Application of Social Choice Theory to Modify the Value Measure of Health Systems

Social Indicators Research - As a new composite indicator for capturing the value delivered by health systems of developing and developed economies, the Value Measure is the arithmetic average of...     

大数据战略视野下我国信息网络安全立法分析

大数据战略视野下,很多国家纷纷制定、完善和执行着自己的信息网络安全法律,并已形成世界潮流.从国内外的大数据战略与信息网络安全立法分析来看,我国既有成绩,也有不足.对于我国信息网络安全的法律保障,目前需要完善的主要内容有:进一步明确国家信息网络安全立法的目的与宗旨;基本法层面,尽快构建完备的信息网络安全法律保障有机体系,重点包括政府信息公开法与个人信息保护法等;实施层面,加强与完善具体领域的单行法与配套法建设,增强法律规定的可操作性;完善法律框架之外的协作保障体系.     

感知风险对在线旅游产品购买意愿的影响分析

旅游电子商务发展迅猛,互联网购物平台的虚拟性和远程性强化了消费者感知风险,它也成为影响旅游电子商务发展的重要因素之一.文章聚焦消费者感知风险,运用SPSS 19.0及AMOS 21.0软件,构建以5个维度的感知风险为自变量、购买意愿为因变量、信任为调节变量的结构方程模型,探讨变量间相关关系.结果发现:感知风险对信任的影响差异较大,仅经济风险感知与信任呈显著负相关;感知风险对购买意愿总效应皆呈负相关;信任作为中介变量存在明显的调节作用,有效地降低了感知风险对购买意愿的负向影响.     

Bounds on the domination number of a digraph

A vertex subset S of a digraph D is called a dominating set of D if every vertex not in S is adjacent from at least one vertex in S. The domination number of D, denoted by \(\gamma (D)\), is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set of D. The Slater number \(s\ell (D)\) is the smallest integer t such that t added to the sum of the first t terms of the non-increasing out-degree sequence of D is at least as large as the order of D. For any digraph D of order n with maximum out-degree \(\Delta ^+\), it is known that \(\gamma (D)\ge \lceil n/(\Delta ^++1)\rceil \). We show that \(\gamma (D)\ge s\ell (D)\ge \lceil n/(\Delta ^++1)\rceil \) and the difference between \(s\ell (D)\) and \(\lceil n/(\Delta ^++1)\rceil \) can be arbitrarily large. In particular, for an oriented tree T of order n with \(n_0\) vertices of out-degree 0, we show that \((n-n_0+1)/2\le s\ell (T)\le \gamma (T)\le 2s\ell (T)-1\) and moreover, each value between the lower bound \(s\ell (T)\) and the upper bound \(2s\ell (T)-1\) is attainable by \(\gamma (T)\) for some oriented trees. Further, we characterize the oriented trees T for which \(s\ell (T)=(n-n_0+1)/2\) hold and show that the difference between \(s\ell (T)\) and \((n-n_0+1)/2\) can be arbitrarily large. Some other elementary properties involving the Slater number are also presented.     

判断争议领土归属的法律制度

在国际司法判例的推动下,判断争议领土归属的国际法制度正逐步形成、完善.如果相关国家就争议领土的归属达成了合意或是有单方面的同意,则应当依据相关国家的意思来确定争议领土的归属.如不存在此类法律依据,则应通过综合审查各争端当事国在关键日期以前对争议领土行使主权权力的证据,依据有效占领原则确定争议领土的归属.但如依上述方法确定争议领土的归属还存在不公平、不合理的情况,则应对依法初步划定的边界进行衡平调整.     

资源型地区企业社会责任信息披露的研究

随着社会责任意识的提高,企业披露社会责任信息逐渐成为一项基本义务。本文根据深市和沪市属于资源型地区的115家上市公司2009年的财务报告及社会责任报告,分析资源型地区企业社会责任信息披露的现状,发现资源型地区上市公司披露社会责任信息存在质量不高、比例不高、缺乏可比性,且社会责任报告大多数未经过审验等问题。为解决以上问题,应采取完善社会责任信息、尽快制定有关法律法规、规范信息披露的内容和形式、加强对信息披露的的监督、扩充财务报告等措施。     

从情态量值的角度对比英汉学术口语中的情态分布

以英国学术英语口语语料库(BASE)中关于lecture和seminar两个主题和情景的话语为语料,建立相对应的汉语语料库,基于Halliday系统功能语法中的情态理论,从情态量值的角度对比英汉学术口语语体中的情态分布特征.研究发现:(1)情态在英汉学术口语中的分布存在显著性差异;(2)英汉两种语言都倾向于使用情态的肯定形式,较少用否定形式;(3)英语学术口语更倾向使用低、中量值的情态词,而汉语学术口语则多使用低、高量值的情态词;(4)英语学术口语的高频情态词分布不均衡,较多地使用了低量值情态词can,而汉语的高频情态词分布相对集中,没有表现出过多使用某个情态词的特点.     

Cloud manufacturing system for sheet metal processing

Abstract

Cloud computing is changing the way industries and enterprises run their businesses. Cloud manufacturing is emerging as an approach to transform the traditional manufacturing business model, while helping the manufacturer to align production efficiency with its business strategy, and creating intelligent factory networks that enable collaboration across the whole enterprise. Many production planning and control (PPC) problems are essentially optimisation problems, where the objective is to develop a plan that meets the demand at minimum cost or maximum profit. Because the underlying optimisation problem will vary in the different business and operation phases, it is important to think about optimisation in a dynamic mechanism and in a number of interlinked sub-problems at the same time. Cloud manufacturing has the potential to offer decision support as a service and medium of communication in PPC. To solve these problems and produce collaboration across the supply chain, this paper provides an overview of the state of the art in cloud manufacturing and presents a model of cloud-based production planning and production system for sheet metal processing.     

A lower bound for the adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem

Adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (A2E-CVRP) proposed in this paper is a variant of the classical 2E-CVRP. Comparing to 2E-CVRP, A2E-CVRP has multiple depots and allows the vehicles to serve customers directly from the depots. Hence, it has more efficient solution and adapt to real-world environment. This paper gives a mathematical formulation for A2E-CVRP and derives a lower bound for it. The lower bound is used for deriving an upper bound subsequently, which is also an approximate solution of A2E-CVRP. Computational results on benchmark instances show that the A2E-CVRP outperforms the classical 2E-CVRP in the costs of routes.