Diana Fu: Mobilizing Without the Masses: Control and Contention in China

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations -     

Resolving Rabin’s paradox

We present a theoretical model of Rabin’s famous calibration paradox that resolves confusions in the literature and that makes it possible to identify the causes of the paradox. Using suitable experimental stimuli, we show that the paradox truly violates expected utility and that it is caused by reference dependence. Rabin already showed that utility curvature alone cannot explain his paradox. We, more strongly, do not find any contribution of utility curvature to the explanation of the paradox. We find no contribution of probability weighting either. We conclude that Rabin’s paradox underscores the importance of reference dependence.

     

Experiential Logic in the Transformation of Contemporary China’s Social Governance*

How does Chinese society maintain its orderly operation and show stability and harmony to the utmost while China rapidly transforms its economic system and international circumstances become increasingly complicated? This is an important question that this essay tries to answer, and the analysis mainly involves the exploratory practice of the transformation of Chinese social governance. This exploratory practice is a process through which China constantly breaks through the traditional blockades of vested interests, overcomes newly formed challenges, and forms a new Chinese-style “one axis and multiple components” pattern of social governance during its rapid re-establishment of both social relationship structure and social psychology order on the unbalanced and insufficient conditions of development within its vast territory. During this process, the constant return to the CPC’s mass line, as well as the “mechanism of reversed transmission of pressure,” the “anticipation-led mechanism” and the “mechanism of turning crisis into opportunity” that the CPC has improved during its long-term revolutionary struggles and its deepening of reform and opening-up, has played an important part. The simplistic duplication of Western theoretical analytic paradigms cannot explain the experiential mechanism for the transformation of social governance, which is peculiar to China. The creation of research framework of “system and life” is just an effort for comparison and dialogues with Western classical theories. It is not only helpful for the development of sociology about Chinese transformation, but will provide new knowledge for worldwide social transformation.     

Sex differences in the development of mild cognitive impairment and probable Alzheimer’s disease as predicted by hippocampal volume or white matter hyperintensities

This study examined biological sex differences in the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and probable Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development as predicted by changes in the hippocampus or white matter hyperintensities. A secondary data analysis of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set was conducted. We selected samples of participants with normal cognition at baseline who progressed to MCI (n = 483) and those who progressed to probable AD (n = 211) to determine if hippocampal volume or white matter hyperintensities (WMH) at baseline predicted progression to probable AD or MCI and whether the rate of progression differed between men and women. The survival analyses indicated that changes in hippocampal volumes affected the progression to probable AD (HR = 0.535, 95% CI [0.300–0.953]) only among women. White men had an increased rate of progression to AD (HR = 4.396, CI [1.012–19.08]; HR = 4.665, 95% CI [1.072–20.29]) compared to men in other race and ethnic groups. Among women, increases in hippocampal volume ratio led to decreased rates of progressing to MCI (HR = 0.386, 95% CI [0.166–0.901]). Increased WMH among men led to faster progression to MCI (HR = 1.048. 95% CI [1.011–1.086]). Women and men who were older at baseline were more likely to progress to MCI. In addition, results from longitudinal analyses showed that women with a higher CDR global score, older age at baseline, or more disinhibition symptoms experienced higher odds of MCI development. Changes in hippocampal volumes affect the progression to or odds of probable AD (and MCI) more so among women than men, while changes in WMH affected the progression to MCI only among men.     

文化多样性研究述评

文化多样性是当前学术界研究的前沿问题。本文以国内外学者关于文化多样性的研究文献为基础,对文化多样性的形成与影响、文化的发展方向、文化多样性的保护等方面进行总结和回顾。     

论中国共产党的现代化与多党合作制建设

在我国现代化事业快速推进的过程中,社会阶层的不断分化、公民民主意识的持续提高、传媒作用的日渐增强,向中国共产党提出了执政党现代化的严肃课题.我国的执政党现代化应以民主化为最高价值追求,以共产党领导的多党合作制为重要实现途径.为此,必须大力加强多党合作制的法律建设和程序制度建设,不断提高中国共产党民主执政、科学执政的能力和水平.     

教育内部民主法制化简论

教育内部民主是相对于"保障教育权利平等"的外部民主而言的,包括教育过程中师生关系的民主和教育管理与决策的民主。因为缺乏必要的规范,教育内部民主在实践中常常表现为非理性的冲动,教育内部民主需要通过理性的法制介入得以合理有效地实现。教育内部民主法制化不仅是必要的也是可能的。     

印度战略文化及其变迁机制

自20世纪90年代战略文化成为备受关注的议题以来,从战略文化视角解释印度外交战略的研究不胜枚举.学术界对印度战略文化的研究普遍受到文化“稳定性”、“持久性”等基本特征的限制,主要从静止的视角围绕其起源、属性与形态等方面展开论述.本文试图从动态视角理解印度战略文化,构建战略文化生成与变迁理论框架.通过对战略文化的类型划分发现,印度在冷战时期形成了防御为主、进攻为辅的协调型战略文化,冷战后形成了强进攻性偏好的冲突型战略文化.作为印度战略文化变迁的首要条件,环境认知推动了印度国内政治程序的修正,从而影响了战略文化变迁.具体而言,国际体系环境的变化重塑了印度决策精英对国家安全的判断,并内化成新的观念体系.全新观念体系驱使决策精英行为偏好改变,且通过国内政治程序的修正上升为特定取向的国家战略偏好,最终生成全新的战略文化.     

试析印度的那加人问题

印度的那加人分离主义运动是亚洲持续时间最长、发展演变最复杂的分离主义运动之一,也被称为印度东北地区的“叛乱之母”。那加人问题的核心是少数族群与中央主体族群的矛盾,这种矛盾的产生有其独特的历史和现实根源。印度政府从促进民族和解、增强国家认同的理念出发,采取了一系列应对之策。分析这一案例有助于我们对印度民族政策和联邦制度运作的深入了解。     

城镇化视角下的我国农民工市民化路径探讨

城镇化需要解决进城农民工的市民化问题。要解决农民工市民化问题首先从形式和实质两个层面界定了农民工市民化的内涵,其次从农民工市民化困境入手,分析探讨农民工市民化的逻辑机理。研究表明:农民工群体在户籍身份、社会地位、生活权利、生活习惯、生活理念、受教育程度以及生产、生活方式等方面完全向城市市民转化的过程,也就是农民工完全融入城镇生活,实现城市化的过程。