全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2526篇 |
免费 | 76篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 277篇 |
民族学 | 30篇 |
人口学 | 316篇 |
丛书文集 | 4篇 |
理论方法论 | 167篇 |
综合类 | 23篇 |
社会学 | 1200篇 |
统计学 | 585篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 45篇 |
2022年 | 32篇 |
2021年 | 42篇 |
2020年 | 123篇 |
2019年 | 114篇 |
2018年 | 221篇 |
2017年 | 217篇 |
2016年 | 178篇 |
2015年 | 96篇 |
2014年 | 137篇 |
2013年 | 482篇 |
2012年 | 232篇 |
2011年 | 90篇 |
2010年 | 75篇 |
2009年 | 71篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 37篇 |
2006年 | 56篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 34篇 |
2003年 | 27篇 |
2002年 | 36篇 |
2001年 | 21篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2602条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
221.
The estimation of variance-covariance matrices through optimization of an objective function, such as a log-likelihood function, is usually a difficult numerical problem. Since the estimates should be positive semi-definite matrices, we must use constrained optimization, or employ a parametrization that enforces this condition. We describe here five different parametrizations for variance-covariance matrices that ensure positive definiteness, thus leaving the estimation problem unconstrained. We compare the parametrizations based on their computational efficiency and statistical interpretability. The results described here are particularly useful in maximum likelihood and restricted maximum likelihood estimation in linear and non-linear mixed-effects models, but are also applicable to other areas of statistics. 相似文献
222.
223.
R. Doallo-Biempica B. B. Fraguela-Rodríguez A. Quintela-Del-Río 《Statistics and Computing》1996,6(4):347-351
The simulation of statistical models in a computer is a fundamental aspect of research in the field of nonparametric curve estimation. Methods such as the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) or WARP (Weighted Average of Rounded Points) have been developed and analysed for computer implementation of the different techniques in this realm, with the aim of reducing the computation time as much as possible. In this work we analyse two techniques with this objective. These are the vectorization of the source code in which the different algorithms are implemented, and their distributed execution. It can be observed that the vectorization of the programs can improve the results obtained with techniques such as the FFT or WARP, or, in some cases, can prevent the use of these. 相似文献
224.
André I. Khuri 《Journal of applied statistics》2005,32(9):887-908
Slack-variable models are compared against Scheffé's polynomial model for mixture experiments. The notion of model equivalence and the use of various diagnostic measures provide effective tools in making such comparisons, particularly when the experimental region is highly constrained. It is demonstrated that the choice of the best fitting model, through variable selection, depends on which mixture component is selected as a slack variable, and on the size of the fitted model. In addition, the equivalence of two well-known representations of a complete mixture model is shown to be valid. Two numerical examples are presented. 相似文献
225.
Matteo Goldoni Maria Vittoria Vettori Rossella Alinovi rea Caglieri Sandra Ceccatelli Antonio Mutti 《Risk analysis》2003,23(3):505-514
In risk assessment, no observed exposure level (NOAEL) and benchmark dose (BMD) are usually derived either from epidemiological studies in humans or from animal experiments. In many in vitro studies, concentration-effect/response curves have been analyzed using different mathematical models finalized to the identification of EC50. In the present article, we propose a model to fit dose-response curves in vitro. The BMD approach has been used to compare the cell viability (MIT assay) of different rat (C6 and PC12, glial and neuronal, respectively) and human cell lines (D384 and SK-N-MC, glial and neuronal, respectively) after 24-hour exposure to the following neurotoxic substances: manganese chloride (MnCl2), methyl-mercury (Me-Hg), and the enantiomers of styrene oxide (SO). For all rat and human cell lines, the potency of the examined compounds was: MnCl2 < S-SO < R-SO < Me-Hg. A preliminary comparison with in vivo toxicity data for these substances gave rise to consistent results. Whereas a reasonable agreement between in vitro and in vivo data has been found for Mn and styrene oxide, a wide scatter of LOAEL has been reported for Me-Hg and these appear to be either much higher or lower than the BMD for the MIT assay we observed in vitro. 相似文献
226.
This article explores why women delay childbearing and increase their likelihood to remain childless in Spain, Italy, West
Germany and France. We take a macro–micro perspective and show that national institutions influence women’s life transitions,
in particular partnership and motherhood. For coupled women, we find two alternative modes out of childlessness. In countries
with high direct and indirect child costs, like Spain and Italy, entering a male-breadwinner couple or occupying a stable
and high-income position facilitates motherhood, while in the French context motherhood is most likely in a dual-earner partnership.
相似文献
227.
Emília Rodrigues Araújo 《Gender, Work and Organization》2008,15(5):477-503
Using the data collected from research carried out at two Portuguese universities, this article highlights the way university lecturers currently deal with space and time. Their professional activity is not externally subjected to a specific time geometry that defines their working day. Teaching and researching time–spaces are basically task oriented. Furthermore, university lecturers are increasingly requested to perform tasks in very short time periods in order to secure financial support. To a certain extent, this pressure upon their work is facilitated by the use of technology. However, technology also causes a profound reconfiguration of working times and spaces, especially because it allows lecturers to work at any time from anywhere. This not only renders university physical spaces and times virtual, but it also leads to the colonization of several other time–spaces of their social lives. This article analyses the ambivalence and difficulty of managing time–spaces, as described by the lecturers themselves, with the objective of providing a more accurate awareness of the implications of technology on their lives, as well as the hazards of the progressive externalization of academic work, particularly for women. 相似文献
228.
Robert J. Antonio 《The Sociological quarterly》1983,24(3):325-351
This paper describes the nature of critical theory, its historical development, its connections to sociology and Marxism, and the central debates over its core ideas. 相似文献
229.
230.