS estimator reveal, however, that the magnitude of outliers has to be considerable in order to cause breakdown. 相似文献