高校拔尖创新人才培养模式探讨

新时期,高等学校人才培养的根本目的应是培养拔尖创新人才。拔尖创新人才的培养应该突出对学生创新素质的要求,在教学和科研的指导中贯彻因材施教的教育原则,在学生学习、生活和校园文化活动中,激励学生的自主学习和创新意识。高校自身应该完善激励机制,健全各项保障工作,完善学生创新平台体系。     

再问“艺术是什么?”

本文分析了制约人们继续追问"艺术是什么"的原因,梳理、评析了前人关于"艺术是什么"的解答,从本质研究"多解论"的立场出发,提出了"艺术是对于有意味的图谋的尚美求新的表述"的观点,并对这一新解的包容性、排它性和引导性进行了阐述。     

Efficient and flexible model-based clustering of jumps in diffusion processes

Jump–diffusion processes involving diffusion processes with discontinuous movements, called jumps, are widely used to model time-series data that commonly exhibit discontinuity in their sample paths. The existing jump–diffusion models have been recently extended to multivariate time-series data. The models are, however, still limited by a single parametric jump-size distribution that is common across different subjects. Such strong parametric assumptions for the shape and structure of a jump-size distribution may be too restrictive and unrealistic for multiple subjects with different characteristics. This paper thus proposes an efficient Bayesian nonparametric method to flexibly model a jump-size distribution while borrowing information across subjects in a clustering procedure using a nested Dirichlet process. For efficient posterior computation, a partially collapsed Gibbs sampler is devised to fit the proposed model. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a simulation study and an application to daily stock price data for companies in the S&P 100 index from June 2007 to June 2017.     

Breaking bad news with CONSOLE: Toward a framework integrating medical protocols with crisis communication

This paper develops the CONSOLE (Coherence, Orientation, Nuance, Support, Ongoing, Leadership, Emotions) framework to guide practitioners on how to break bad news effectively to stakeholders during crises. Arguably the first study integrating well-established medical protocols such as SPIKES (Baile et al., 2000) and COMFORT (Villagran et al., 2010) with crisis communication literature, the CONSOLE framework is applied on four aviation crises to examine the manner in which organizations communicate bad news on social media platforms, which are increasingly used to communicate with stakeholders (Siah, Bansal & Pang, 2010). Data was obtained during the height of the crises (Vasterman, 2005) from official Twitter and Facebook pages of Malaysia Airlines, AirAsia and Asiana Airlines. Findings showed that the airlines’ communication of bad news to stakeholders suffer from emotional deficit. Practitioners can use the CONSOLE framework to break bad news in a holistic and empathetic manner during crises.     

创建和谐家庭,营造和谐社会

和谐家庭,对个人和社会的健康发展具有重要作用。改革开放以来,由于我国经济结构的转型和中西文化的交流、碰撞和融合,我国的家庭观念、家庭结构、家庭功能等发生了重大变化,家庭问题也日益突出,对家庭的健康发展和社会的和谐产生了重要影响,因而认真对待我国家庭存在的问题,重塑现代人和谐幸福的家庭生活是非常必要的。     

Remarriage,Delayed Marriage,and Black/White Intermarriage, 1968–1995

How have changes in marriage order and marriage timing affected 1968–1995 trends in United States Black/White intermarriage? Researchers usually follow a one-sex perspective on the effects of timing and marriage order on marital selection, arguing that delayed marriages and remarriages will be more heterogamous than early or first marriages. This paper shows that a one-sex perspective is oversimplified and that assortative marriage with respect to race depends on the interaction of both husband’s and wife’s characteristics. Marriages that match with respect to age or marriage order tend to also match with respect to race. First marriages and remarriages for both partners are more likely to be same-race marriages. Marriages that are intermarriages with respect to marriage order are more likely to also be intermarriages with respect to race. Marriages that are usual age combinations (husband and wife similar in age or husband slightly older) are also usual race combinations (husband and wife same race). Marriages that are unusual age combinations are more likely to be racial intermarriages. This paper also shows that trends in remarriage patterns do not account for the increasing trend in racial intermarriage and that trends in marriage timing have actually slowed increases in racial intermarriage.     

Algorithms for connected <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-centdian problem on block graphs

We consider the facility location problem of locating a set \(X_p\) of p facilities (resources) on a network (or a graph) such that the subnetwork (or subgraph) induced by the selected set \(X_p\) is connected. Two problems on a block graph G are proposed: one problem is to minimizes the sum of its weighted distances from all vertices of G to \(X_p\), another problem is to minimize the maximum distance from each vertex that is not in \(X_p\) to \(X_p\) and, at the same time, to minimize the sum of its distances from all vertices of G to \(X_p\). We prove that the first problem is linearly solvable on block graphs with unit edge length. For the second problem, it is shown that the set of Pareto-optimal solutions of the two criteria has cardinality not greater than n, and can be obtained in \(O(n^2)\) time, where n is the number of vertices of the block graph G.     

Intra‐ and Interracial Best Friendships During Middle School: Links to Social and Emotional Well‐being

This study examined patterns of intra‐ and interracial best friendships during middle school and their associations with social and emotional well‐being. We hypothesized that intraracial friendships would be beneficial for racial or ethnic minority youth because such relationships provide protection and solidarity in a discriminatory society. Results revealed that most youth had only intraracial best friends during middle school, but 38% had at least one interracial best friend. Associations between interracial best friendships and well‐being varied by racial group; Black and Asian American youth with only interracial best friends reported lower emotional well‐being than those with only intraracial best friends. Additionally, intraracial best friendships were associated with higher conflict than interracial best friendships, especially for Black and Latino youth.     

SiZer analysis for the comparison of time series

SiZer (SIgnificant ZERo crossing of the derivatives) is a scale-space visualization tool for statistical inferences. In this paper we introduce a graphical device, which is based on SiZer, for the test of the equality of the mean of two time series. The estimation of the quantile in a confidence interval is theoretically justified by advanced distribution theory. The extension of the proposed method to the comparison of more than two time series is also done using residual analysis. A broad numerical study is conducted to demonstrate the sample performance of the proposed tool. In addition, asymptotic properties of SiZer for the comparison of two time series are investigated.     

论军训中开设定向越野训练的价值

开展定向越野训练具有诸多重要军训价值,能使学生在掌握用图能力,提高身体素质、越野技能和心理素质。野外适应能力等各方面均得到提高。通过定向越野训练,学生在定向越野中形成的各种优良素质均可迁移到学习和生活中,产生顺向迁移效应,对学生学习和将来工作产生积极的影响。