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961.
962.
Some studies of assaults on intimate partners have found that most of the perpetrators are not violent outside the family, which suggests a specialized type of crime. However, other studies found domestic violence offenders tend to have extensive criminal histories. To further investigate the extent to which partner assaults are part of a more general pattern of criminal behavior or a specialized type of crime, we studied the dating relationships of 653 university students. Thirty-one percent reported assaulting a partner in the previous 12 months. The rate of assault on partners by females did not differ significantly for males (29%) and females (32%). We also found high rates of other self-reported crime, and much higher rates by males. For example, over one half of the male students and almost one third of the female students reported having stolen money. The male students reported an average of 3.4 crimes committed, and the female students an average of 1.4 crimes. These high crime rates and gender differences are consistent with many previous studies. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of prior criminal acts is associated with an increased probability of assaulting a partner. The relationship was greater when there was prior violent crime compared to property crime, when there was early onset of criminal behavior, and when the offender was female. The implications of the findings for understanding partner assaults, criminal careers, and gender differences in the etiology of violence against intimate partners are discussed. 相似文献
963.
Kalapotharakos VI Michalopoulou M Godolias G Tokmakidis SP Malliou PV Gourgoulis V 《Journal of aging and physical activity》2004,12(2):131-143
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week resistance-training program on muscle strength and mass in older adults. Thirty-three inactive participants (60-74 years old) were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: high-resistance training (HT), moderate-resistance training (MT), and control. After the training period, both HT and MT significantly increased 1-RM body strength, the peak torque of knee extensors and flexors, and the midthigh cross-sectional area of the total muscle. In addition, both HT and MT significantly decreased the abdominal circumference. HT was more effective in increasing 1-RM strength, muscle mass, and peak knee-flexor torque than was MT. These data suggest that muscle strength and mass can be improved in the elderly with both high- and moderate-intensity resistance training, but high-resistance training can lead to greater strength gains and hypertrophy than can moderate-resistance training. 相似文献
964.
Social identity is multilayered and complex. Schools, communities, and nations can implement structures and approaches that help youth to understand one another and respect differences. 相似文献
965.
Giasson BI 《Science of aging knowledge environment : SAGE KE》2004,2004(48):pe42
The recent identification of genes (parkin, DJ-1, and PINK1) involved in recessive autosomal parkinsonism, and the indications that these proteins may have protective effects on the mitochondria, has led to the reemergence of the notion that mitochondrial dysfunction might play a central role in the etiology of sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). This idea has previously been supported by biochemical analyses showing reduced mitochondrial activity in PD patients and in animal models of PD generated by the selective inhibition of mitochondria activity. However, the involvement of DJ-1 or PINK1 loss of function in classical idiopathic PD, characterized by pathological inclusions composed of aggregated alpha-synuclein protein, has still not been evaluated. More detailed studies of the possible interactions between parkin, DJ-1, PINK1, and alpha-synuclein and their effects on mitochondria are needed to more adequately define the biological pathways that may convergently or independently lead to parkinsonism. 相似文献
966.
This study examined the relationship of ambivalent sexism, political conservatism, demographic variables (age, education, and gender), and prior sexual experience to Turkish men s and women s attitudes toward women who engage in premarital sex. Participants included 124 Turkish undergraduate students and 60 nonstudent Turkish adults. Benevolent but not hostile sexism uniquely predicted more negative views of women who engage in premarital sex once other variables were controlled. Regression analyses demonstrated that for both men and women, older, more politically conservative and less sexually experienced respondents and more educated men (but not women) respondents were more likely to disapprove of women who engage in premarital sex. Similarly, regression analysis revealed that men who were older, politically conservative, and less sexually experienced expressed stronger preferences for marrying a virgin. Both hostile and benevolent sexism predicted men s preference for marrying a virgin after all other variables were controlled. 相似文献
967.
Weber DO 《Physician executive》2002,28(5):6-9
Physician executives face numerous obstacles in their quest to become CEOs. Take a look at what's standing in the way. 相似文献
968.
Weber DO 《Physician executive》2002,28(2):12-14
Costs of medical malpractice insurance are soaring. Major insurers are refusing to write policies. And doctors are struggling to pay their premiums. Find out what's behind the insurance crisis. 相似文献
969.
An important segment of writings on postindustrialization is distinctly utopian in stressing the greater mastery and control made possible by recent innovations in information technology. The utopian theme underscores the technical outcomes of innovations and highlights their benefits for ameliorating social problems. By contrast, our work suggests that many of the social problems in contemporary society are a consequence of recent innovations in information technology. We argue that postindustrial theorists are correct in stressing mastery over certain technical problems but incorrect in slighting the destabilizing effect innovations have on organizations and the markets in which these organizations participate. These destabilizing effects complicate organizational strategies by increasing market risk and uncertainty. Since most organizations are risk aversive, social problems are created as organizations externalize their costs and pass along risk to other, more dependent actors. Illustrations from two institutions, politics and the economy, indicate that many postindustrial innovations are associated with heightened competition as well as greater risk and uncertainty across the institutional order. We conclude that postindustrial technology introduces no net gain in man aging the complexities of the social world. Risk and control are both integral to technological innovation and constitute the paradox of postindustrialization. 相似文献
970.
Joyendu Bhadury Paul M. Griffin Susan O. Griffin Lakshmi S. Narasimhan 《Social Choice and Welfare》1998,15(4):489-508
This paper considers the well studied problem of the existence of an undominated point, under the assumption of lexicographic
preferences of voters, as espoused by Taylor in [24]. We extend Taylor's model to situations were we allow for (i) voters
to have different ranings of the issues in n-dimensional issue space and (ii) a candidate to be disregarded by a voter if his stand on any one or more of the issues involved
in the election is perceived to be too extreme by the voter and (iii) combinations of (i) and (ii). We extend the results
of Taylor by demonstrating the non-existence of an equilibrium point in these models in general and then showing that under
special circumstances, specialized variants of the “median” point(s) represent equilibrium or undominated points in these
models too. Thus a model of voting behavior results that is closer approximation of reality in that historically incumbents
tend to win. The primary conclusion of the paper is to suggest that incumbents tend to have an advantage when the election
process is characterized by a large presence of special interests or as information becomes more expensive to acquire.
Received: 13 February 1996 / Accepted: 27 March 1997 相似文献