Lower Bounds on Integrated Risk,Subject to Inequality Constraints

Statistical decision theory can sometimes be used to find, via a least favourable prior distribution, a statistical procedure that attains the minimax risk. This theory also provides, using an ‘unfavourable prior distribution’, a very useful lower bound on the minimax risk. In the late 1980s, Kempthorne showed how, using a least favourable prior distribution, a specified integrated risk can sometimes be minimised, subject to an inequality constraint on a different risk. Specifically, he was concerned with the solution of a minimax‐Bayes compromise problem (‘compromise decision theory’). Using an unfavourable prior distribution, Kabaila & Tuck ( 2008 ), provided a very useful lower bound on an integrated risk, subject to an inequality constraint on a different risk. We extend this result to the case of multiple inequality constraints on specified risk functions and integrated risks. We also describe a new and very effective method for the computation of an unfavourable prior distribution that leads to a very useful lower bound. This method is simply to maximize the lower bound directly with respect to the unfavourable prior distribution. Not only does this method result in a relatively tight lower bound, it is also fast because it avoids the repeated computation of the global maximum of a function with multiple local maxima. The advantages of this computational method are illustrated using the problems of bounding the performance of a point estimator of (i) the multivariate normal mean and (ii) the univariate normal mean.     

中本贯通下数学导学案的教学实践研究

针对"中本贯通"这一新的培养模式下如何开展数学教学展开了研究。采用皮亚杰建构主义理论,以培养学生的预习能力、学习习惯和学习能力为着眼点,从2014年9月起,通过六个阶段的教学实践研究,采用基于导学案的"六步"课堂结构,设计得到了从课内到课外的教学流程和方法。教学实践研究结果表明,导学案数学教学法唤醒了学生主体意识和学习方式的转变,有效培养了学生在学习新课之前的预习能力和学习能力。     

A comparison of the practices used by human resource development professionals to evaluate web-based and classroom-based training programmes within seven Korean companies

The purpose of the study was to compare the practices used by human resource development (HRD) professionals to evaluate web-based and classroom-based training (CBT) programmes within seven Korean companies. This study used four components of evaluation and three factors of evaluation barriers to compare the differences between these two training approaches. This study also explored the key decision factors for determining how HRD professionals evaluated their web-based and CBT programmes. Two data sets were used for the study; one set of data was gathered from a survey questionnaire distributed to HRD professionals and the other was gathered from interviews with HR/HRD directors within the seven companies. The results showed that web-based and CBT programmes were not meaningfully different on the most components of evaluation and evaluation barriers. The results also found six key decision factors determining evaluation for web-based and CBT programmes.     

乡村振兴战略实施中基层少数民族精英的融入机制与作用研究

乡村振兴战略实施过程中,“国家—民族精英—少数民族群众”的结构框架下,不同主体之间的关系更加复杂。根据村庄人口外流程度和村庄内部机械结合强度的不同可将村庄分为四种类型。类型不同,村庄内部民族精英的存在状态及相互关系也不尽相同。民族精英融入乡村振兴战略要注意人的参与和规则的供给。民族地区的乡村能否振兴,一个“度”的把握很关键,即少数民族民众的动员程度。民族精英的重要性恰在于组织与引领少数民族民众。国家要依赖民族精英,但同时也要注意民族精英挟“民族话语”自重的动机与目的,通过体制机制创新来规范民族精英的活动,防止民族精英的利益集团化。     

基于合规性的企业社会责任信息披露策略分析

依托合规性理论,以A股食品饮料业上市公司为研究对象,采用内容分析法,对其公开发布的2012年社会责任报告进行披露程度与披露策略的实证分析。结果表明,同一行业中,社会责任关注度高的子行业披露了相对多的企业社会责任信息,并已初步显现出更愿意采取“尝试改变外界看法”、“通过感情诉求等方式转移注意力”,以及“试图改变外界合规性预期”等披露策略的倾向。     

Distributions of Runs Revisited

Distributions of runs have important applications in many fields, including biological sequence analysis. The generating function (GF) method provides a unified approach to tackle different run-related problems in multistate trials. By utilizing this method, various run-related distributions are derived in a systematic way for both conditional and unconditional models. The GF approach also naturally yields the asymptotic distributions. For all the distributions considered, the limiting distributions are Gaussian, with mean, variance, and covariance linear functions in the size of the system.     

“五横五纵”矩阵型机械原理教学模式的探索与实践

建立“五横五纵”矩阵型机械原理教学新体系,旨在培养具有综合能力的个性化创新人才。所谓“五横”,即通过机械原理理论与实践教学所要培养的学生的五种基本知识与技能,包括基础理论知识、工程实践能力、分析计算能力、软件应用能力和创新设计能力;“五纵”即机械原理教学的五个关键环节,包括课堂教学、实验教学、课程设计、大作业和创新设计比赛。“五横五纵”矩阵型机械原理教学模式是一个开放性的、密切关联的网络体系;矩阵中的每一个节点代表了某一教学环节对学生基本能力的培养。     

社会主义核心价值体系：和谐社区文化建设之根本——对全国文化先进社区潘庄社区的调查与思考

社会主义核心价值体系是社会主义意识形态的本质体现。潘庄作为全国文化先进社区,以马克思主义的最新理论成果为指导,以社会主义先进文化为支撑,通过实实在在的工作和丰富多彩的活动,形成了独具特色的社区文化。潘庄社区以社会主义核心价值体系推进和谐社区建设的经验表明,社会主义核心价值体系是和谐社区文化建设的根本。     

“日本模式”的核心与政府干预

"日本模式"是战后作为资本主义后进国的日本,以引进外国先进技术主导下的技术革新为核心,凭借以"市场失败论"为理论根据的政府干预,实行一系列超常规政策,推动技术进步、产业升级和经济增长,最终实现高速追赶欧美的经济发展模式.实施强有力的政府干预是"日本模式"的重要特征之一,为确保这一模式的顺利运行,特别是推动以技术引进为主导的技术革新发挥了重要作用.今天,"日本模式"依然值得那些还处于追赶型现代化进程的发展中国家借鉴.