开展农村"三权"依法自愿有偿退出的实践与思考

在依法、自愿、有偿的前提下鼓励有条件的农民退出"三权",不仅满足了农民的诉求,而且过程平稳有序,达到了政策的预期目标.当前和今后一个时期,应当积极鼓励已进城落户、有条件的农民退出"三权".要加强顶层设计、推进理论创新、支持先行地区开展试点,努力探索制度清晰、补偿合理、风险可控的"三权"退出机制,为全面推进这项改革探好路、把好脉.     

Estimation of multi-state models with missing covariate values based on observed data likelihood

Abstract

Continuous-time multi-state models are commonly used to study diseases with multiple stages. Potential risk factors associated with the disease are added to the transition intensities of the model as covariates, but missing covariate measurements arise frequently in practice. We propose a likelihood-based method that deals efficiently with a missing covariate in these models. Our simulation study showed that the method performs well for both “missing completely at random” and “missing at random” mechanisms. We also applied our method to a real dataset, the Einstein Aging Study.     

高职学生法律意识教育问题研究

职业院校培养学生的法律意识,对学生个人的成长及发展,以及对推动和促进社会主义物质文明和精神文明建设具有重要意义。学生的法律意识现状堪忧,主要原因是学生的法律意识水平低。对高职学生进行法律意识教育的重点应劳动维权意识教育上,应采取相应具体的措施,这对推进和促进社会的长治久安和和平发展具有重要的意义。     

Testing the efficacy of the theory of planned behavior to explain strength training in older adults

The purpose of this study was to use the constructs of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to gain a better understanding of the factors influencing older adults' participation in strength training. Two hundred men and women age 55 years and older were purposely sampled from seniors' centers in Ontario Canada. Participants completed a TPB questionnaire and reported their current physical activity participation. It was hypothesized that perceived behavioral control followed by attitude would be the strongest determinants of strength-training intentions and that intention would be the strongest determinant of strength-training behavior. Regression analyses revealed that subjective norm and perceived behavioral control explained 42% of the variance in intention and intention explained 40% of the variance in behavior. Gender and current strength-training participation did not significantly moderate the relationship between the TPB variables. The results suggest that interventions targeting subjective norm and perceived control might be helpful in promoting strength-training behavior among older adults.     

我国产品责任制度若干问题的探讨

产品责任制度的宗旨在于保护消费者的利益,其完善程度直接决定着保护水平的高低。从《中华人民共和国民法通则》颁行至今,我国产品责任制度虽经多年发展,但仍存有缺憾,与发达国家相比亦存在较大差距,并在实践中严重影响了对消费者利益的有效保护。因此,从立法宗旨、产品范围的界定、产品缺陷的界定标准、产品责任制度、赔偿制度等方面进一步完善我国产品责任制度已刻不容缓。     

协商民主对公民参与的多维审视与局限

20世纪末期,在西方社会自由主义民主和代议制民主都遭受了前所未有的质疑和批判的背景下,以强调公民参与为基础的一种全新的民主范式--协商民主迅速兴起.协商民主从不同的维度对公民参与进行了审视,进而使公民参与的平等性、合法性、责任和理性得到了全新的认知与阐释,协商民主极大地激发了公民参与的热情,推动了公民参与和公民社会的迅速发展,使公民参与成为21世纪民主发展的主流.但与此同时,协商民主在公民参与问题上也不可避免地存在着一定的局限,它过度地强调了公民参与的理性,也忽略了资源占有程度对公民参与产生的影响.     

The role of mutuals and community-based insurance in social health protection systems: International experience on delegated functions

The institutional architecture for the provision of social health protection varies across countries, as do the actors and organizations involved. In some countries, mutual benefit societies and community-based health insurance organizations (CBHI) play a role in this area. In the 1990s, these were promoted particularly as a means of extending social security coverage, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In the current context, the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, as well as renewed political will to realize universal coverage, has led to a questioning of the role of mutuals/CBHI. However, the literature on the roles they play in national social security systems remains limited. For this scoping review, 49 documents were analysed, covering 18 countries worldwide, focused on the delegation of functions to mutuals/CBHI in national social health protection systems. The results reveal the dynamics of the delegation of functions within social protection systems over time and their implementation processes. These provide areas for reflection that can inform policy processes.     

多校区高校人力资源管理问题初探

目前,多校区高校人力资源管理模式有总校集权制和分校分权制两种模式,它们各有优缺点,应当在理顺总校与分校、分校与分校相互关系的基础上,重构适合多校区高校特点的人力资源双级管理模式.     

教育者和受教育者的素养及其他——《论语》的教育思想刍议

《论语》中所包含的孔子的教育思想是丰富而全面的。它不仅对教育者和受教育者的素养作了一些要求,而且提出了很多有益的教和学的方法,同时,它的教育内容也是很独到的。学习和研究孔子教育思想在当今仍具有重要的意义。     

Estimating reference ranges from stratified two-stage samples

We present methodology for estimating age-specific reference ranges by using data from two-stage samples. On the basis of the information obtained in the first stage, the initial sample is stratified and random subsamples are drawn from each stratum, where the selection probabilities in this second-stage sampling may be different across strata in the population. The variable for which the reference ranges are to be established is measured at the second phase. The approach involves maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of the age-specific distributions and separate estimation of the population stratum probabilities. These are combined to yield estimates of the quantiles of interest. The issue of variance estimation for the estimated quantiles is also addressed. The methodology is applied to the estimation of reference ranges for a cognitive test score in a study of non-demented older Japanese-Americans.