Applying research to practice: generalist and specialist (visual ergonomics) consultancy

Ergonomics is a holistic discipline encompassing a wide range of special interest groups. The role of an ergonomics consultant is to provide integrated solutions to improve comfort, safety and productivity. In Australia, there are two types of consultants--generalists and specialists. Both have training in ergonomics but specialist knowledge may be the result of previous education or work experience. This paper presents three projects illustrating generalist and specialist (visual ergonomics) consultancy: development of a vision screening protocol, solving visual discomfort in an office environment and solving postural discomfort in heavy industry. These case studies demonstrate how multiple ergonomics consultants may work together to solve ergonomics problems. It also describes some of the challenges for consultants, for those engaging their services and for the ergonomics profession, e.g. recognizing the boundaries of expertise, sharing information with business competitors, the costs-benefits of engaging multiple consultants and the risk of fragmentation of ergonomics knowledge and solutions. Since ergonomics problems are often multifaceted, ergonomics consultants should have a solid grounding in all domains of ergonomics, even if they ultimately only practice in one specialty or domain. This will benefit the profession and ensure that ergonomics remains a holistic discipline.     

基于Blog研究性学习与网络协作平台构建

博客是一个具有比较丰富的网络交互组件的多媒体网络系统平台,丰富的网络资源为研究性学习提供了强大的支持,本文探讨基于博客的研究性学习的特点,并设计了一种基于博客的网络协作平台。     

Measuring population pressure on the landscape: comparative GIS studies in China,India, and the United States

Measures of the effects of population pressure on the landscape using traditional methods for classifying urban territory are inadequate. The crude scale at which population densities are calculated and dependence on country-specific administration divisions hinder their ability to address such questions as the environmental impacts of cities and suburbs and make cross-national comparisons particularly difficult. This paper examines comparative urbanization measures among three case studies: the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province of China, the Indian state of Kerala, and the southern part of Florida in the United States. It proposes a measure based on the distribution of local population densities, taking advantage of the detailed data on small area populations and land area available in modern censuses and model-derived population databases such as LandScan, and the increasing potential of spatial analysis using geographic information systems (GIS). Examined with a similar set of thresholds, the resulting density distributions offer the potential to show better the ecological effects of population than do traditional measures.

Three strikes and you're out: Demographic analysis of mandatory prison sentencing

Much of the debate about the costs and benefits of “three-strikes” laws for repeat felony offenders is implicitly demographic, relying on unexamined assumptions about prison population dynamics. However, even state-of-the-art analysis has omitted important demographic details. We construct a multistate life-table model of population flows to and from prisons, incorporating age-specific transition rates estimated from administrative data from Florida. We use the multistate life-table model to investigate patterns of prison population growth and aging under many variants of three-strikes laws. Our analysis allows us to quantify these demographic changes and suggests that the aging of prison populations under three-strikes policies will Significantly undermine their long-run effectiveness.     

当今高校品牌战略的构建

品牌战略在企业的运用由来已久,在激烈的市场竞争中,打造名牌是企业发展的必然选择。而高等学校长期以来都是在政府的主导下,没有企业的市场风险,因而缺乏品牌意识。但随着社会的发展、我国教育体制的改革及教育市场的日益开放,高校之间的竞争越来越激烈,高等教育市场化现象越来越明显,高校已经进入"竞争时代"。树立品牌意识,创造和拥有品牌,增强自身在未来竞争中的实力,构建具有核心竞争力的高校品牌是我国高校发展的必经之路。     

也谈当代诗歌的"小众化"

诗人余光中提出“新诗”不求“大众化”,但求“小众化”;然而,由于诗歌和诗人自身的问题,当代诗歌呈现出了“小众化”而不得的尴尬状况。造成该现状的深层次原因,可以归结为诗人们三种不同的创作态度。为了实现诗歌的“小众化”,诗人们应加强对诗歌理论的反省力度、对诗歌语言的锤炼力度、对社会责任的关注力度以及诗人间彼此融合的力度。     

沈从文诗化小说的叙事学研读

沈从文的部分湘西题材小说,被称为“诗化小说”（抒情小说）,是与“叙事的小说”与“描绘的小说”截然不同的另一种小说类型,具有鲜明的文本特征。沈从文的诗化小说的叙事特征,是中国古典文学传统在特定历史条件下经过改造与转化、获得现代意义而形成的,对中国小说模式的多样化与中国小说叙事模式的现代转变都有重要贡献。     

中国特色小农振兴道路：战略方向、路径选择与政策保障

中国特色乡村振兴道路实际上是小农的振兴道路,小农振兴道路的关键是统筹推进小农户有序退出、小农户有效成长和小农户有机衔接三大战略方向。重点把握好小农户与大集体、小农户与大市场、小农户与大产业、小农户与大环境、小农户与大时代五大路径选择,实现小农合作化、小农订单化、小农朝阳化、小农生态化、小农信息化。同时要构建起五重政策保障体系,即构建新型职业农民制度体系,提升小农户内在职业素养;健全农业社会化服务体系,激发小农户内生发展动力;创新农业补贴方式,增强小农户生产积极性;加强农业金融扶持,增强小农户发展的硬实力;加强对小农的保险覆盖,增强小农户生产的安全感。     

多元智能理论在农科院校创新性人才培养中的教学实践探索

结合西南大学荣昌校区教育教学改革的实际,对农科院校创新性人才培养的途径、方法进行了一些探索和实践。提出了构建以“厚基础、宽口径、会经营、善管理、能创新”为目标的人才培养方案;建立“专家引领 教师带动 学生参与”的大学生智能培养体系;建立以“教师大课题为主轴 学生小项目为支撑”的校园科研互动互惠网络体系;举办“博新实训”教改试点班;建立“8 1”校企联合体等5个方面的教育教学实践来培养学生的创新素质和能力的具体做法和思路。     

会计信息消费不足：基于产权视角的分析与改进

会计信息是一种有价值的经济资源,具有某种优化资源配置的信号传递功能,增加决策的科学性,降低市场信息的不对称性。当前我国会计信息披露的成本很高,社会对会计信息的信任度低、会计信息消费需求不足。究其原因,从根本上说背后的产权问题是症结所在。文章从产权的角度出发,分析了会计信息消费的供求矛盾,提出新的由管制当局和企业各产权主体参加的新的制度安排来解决会计信息消费不足的问题,提高会计信息的核心竞争力。