Accelerated hazards mixture cure model

We propose a new cure model for survival data with a surviving or cure fraction. The new model is a mixture cure model where the covariate effects on the proportion of cure and the distribution of the failure time of uncured patients are separately modeled. Unlike the existing mixture cure models, the new model allows covariate effects on the failure time distribution of uncured patients to be negligible at time zero and to increase as time goes by. Such a model is particularly useful in some cancer treatments when the treat effect increases gradually from zero, and the existing models usually cannot handle this situation properly. We develop a rank based semiparametric estimation method to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in the model. We compare it with existing models and methods via a simulation study, and apply the model to a breast cancer data set. The numerical studies show that the new model provides a useful addition to the cure model literature.     

北宋经筵中的师道实践

依托士大夫阶层实行全面文治,是宋代政治文化最重要的特点,也是促使宋代儒学高度发达,士大夫阶层政治主体意识、精神自觉意识同时高涨最重要的推动力.在此基础上,宋代儒学最终发展出一套独立于政统的道统观,成为此后中国政治哲学中的重要观念.揆诸历史,这一现象的出现有其复杂的过程."师道"观念经中晚唐至宋初的古文运动,逐渐在儒家学者思维世界中渗透,而在宋真宗、仁宗两朝渐渐完善起来的经筵制度,使得士大夫依凭对儒家经典的诠释优先权,逐步取得对君主的教育权,并将道德规范加于君主权威之上.在士大夫以道自任的基础上,形成道统脱离政统而自足的契机.     

从人类中心主义到生态中心主义:梭罗生态哲学阐析

作为美国生态哲学的开拓者,梭罗的生态思想发轫于爱默生的超验主义,但又超越了超验主义的束缚。他从实践出发,重新审视人与自然的关系,认为人与自然处于平等地位,人类应当尊重自然,并在融入自然的过程中思考人生的意义。梭罗超越了他所处的时代,完成了从人类中心主义到生态中心主义的飞跃。     

“农转非”、人力资本回报与收入不平等——基于分位数回归分解的方法

随着中国城镇化进程的推进,越来越多的农村户籍人口实现了身份转换,成为制度认可的新市民。本文利用中国综合社会调查（CGSS）数据发现,即使户口状况相同,"新市民"与"老市民"之间依然存在一定的收入差距。分位数回归及其分解的结果显示,"农转非"人群在劳动力市场上仍受到制度性或非制度性歧视,且歧视程度随着分位数的变化呈现倒U型趋势。同时,"农转非"人群内部也存在较大的差异,歧视降低了自致型"农转非"人群相较于城市原居民的禀赋优势,而外致型"农转非"人群则面临人力资本劣势与就业市场歧视的双重压力。     

食品安全风险行政规制的信息工具选择

信息工具选择和运用直接关系到食品安全风险行政规制的效果.食品安全风险行政规制中信息工具的应用涵盖了信息收集渠道、信息公示平台、安全信息管理以及事后监管机制等.同时,食品安全风险行政规制信息工具存在具有信息来源与收集路径的单一性、信息流通的内部性、信息控制与公布的主体的多重性和相对人权利救济的滞后性等缺陷.为此,需要有针对性地拓展网络信息的收集路径;严格信息流通的责任制度;加强信息工具与其他工具的组合运用;完善风险信息发布的相对人救济机制,并引入预防性诉讼和公益诉讼制度.     

Internet Use and Subjective Well-Being in China

Using data from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies, we analyze the association between Internet use and various measures of subjective well-being (SWB) in a sample of 16- to 60-year-old Chinese. Our analysis shows that although intensive Internet use is significantly associated with lower levels of SWB, we hardly observe any associations when the focus is on participation in specific online activities. Nevertheless, SWB depends on the reasons for using the Internet and the extent to which individuals feel that their Internet use is displacing other activities. Our results suggest that, contrary to previous findings, differences in beneficial outcomes (the third level digital divide) do not necessarily arise from individuals’ actual Internet use (the second level digital divide) but rather may result from their subjective perceptions of such usage. Our findings also point to a possible cultural factor that puts Chinese Internet users at psychological risk.     

