同人二次创作作品独创性界定

同人二次创作是一种新兴的作品创作方式,其产物即为同人二次创作作品。由于对同人二次创作作品的原创性界定不明,这种新的作品类型始终游走在违法与侵权的边缘,既不利于产业的发展,也无法体现著作权法立法的本意。对同人二次创作作品的的独创性界定标准进行研究,试图从界定标准适用的意义、应当遵循的基本原则、界定标准的内容对同人二次创作作品的独创性标准进行界定,并加以规范。     

市场分割、政企关系与异地市场拓展

中国的市场仍旧存在某种程度的分割，如何突破这种市场分割到异地拓展市场是企业要考虑的现实问题。以前的研究主要是从省级层面或国家层面进行宏观分析。文章创新地从政企关系视角入手来考察市场分割情形下微观层面的企业异地市场拓展，也是首先把市场分割（和异地市场）分为省内（本市外）市场、省外市场和海外市场三个不同层面来研究的论文。用世界银行的调查数据从微观企业个体层面检验了企业异地市场拓展的可能。实证研究结果发现，市场分割确实阻碍了企业异地市场拓展，但这仅限于省内市场而不是省外市场。此外，市场分割是有方向性的，从地方保护主义严重的市场里走出来的企业更容易拓展异地市场，但此结论仅适用于国内市场拓展而不适用于海外市场拓展。良好的政企关系是有利于企业异地市场拓展的，但仅限于省外市场，对省内市场以及海外市场是无效的。文章解释了其中的原因，并分析了对于企业实践的启示。     

与国际行政法的产生有关的几个基本问题——基于全球化、全球治理的视角

全球治理的提出源于全球化的推动,而全球治理的提出及实践则使国际行政法的产生、形成成为可能。具体而言,全球公民社会的兴起与国际非政府组织的发展是国际行政法产生的两个现实驱动因素。国际行政法的产生路径可总结为自下而上和自上而下的路径。国际行政法具有区别于国内行政法的若干明显特征,国际层面相比国内层面的很多特殊性也使得国际行政法的体系化发展面临诸多挑战。这些问题虽然不能忽视,但它们也并非不可克服。虽然国际行政法不如国内行政法成熟,但是如能改进合法性,便能够将超国家机构的全球治理职能发挥得更好。全球治理语境下国际行政法体系的产生、形成是一种历史的必然趋势。     

Criteria for estimating the variance function used in the asymptotic quasi-likelihood approach

The estimation of the variance function of a linear regression model used in the asymptotic quasi-likelihood approach is considered. It is shown that the variance function used in the determination of the asymptotic quasi-likelihood estimates encompasses the variance functions commonly found in the literature. Selection criteria of the most appropriate estimate of the variance function for given data are established. These criteria are based on a graphical technique and a chi-squared test.     

FDR control of detected regions by multiscale matched filtering

Feature extraction from observed noisy samples is a common important problem in statistics and engineering. This paper presents a novel general statistical approach to the region detection problem in long data sequences. The proposed technique is a multiscale kernel regression in conjunction with statistical multiple testing for region detection while controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) and maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio via matched filtering. This is achieved by considering a one-dimensional region detection problem as its equivalent zero-dimensional peak detection problem. The detection method does not require a priori knowledge of the shape of the nonzero regions. However, if the shape of the nonzero regions is known a priori, e.g., rectangular pulse, the signal regions can also be reconstructed from the detected peaks, seen as their topological point representatives. Simulations show that the method can effectively perform signal detection and reconstruction in the simulated data under high noise conditions, while controlling the FDR of detected regions and their reconstructed length.     

Score test for homogeneity of dispersion in generalized Poisson mixed models with excess zeros

In many applications, the clustered count data often contain excess zeros and the zero-inflated generalized Poisson mixed (ZIGPM) regression model may be suitable. However, dispersion in ZIGPM is often treated as fixed unknown parameter, and this assumption may be not appropriate in some situations. In this article, a score test for homogeneity of dispersion parameter in ZIGPM regression model is developed and corresponding test statistic is obtained. Sampling distribution and power of the score test statistic are investigated through Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, results from a biological example illustrate the usefulness of the diagnostic statistic.     

Optimal split‐plot orthogonal arrays

It is well known that many industrial experiments have split‐plot structures. Compared to completely randomised experiments, split‐plot designs are more economical and thus have received much attention among researchers. Much work has been done for two‐level split‐plot designs. In this article, we consider split‐plot designs with factors of three, more than three, or mixed levels and with both qualitative and quantitative factors. We show that if two designs with both qualitative and quantitative factors are geometrically isomorphic, then their generalised wordlength patterns are identical. Three design scenarios are considered for optimal designs. The corresponding wordlength patterns are defined and the minimum aberration mixed‐level split‐plot designs having 18 and 36 runs are tabulated.     

基于控制论的高校教师课堂教学质量评价体系构建

基于控制理论体系,高等学校教师课堂教学质量评价体系的发展趋势是,将国外的课堂教学质量保证机制设计与国内的课堂教学评价模型结合起来,实现宏观的机制控制和微观的量化。对教师课堂教学质量进行评价是一个系统工程,既要构建以学生评价为主体的综合评价体系,还要将该体系运用现代工具模型化,最终便于实践。     

论洛杉矶文学先锋创作：詹姆斯·凯恩和 霍勒斯·麦科伊

凯恩和麦科伊被称作洛杉矶文学开拓先锋,他们的创作存在许多相似之处。首先,他们有着相似的城市经历。其次,他们作品中的主人公都没有归属感,都是无根之人。 他们背离自己的生命之源土地,被蛊惑来到这片精神贫瘠之地寻找希望和梦想。在这片梦幻的空间,人类基本的关系遭受了巨大的冲击以致最终崩溃。这两位作家赋予洛杉矶一种 全新的文学身份。     

官办慈善与民间慈善：中国慈善事业发展的关键问题

慈善行为既出自人们对弱者和贫困者同情的善良意志,反映了人性的光辉,也是整个社会文明程度的体现。慈善事业的发展既是政府鼓励和推进的事业,也需要全社会民众的积极参与。目前,官办慈善组织在组织公益慈善活动方面起了主导作用（甚至是支配作用）,但近日诸多公共事件的发生使这一体制遭到许多批评,并使慈善议题成为大众舆论的焦点。因此,在有关慈善事业发展的研究中,我们既要考察目前慈善事业发展中政府所起的作用,更要思考如何调动社会组织和广大民众的积极性来共同参与。分析我国的官办慈善体制所存在的问题,思考我们如何推动民间慈善和私人慈善活动的发展,使慈善事业得到全面发展,是十分有必要的。