Health lifestyles in Russia and the socialist heritage

This study examines the relationship between socialist ideology and the current negative health lifestyles of the Russian population. We explore the possibility that Soviet-style socialism with its negation of individuality and individual initiative in health matters promoted the development of a passive orientation toward healthy living. Using a national sample, we compare the health practices of those Russians who wish to return to socialism as it was before Gorbachev to those of Russians who favor staying with the present political and economic course or adopting other reforms. If a socialist ideology has indeed fostered a lack of responsibility for individual health promotion in Russia today, those persons wishing to return to socialism would be less likely to adopt a positive health lifestyle. Our data show that this is indeed the case, as pro-socialist respondents demonstrate less activity toward achieving health than antisocialists--although neither group collectively practices a healthy way of life.     

Reports of childhood sexual abuse by adolescents and young adults: stability over time

The consistency of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) reporting was explored in this study. Two-hundred seventeen adolescents and young adults (ages 14-24) enrolled in urban health care clinics completed self-report questionnaires assessing CSA and other problem behaviors at enrollment and at 7 months. Results indicated that the stability of CSA self-report at two time points was poor (58% consistent nonreporters of CSA, 20% consistent reporters, 22% inconsistent reporters). Consistent and inconsistent reporters were differentiated on risk measures. Adolescents who endorsed more items from the CSA scale were five times more likely to be consistent reporters. In sum, adolescent CSA reporting was quite inconsistent over time. Using multi-item scales and assessing CSA at two time points enhances accuracy of reporting.     

Opportunity theory and adolescent school-based victimization

While school-based adolescent victimization has received a great deal of public attention, there exist relatively few theoretically driven studies aimed at explaining this phenomenon. We address this paucity by providing a test of a criminal-opportunity model of school-based victimization using data on over 3,000 students from 40 different Kentucky middle and high schools. The effects of opportunity-related concepts are estimated for both violent and property victimization, and comparisons are made for each victimization type across middle- and high-school student subsamples. Findings suggest that criminal opportunity theory is relevant to the understanding of school-based victimization. In particular, indicators of exposure to crime and target antagonism appear to be robust predictors. Further, there appears to be substantial generalizability in the effects of opportunity-related variables across violent versus property victimization as well as across middle-school versus high-school contexts.     

Changes in functional limitation and survival among older Taiwanese, 1993, 1996, and 1999

Using data from the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan, we investigate changes in difficulties in walking and climbing stairs, tasks that represent basic lower-body movements less likely to be influenced by changes in environment and social roles than are activities and instrumental activities of daily living. Results are shown for unadjusted prevalence rates and rates adjusted for changes in population composition. The findings indicate that Taiwan does not appear to be experiencing the improvements in functioning witnessed recently in the United States. Prevalence of functional limitation increased between 1993 and 1996 and between 1996 and 1999. One possible reason is the change in old-age survival, which appears to have benefited those who have functional limitations, especially in a severe form. The Universal Health Insurance programme, established in 1995, may have increased access to care and thus the survival of those in poorest health.     

江西鹰潭市工业园区建立阳光助学机制

由于我国对高中学生目前还未出台扶助措施,有的家庭由于生活比较困难,有的家庭由于＂重男轻女＂的思想作怪,不少女孩考上高中后被迫辍学。为了提高农村女孩的文化素质,改善和优化女孩的生存环境和发展空间,从2008年起,江西省鹰潭市工业园区党工委针对这一情况,决定建立长效＂     

试论社会主义社会是独立的社会形态——对社会主义社会和共产主义社会的关系的再认识

社会主义社会和共产主义社会的关系问题,即它们究竟属于同一社会形态发展程度不同的两个阶段抑或是两种不同的社会形态的问题,长期以来,从马克思主义经典作家到当代理论界,基本上都认为是前者。这种观点,随着各国尤其是我国社会主义实践的深入发展,已越来越不相适应了。这种情况,符合社会革命更新过程的逻辑,即:今天看来可以接受的东西,明天就有可能成为过时的东西。     

牢记的,永远是没有后来的爱情

下午四点半,阳光倾钭着插进一楼的玻璃门,段子萱轻轻按下门钮,嘟的一声,门开了一条缝,她从缝中挤出去,整个人站在了日光下面、四周安静极了,似乎可以听到风吹过紫荆花树,折断花朵时轻微的声响.     

分手的理由

劈腿:自由体操动作中基本术语之一,指两腿最大限度地分开。自从台湾“林韦君劈腿事件”之后,成为新兴的流行用语,形容一个人感情出轨、脚踏两条船甚至多条船。     

给心情放个假

每时每刻,我们都在支付自己的生命,零存整取。或长或短,谁都逃脱不了连本带利整个儿兑现于造物主的那一天。想想便有些紧张有些可怕,宇宙无限,岁月永恒,无数小小的“我”的确像一丝微风、一缕轻烟……世事无常,岂敢懈怠;苦短人生,能不珍惜?于是便军记“我生待明日,万事成蹉跎”的古训。想紧紧抓住每一个今天——认真盘点每一个昨日的明天,并把齐白石老人“不教一日闲度”的座右铭郑重其事地安放于书房案前的玻璃板底下,偶尔看到,便觉得自己是个已有抱负将有所作为的人,心头一喜:天生我材必有用。但“今天”往