成年子女与老年父母间代际关系的类型

随着我国社会经济文化的变迁,作为老人晚年生活质量重要评价指标的家庭代际关系正发生着变化;同时,受传统家庭孝文化的影响,我国家庭代际关系的模式可能与西方家庭文化背景下的代际关系模式有所区别。基于此,本研究借用代际团结理论的六大维度,利用中国老年社会追踪调查2012年试调查数据和探索性的潜变量模型,分析成年子女与老年父母间的代际关系类型。通过比较几大类别模型的拟合指标,本研究发现成年子女与老年父母之间的代际关系类型主要分为紧密型、奉养有间型、疏远型三类。其中,接近1/3的代际关系为紧密型,超过一半的样本属于奉养有间型,1/10为疏远型。与以往研究对比发现,紧密型和疏远型分别为我国家庭代际关系的主要模式和稀有模式。但与传统孝文化下的同住奉养代际关系模式相比,奉养有间型的出现表明我国的家庭代际关系模式正在发生着变化,成年子女与老年父母间的代际关系呈现出多样化的趋势。成年子女既要遵循孝敬老人的传统文化,又想保持隐私、独立和个性发展,因而与老人分开居住。相关部门应根据家庭代际关系的模式制定促进紧密型与减少疏远型的公共政策,采取措施弥补奉养有间型模式下家庭照料的不足。     

农业转移人口就近城镇化意愿的地区差异

基于对中西部地区15个省市农业转移人口就近城镇化意愿的问卷调查数据,以社会认同度为研究视角,构建多群组结构方程模型分析中西部地区人口就近城镇化意愿的地区差异及其影响因素.研究结果表明:个人特征差异性对中西部不同地区人口就近城镇化意愿影响显著;中西部不同地区农业转移人口的社会认同度与其就近城镇化意愿显著正相关,且西部地区农业转移人口受到的影响作用更明显.东部地区农业转移人口更注重职业升迁机会、职业技能水平、子女教育状况、工资待遇水平、工作环境、工作时长的满意度.西部地区农业转移人口则更关注其与市民的关系、城市社会关系网络、户籍状况、基本公共服务、城市物价水平及居住条件的改善程度.     

Affective networks: how WeChat enhances Tencent’s digital business governance

An emerging body of literature has revealed that social media enhance digital business governance to facilitate Internet companies in generating profit throughout regulating the everyday lives of users. However, although existing debates are often contextualized in the West, little attention has been paid to China, where social media are widely used. To fill this knowledge gap, this article investigates the digital business governance practiced by Chinese Internet companies such as Tencent. Specifically, I employ an affective lens to analyze how WeChat, the most popular social media application launched by Tencent, allows this Internet company to influence users for its own business purposes. Chinese college students, which constitute a representative group of young people, were early adopters of WeChat, and they have led the trend of social media use in China. Based on a yearlong netnographic study of Chinese college students, the results reveal that the affective design of WeChat captured their attention and influenced their everyday practices. These results provide insight into how digital business governance operates in the Chinese context, in which authoritarianism and capitalism work closely together.     

On extreme order statistics from heterogeneous beta distributions with applications

This paper treats the problem of stochastic comparisons for the extreme order statistics arising from heterogeneous beta distributions. Some sufficient conditions involved in majorization-type partial orders are provided for comparing the extreme order statistics in the sense of various magnitude orderings including the likelihood ratio order, the reversed hazard rate order, the usual stochastic order, and the usual multivariate stochastic order. The results established here strengthen and extend those including Kochar and Xu (2007 Kochar, S.C., Xu, M. (2007). Stochastic comparisons of parallel systems when components have proportional hazard rates. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 21:597–609.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Mao and Hu (2010 Mao, T., Hu, T. (2010). Equivalent characterizations on orderings of order statistics and sample ranges. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 24:245–262.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Balakrishnan et al. (2014 Balakrishnan, N., Barmalzan, G., Haidari, A. (2014). On usual multivariate stochastic ordering of order statistics from heterogeneous beta variables. J. Multivariate Anal. 127:147–150.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), and Torrado (2015 Torrado, N. (2015). On magnitude orderings between smallest order statistics from heterogeneous beta distributions. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 426:824–838.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). A real application in system assembly and some numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the theoretical results.