Population statistics] as of July 1, 1996

In thousands, Thailand's total population as of July 1, 1996, was 59,781, of which 29,873 were male and 29,908 were female. 18,879 live in urban areas and 40,902 live in rural areas. 12,009 live in the northern region, 19,464 to the northeast, 7484 in the South, 12,969 centrally, and 7855 in the Bangkok metropolis. 17,217 were under age 15, 38,200 aged 15-59, and 4364 aged 60 and over. There were 15,421 women of reproductive ages 15-44. Crude birth and death rates per 1000 population were 15.6 and 5.0, respectively, with an overall natural growth rate of 1.1%. Infant mortality was 29.0 per 1000 live births. Male and female life expectancies at birth were 66.6 and 71.7 years, respectively. Further life expectancies at age 60 for males and females were 18.8 and 22.0 years, respectively. The rate of total fertility per woman was 1.95 with a contraceptive prevalence rate of 74.0% and an anticipated population of 70,835 in the year 2012.     

Population statistics] as of January 1, 1998

In thousands, Thailand's total population as of January 1, 1998, was 60,763, of which 30,363 were male and 30,400 were female. 19,127 live in urban areas and 41,636 live in rural areas. 11,363 live in the northern region, 20,720 to the northeast, 8021 in the South, 13,550 centrally, and 7109 in the Bangkok metropolis. 16,375 were under age 15, 39,282 aged 15-59, and 5106 aged 60 and over. There were 15,728 women of reproductive ages 15-44. Crude birth and death rates per 1000 population were 17.3 and 6.5, respectively, with an overall natural growth rate of 1.1%. Infant mortality was 25.0/1000 live births. Male and female life expectancies at birth were 66.6 and 71.7 years, respectively. Further life expectancies at age 60 for males and females were 20.3 and 23.9 years, respectively. The rate of total fertility per woman was 1.98, with a contraceptive prevalence rate of 72.2%.     

利用插入SLEEPY时间片降低单片机系统的功耗及负载效应

提出了采用插入ｓｌｅｅｐｙ状态,利用ＣＰＵ时间片损伤来降低单机系统负载效应并降低功耗的方法已应用于某现场的无源流量计,实践证明该方法是有效的,文中对其工作原理进行了论证,并建立了实验电路及程序。     

Migration and AIDS

This article presents the perspectives of UNAIDS and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) on migration and HIV/AIDS. It identifies research and action priorities and policy issues, and describes the current situation in major regions of the world. Migration is a process. Movement is enhanced by air transport, rising international trade, deregulation of trade practices, and opening of borders. Movements are restricted by laws and statutes. Denial to freely circulate and obtain asylum is associated with vulnerability to HIV infections. A UNAIDS policy paper in 1997 and IOM policy guidelines in 1988 affirm that refugees and asylum seekers should not be targeted for special measures due to HIV/AIDS. There is an urgent need to provide primary health services for migrants, voluntary counseling and testing, and more favorable conditions. Research is needed on the role of migration in the spread of HIV, the extent of migration, availability of health services, and options for HIV prevention. Research must be action-oriented and focused on vulnerability to HIV and risk taking behavior. There is substantial mobility in West and Central Africa, economic migration in South Africa, and nonvoluntary migration in Angola. Sex workers in southeast Asia contribute to the spread. The breakup of the USSR led to population shifts. Migrants in Central America and Mexico move north to the US where HIV prevalence is higher.     

落实推进科技发展的政策措施

2006年,全国科学技术大会召开,这次大会的主要议题是部署实施《国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要》,温家宝总理在这次大会上做了《〈国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要〉的讲话》的报告,温总理的《讲话》是指导我国科学技术研究发展规划方向的战略性文件,它明确了今后我国科技工作的着力点和主攻方向.     

建设天津东疆保税港区的战略构想与对策

根据世界自由港的经验与我国未来发展的实际需要及天津东疆港的条件,提出了把天津东疆港建成为中国北方国际航运中心和物流中心,成为我国口岸管理体制改革的试验区、天津滨海新区综合配套改革试验的先行区和我国高度开放的自由贸易示范港区的总体构想。在此基础上,提出了要制定好切实可行的规划;实现管理体制改革的突破;建立与完善法规体系;探索先进的资本运行模式;重视人才培养和引进及调动多方参与的积极性等对策。     

二叉树模型用于可转换公司债券定价

可转换公司债券兼具债券、股票和期权3个方面的部分特征,再加上可转债的赎回条款和回售条款,使其定价更为复杂.利用二叉树模型,给出了附有赎回条款和回售条款的可转债的定价方法,分析了赎回条款和回售条款对可转债的影响.     

并行和自适应搜索的遗传算法

遗传算法是受生物进化和遗传规律的启发而形成的一种优化算法.它仿照生物进化和遗传规律,利用复制、杂交、变异等操作,使优胜者生存繁殖,劣败者淘汰消亡,一代一代地重复操作,最终找出最优解.     

西方发达国家的家庭政策及对我国的启示

西方国家早期的家庭政策是通过普适性的福利性手段减少家庭贫困,全面提高公民的福利水平。20世纪60、70年代,西方国家完成人口转变之后,家庭的发展进入后现代化时期,家庭模式发生了巨大转变。为达到国家的人口战略目标,西方国家的家庭政策从覆盖全民的福利性保障,逐渐转为在保证福利的同时,更加注重鼓励生育。当前西方国家在家庭政策的实施中所采取的主要政策工具包括家庭补贴和税收优惠政策,产假、生育补贴和工作保护,以及儿童看护和教育政策。依据西方发达国家家庭政策的已有经验,我国家庭政策体系可以采取"保基本、广覆盖、福利与调控人口并重"的政策路线。