The History of Interest Inventories and Career Assessments in Career Counseling

Interest inventories and career assessments continue to be used to support practitioners as they work to uncover client interests, abilities, skills, motivations, values, and other personal factors that help individuals self‐define and construct their career. The skilled use of career inventories and assessments remains a minimum competency of career service providers' ability to successfully partner with their clients. A history of the evolution of assessment from 1914 through 1974 and considerations for the future of assessment are highlighted to provide historical perspective to inform practitioners as they serve the diverse needs of complex client populations.     

组织员工重视与直接上司关系的动机研究

本研究的目的在于识别组织员工重视与直接上司关系的动机.对于60名员工的访谈发现,绝大多数被访者重视与直接上司的关系；内容分析表明,他们的动机主要包括做好工作、获取回报、促进沟通、印象管理和关心组织等5类;而且,除了个别例外,不同性别和岗位级别,服务于不同性质组织的被访者报告的动机总体上无异于整个被访者样本.这项研究为理解上下级关系提供了一个新的视角,对于从动机角度去分析关系行为的伦理特征也具有启示价值.     

Examining the efficacy of the GameSense gambling prevention programme among university undergraduate students

This article describes a study assessing the effectiveness of a gambling prevention programme, GameSense, in modifying gambling cognitions and intentions among university undergraduate students of diverse ethnicities (N = 122). Although GameSense is a widely used intervention, the effectiveness in modifying gambling cognitions and behaviours has not yet been demonstrated. In the present study, randomly assigned treatment participants completed the programme and then played a gambling game in which they could win tokens for a desired prize. Control participants played the game but did not receive the prevention programme. At the end of the game, all participants completed measures assessing gambling cognitions, immediate and future gambling intentions, and their desire to continue gambling. Programme participants showed increased knowledge about gambling, increased resistance to gambling fallacies, and fewer immediate and future intentions to continue gambling regardless of how much they won or lost, compared to the no-treatment control group. The present results indicate that the GameSense programme is effective in altering cognitions about gambling and immediate and future intentions to continue gambling. Results are discussed in terms of the modification of gambling cognitions following completion of the intervention programme and the changes in future gambling behaviour as a consequence of those changed cognitions.     

Demonstrating the Benefits of Predictive Bayesian Dose–Response Relationships Using Six Exposure Studies of Cryptosporidium parvum

A conventional dose–response function can be refitted as additional data become available. A predictive dose–response function in contrast does not require a curve-fitting step, only additional data and presents the unconditional probabilities of illness, reflecting the level of information it contains. In contrast, the predictive Bayesian dose–response function becomes progressively less conservative as more information is included. This investigation evaluated the potential for using predictive Bayesian methods to develop a dose–response for human infection that improves on existing models, to show how predictive Bayesian statistical methods can utilize additional data, and expand the Bayesian methods for a broad audience including those concerned about an oversimplification of dose–response curve use in quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). This study used a dose–response relationship incorporating six separate data sets for Cryptosporidium parvum. A Pareto II distribution with known priors was applied to one of the six data sets to calibrate the model, while the others were used for subsequent updating. While epidemiological principles indicate that local variations, host susceptibility, and organism strain virulence may vary, the six data sets all appear to be well characterized using the Bayesian approach. The adaptable model was applied to an existing data set for Campylobacter jejuni for model validation purposes, which yielded results that demonstrate the ability to analyze a dose–response function with limited data using and update those relationships with new data. An analysis of the goodness of fit compared to the beta-Poisson methods also demonstrated correlation between the predictive Bayesian model and the data.     

Anti‐Americanism,Political Cartoons,and a Socio‐Geographic Imagination: An Invitation to Further Work*

This research note synopsizes previous studies to present future directions for the measurement of anti‐Americanism within the United States and comparatively. We explain new vectors in our research design and posit new hypotheses for future research. The note highlights the importance of cross‐national investigation of anti‐Americanism, and suggests some methodological considerations in that endeavor.     

万维网的小世界效应探讨

在工程信息的长期安全保存和可靠调用过程中，存在着信息和其使用系统之间的兼容问题和对信息定期检查、移存、转化的时间和效率问题。目前国内外对这两类问题还没有可行的解决方法和技术。介绍了“六度分离”现象和经典的小世界网络模型，提出了WWW模型的架构，并在此基础上提出了万维网中任意两个网页间链接路径的搜索算法和计算万维网的特征路径长度，借此验证万维网具有小世界效应，为解决大量级和分散性信息的管理问题提供了可靠的科学依据。     

Enacting everyday feminist collaborations: Reflexive becoming,proactive improvisation and co‐learning partnerships

We trace back our own multi‐year teaching and writing collaboration in academia to theorize feminist collaboration. Drawing from feminist theories and our autoethnographic reflections, we surface three metaphorical processes that constitute feminist collaboration. We consider feminist collaboration as: (i) reflexive becoming, that is, feminist collaborators constantly make sense of what counts as feminist as the group and context evolve; (ii) proactive improvisation, that is, feminist collaborators collectively strive for everyday transformations within situated constraints; and (iii) co‐learning partnerships, that is, feminist collaborators relate to one another in ways that uphold commitments to reflexivity, equity and care. Enacting these processes are fraught with tensions that intertwine with one another to constrain and enable feminist collaboration. We conclude the article by calling for continued theorization and engagement with feminist collaboration.     

论法律体系

在回顾与反思法律体系演变的基础上,对中国特色社会主义法律体系的形成作了认真的阐释,并概括地分析了它的基本特征,从而对于正确认识、深刻理解她的科学内涵和认真贯彻执行有一定参考作用。     

基督教方言赞美诗集出版（1818-1911）述评

早期来华传教士为接近信徒传播福音曾编译了大量的方言赞美诗集。这些赞美诗集数量众多,在早期的传教活动中扮演着非常重要的角色。本文以掌握的数种教会内部的文字统计为基准,对1818年至1911年间出版的方言赞美诗集作扼要的介绍。     

我国商事立法的《商事通则》模式探讨

近几年里,学界提出的关于制定<商事通则>的思路对我国商事立法实践有着重要的现实意义;<商事通则>模式在塑造商法品格、实现民商和谐、调整市场经济关系等方面明显具有区别于其他商事立法模式的优越性;在我国现阶段制定<商事通则>是商事法律现代化的重要体现,符合我国社会经济发展对商事立法的实际需求.