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11.
For a family of one-parameter discrete exponential type distributions, the higher order approximation of randomized confidence intervals derived from the optimum test is discussed. Indeed, it is shown that they can be asymptotically constructed by means of the Edgeworth expansion. The usefulness is seen from the numerical results in the case of Poisson and binomial distributions. 相似文献
12.
Rosemary Ziemba Tam Perry Beverly Takahashi Donna Algase 《Journal of Housing for the Elderly》2013,27(3):261-280
The current quandary with the design of existing long-term care settings results from focus on structures (“institutions”) instead of on a system of supports and services that transcends physical and traditional boundaries across settings, including nursing homes, assisted living residences, and the home. Supported by analyses of the commonalities, socio-historical and political contexts, core values, and fallacies of social and medical models in existing and emerging long-term care options, a holistic model is proposed based on new core values that facilitate community and family integration and that asserts dignity and personhood as universal attributes in an array of settings. 相似文献
13.
An empirical analysis of the volatility of the Japanese stock price index: a non-parametric approach
Katsuyuki Takahashi 《Journal of applied statistics》2011,38(7):1381-1394
This paper presents an empirical analysis of stochastic features of volatility in the Japanese stock price index, or TOPIX, using high-frequency data sampled every 5 min. The process of TOPIX is modeled by a stochastic differential equation with the time-homogeneous drift and diffusion coefficients. To avoid the risk of misspecification for the volatility function, which is defined by the squared diffusion coefficient, the local polynomial model is applied to the data, and then produced the estimates of the volatility function together with their confidence intervals. The result of the estimation suggests that the volatility function shows similar patterns for one period, but drastically changes for another. 相似文献
14.
Dong Ha Kim Sarah M. Bassett Lois Takahashi Dexter R. Voisin 《Journal of youth studies》2018,21(8):999-1010
Many studies have examined risk factors associated with poorer behavioral health among low-income African American youth, such as low school engagement, delinquency, mental health problems, drug use, and risky sex. However, fewer studies have examined protective factors for such behavioral health risk behaviors. This study sought to address this gap by examining whether high levels of self-esteem were associated with better behavioral health factors for this population. A survey was administered to a sample of 638 low-income African American adolescents in Chicago to examine the degree to which high self-esteem was associated with less delinquency, substance use, and sexual risk behaviors, and more school engagement, and whether such associations varied by gender. Stepwise linear and logistic regression models were estimated to assess the influence of self-esteem. Higher self-esteem for this sample of low-income African American adolescents was associated with lower rates of delinquency, drug use, and risky sexual behaviors and increased rates of school engagement. Gender moderated only a few of these relationships. These findings suggest that programs that promote high self–esteem alone or in combination with other resilience factors may promote better behavioral health factors for African American adolescents. 相似文献
15.
Shigeki Koshida Tetsuo Ono Shunichiro Tsuji Takashi Murakami Hisatomi Arima Kentaro Takahashi 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(6):468-471
Background
Fetal movement is the most common method to evaluate fetal well-being. Furthermore, maternal perception of decreased fetal movements is associated with perinatal demise. Previously, we showed that perception of decreased fetal movements was the most common reason for mothers visiting the outpatient department among those who had stillbirths in our region. Further investigation of stillbirths with decreased fetal movements is essential to find a possible way of preventing stillbirth.Aim
To investigate maternal reaction time after their perceiving decreased fetal movements among stillbirths in our region of Japan.Methods
This is a population-based study of stillbirths in Shiga Prefecture, Japan conducted from 2007 to 2011. We sent a questionnaire to each obstetrician who had submitted the stillbirth certificate. We reviewed and evaluated the questionnaires returned from the obstetricians.Findings
There were 66 cases (35%) with decreased fetal movements among 188 stillbirths in Shiga during the study period. The number of maternal visits to outpatient department after perception of decreased fetal movements within 24 h was only seven (11%) among 64 stillbirths diagnosed at outpatient department.Conclusion
We conclude that delayed maternal visit after perceiving decreased fetal movements is frequently observed in stillbirths. Promoting more thorough maternal education on fetal movements, including emphasizing earlier visitation after perceiving decreased fetal movements, may prevent stillbirths. 相似文献16.
