Lighting Effects on Older Adults’ Visual and Nonvisual Performance: A Systematic Review

Lighting plays an important role in daily life: It helps people perform daily activities independently and safely, and also benefits their health. This study assesses the research evidence of lighting’s impacts on older adults in four domains: (a) performance of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living; (b) circadian rhythm; (c) fall prevention and postural stability; and (d) sleep quality. A comprehensive review of lighting studies on older adults’ visual and nonvisual performance was conducted using a modified PRISMA systematic review process. For the first domain, some older adults had difficulty in using the toilet, preparing meals, and doing laundry under lower illuminance. For the second domain, brighter and bluish lighting improved older adults’ circadian rhythm. For the third domain, low-intensity LED lighting affixed on door frames can help older adults maintain postural stability and prevent falling during nighttime movement. Finally, some studies concluded that receiving outdoor daylight during exercise was beneficial to older adults’ sleep quality. This study provides several methodological, theoretical, and collaborative suggestions for developing a more conclusive evidence base for lighting standards and strategies for older adults.     

Does a More Diversified Revenue Structure Lead to Greater Financial Capacity and Less Vulnerability in Nonprofit Organizations? A Bibliometric and Meta-Analysis

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - This article explores how and to what extent revenue diversification and concentration strategies affect financial...     

Why spouses depress each other: A cross‐national study to test the shared resource hypothesis in depressive symptom concordance within older adult couples

The shared resource hypothesis suggests that married couples share the same environmental resources, which shape their health concordance. This study tests its cross‐national applicability. Cross‐sectional 2012–2013 Health and Retirement Study data from China, England, Mexico, and the United States were analyzed. Heterosexual couples (age ≥60) who were married or partnered were studied (N = 20,565 pairs). Dyadic data were analyzed by multilevel models to examine the effect of self and spousal social and physical health statuses on depressive symptoms. Regression models were used to test the relationship between couples' shared resources and depressive symptom concordance. Results indicated both husbands and wives' depressive symptoms were associated with their own and spouses' social and health statuses. Most couple‐level resources were insignificant predictors for Chinese and Mexican couples' concordance, but having more social and financial resources was associated with higher concordance among British and American couples. Self‐reported health was the most consistent predictor in all countries. The shared resource hypothesis was more applicable to depressive symptom concordance within couples in the United States and England, but not in China and Mexico. Couple‐centered intervention is suggested for clinical practice, and the spousal effect should be considered in policymaking.     

The Effects of Neighborhood Variables on Needs of Social Care: A Hierarchical Multiple Regression of Senior Residents in China

Community-based elder care has become a dominant model in the world. However, the role of community-level factors in helping or hindering the individuals concerned in obtaining the needed care has not received much attention. This research aims to investigate how community-level factors, including neighborhood disadvantage, residential instability, and social service environment affect the need for instrumental, medical, and emotional services of Chinese senior residents. Employing the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the results show that instrumental activities of daily living impairment contributed significantly to the need for instrumental, medical and emotional services. Living alone was found to be associated with the need for medical and emotional services. Objective socioeconomic status was only significantly related to the need for medical care. The type of urban community was positively associated with the need for instrumental services and was negatively related to the need for medical care. Residential instability was positively associated with of the need for instrumental services and medical care. Social service environments had heterogeneous effects on the need for social services. However, neighborhood disadvantage had no significant impact on the need for social services. Implications for future research and policy reform were also discussed.     

文化认知中定向思维模式的建构与解构——以中国少数民族文化范式为研究视阈

定向思维模式的建构与解构实际上反映出认知结构的二重性特征,两者在文化认知活动中可互为挹注共存于对立统一关系里。因此,对中国少数民族文化范式的研究,不仅要重视建构之功能催生的符号化文化构成,还应关注解构之功能显现的非常见的文化元素。同时,只有弄清楚定向思维模式的建构与解构在文化认知中的意涵,才能明确定向思维模式的“趋向”和“专注”特点以及“惰化”和“孤立”倾向,从而为牵及民族文化事项的认知固化与迁移提供理论工具并用以指导多元文化实践。     

环境公益诉讼的原告资格研究

在环境公益诉讼中,原告起诉资格的认定是其关键问题.在对环境公益诉讼的内涵与原告资格范围进行界定的基础上,通过对环境公益诉讼主体及新民事诉讼法中对“有关组织”认定问题的分析,指出环境公益诉讼原告资格扩张的必要性,并结合环境公益诉讼具有公共性、不特定性、预防性的特点,对环境公益诉讼的原告资格加以构建.     

网络与大学生思想政治教育——“慎独”精神在网络环境的作用

互联网技术和高校思想政治教育的有机整合,实现了高校思想政治教育的网络化。文章分析了网络对大学生的双面影响,总结了网络环境下大学生思想政治教育的新特点,提出了弘扬“慎独”精神,加强道德自律的举措,以期拓宽空间,提高思想政治教育的成效。     

住房特征价格模型的改进研究

现有住房价格研究主要划分为基于个体行为的新古典经济学价格理论和基于产品差异的特征价格理论两种分析范式,两者均存在自身无法克服的局限性.以特征价格理论为基础,再结合新古典经济学价格理论,可建立包括住房特征变量和住房市场供求变量的住房价格测度综合模型.     

新闻传播学中刻板印象研究综述

“刻板印象”这一概念引入中国已有20年。在这20年中,我国新闻传播学界对刻板印象的研究主要集中于四个方面：媒介内容中的刻板印象、使用刻板印象的原因及其效果、刻板印象的突破和“反用”、具体媒介工作流程中的刻板印象。当前我国新闻传播学界在刻板印象与媒介关系的研究中似存在如下两个尚待解决的问题：首先。对什么是“刻板印象”的界定有待廓清与统一。仅从媒介内容归纳刻板印象的内容,多少有误用概念之嫌,既不能全面揭示特定时段中刻板印象的内涵,也无助于深入探索媒介与刻板印象的复杂关系。于是,如何在廓清概念的基础上,揭示刻板印象与媒介的复杂关系,也就成了当前另一个需要进一步深入的问题。     

章门弟子与五四思想革命

在五四新文化派中,章门弟子较早地就意识到思想革命的重要性,从而将奋斗目标及时转向了伦理道德领域,为新文化运动的深入发展指明了道路。他们继承了章太炎的批判精神,大胆地“覆孔孟,铲伦常”,严厉抨击了孔子及其学说,在很大程度上俗化孔子的圣人形象,并将所谓“六经”予以历史化,由是彻底打破了对孔教的迷信,冲决了封建纲常的网罗,极大促进了国人的思想解放,为五四新文化运动做出了不可磨灭的贡献。