Sarah M. Bassett Dong Ha Kim Lois Takahashi Sonya Mathies Dinizulu Royce Lee 《Journal of social service research》2020,46(4):452-461
AbstractAfrican American youth are often stereotyped as being more aggressive than and experience more severe negative social sanctions relative to their European American peers. This cross-sectional study assessed self-reported levels of aggression among a sample of 538 low-income African American youth in Chicago, and employed latent class analysis to determine groups of aggression. Major study findings showed low, middle high aggression group. The largest number of youth fell within the low aggression group. Social factors (e.g., low student-teacher connectedness, high risky peer norms, neighborhood violence, and family conflict) were associated with inclusion in the high aggression group. Intrapersonal factors (e.g., depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder) were associated with inclusion in the middle aggression group. Future longitudinal research should examine what factors are associated with movement across aggression groups and capitalize upon knowledge gained in the current study to develop interventions. 相似文献
17.
Mutsuko Takahashi 《Gender Issues》1994,14(1):37-55
The aim of this article is to analyze how the gender division of labour has been embodied in the social expectation of women’s roles in urban settings, mainly with respect to married people in contemporary Japan. Especially among Japanese feminist researchers it is much discussed how gender role consciousness and the traditional division of labour have fettered the behaviour of the Japanese—both men and women. I start my discussion by examining the distinction between public and private spheres that seems to be used in different ways by researchers. The gender division of labour functions as a “vicious circle” in hindering possibilities for change, making it more difficult for women to obtain the same primary positions in working life as men and, at the same time, preventing men from enjoying family life as much as women. 相似文献
18.
Melissa Lemons Olga A. Vásquez Kathryn Au Keiko Takahashi Bonnie A. Nardi 《思想、文化和活动》2013,20(2):143-156
Review Symposium: Cross‐Cultural Roots of Minority Child Development. P.M. Greenfield & R. R. Cocking (Eds.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1994. 431 pp. $89.95, $39.95 (paper). Understanding Practice. S. Chaiklin and J. Lave (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 414 pp. $59.95. 相似文献
19.
In this article, we consider testing independence among components of random vector in multivariate normal population. For testing independence, we use the modified likelihood ratio test statistic which is improved an approximation to χ2 distribution of the likelihood ratio test statistic. In order to perform simultaneous tests for independence among components of random vector, we use the step-down multiple comparison procedure based on the closed testing procedure proposed by Marcus et al. (1976). Finally, we perform Monte Carlo simulations and present numerical results. 相似文献
20.
Effects of population fluctuation of the gray-sided vole(Clethrionomys rufocanus) on the prevalence (infection rates) of the parasiteEchinococcus multilocularis in red fox(Vulpes vulpes) populations was investigated from 1985 to 1992 in eastern Hokkaido (Abashiri, Nemuro, and Kushiro area), Japan. This parasite
needs two hosts to complete its life cycle; the gray-sided vole as its intermediate host and the red fox as its final host.
We found that: (1) Infection rates in foxes depended on the current-year abundance of voles in all three study areas, particularly
in Abashiri. (2) In addition to this direct density-dependence, delayed density-dependence between the infection rate and
the prior-year abundance of voles was detected in Nemuro and in Kushiro. (3) The regional differences in density-dependence
pattern were related to regional differences in the winter food habits of red foxes: in Abashiri the proportion of voles in
the fox’s diet greatly decreases in winter, while the proportion remains high in winter in Nemuro and in Kushiro, probably
because of shallower snowpack. These results suggest that infection rates in foxes in Abashiri were less influenced by the
prior-year prevalence, since the infection cycle might be interrupted in winter, when voles became less important in fox’s
diet. In contrast, the state of the prevalence may carry over from year to year in Nemuro and in Kushiro, because red foxes
continue to eat a considerable amount of voles throughout year. The regionally contrasted results for the relationship between
infection rate in foxes and vole abundance were parallel to the regional difference in fluctuation pattern of vole populations,
which are highly variable in Abashiri area, but less variable in Kushiro-Nemuro area. Drastic change in vole populations appears
to affect the host-parasite system. 相似文献