经济学理性主义传统的当代流变

经济学的传统是以理性主义作为传统的,本文通过介绍经济学的发展,以一股新的理性主义、历史主义、系统思维或非理性主义的潮流,冲击主流经济学的理性主义传统,对经济学理论反思的同时,并对经济学的未来进行方法论的解读。     

对跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷理论的几点思考

19世纪后期,马克思恩格斯根据对俄国农村公社制度及俄国进入社会主义的道路问题进行深入的研究后提出了跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷的理论。我国学术界和理论界在讨论马克思主义的“跨越论”中,曾有人提出苏联和中国是“跨越论”的例证。我们认为,马克思主义关于跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷的理论是有着客观条件的,持“跨越论”观点的理论依据是不充分的。实际上,无论苏联还是中国都没有实现真正意义上的跨越。     

内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型

本文以西安内陆外向型城市建设为例，运用系统工程的基本思想、网络理论及综合评价技术，构建了内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型，找到了西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要和次要障碍因素集，提出了在目前和今后较长的一段时间内，西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要任务是大力发展第三产业。本模型方法对其它地区的内陆外向型城市建设及复杂的社会经济系统障碍因素定量分析研究也有较好的参考价值     

仔猪水肿病菌苗制备及免疫效力的测定

用致仔猪水肿病的溶血性大肠杆菌制备氢氧化铝苗、蜂胶苗、油佐剂苗和超声波灭活苗,分别以0.1mL、0.2mL剂量免疫小白鼠,在免疫后24d用强毒株培养液攻击,结果显示:0.1mL氢氧化铝苗、0.2mL 蜂胶苗可使小白鼠获得100％的保护。0.1mL超声波灭活苗可使小白鼠获得80％的保护。用不同菌液免疫家兔,在免疫后21d、27d采血测其凝集抗体效价,21d、27d皆以油佐剂苗效价最高,达1:32、1:64,其次为蜂胶苗,为1:32(++)、1:32(++++)。     

Family roles and female mortality differentials across cultures: an inquiry of cultural adaptation in industrialization

The relationship between family support systems and female mortality in Chinese and American cultures is studied using 1980 official data from Taiwan and the United States. The differences in female mortality by marital status support the hypotheses that Chinese families provide greater support for older than younger females, and that the emphasis on filial piety in Chinese society provides more support for the elderly by Chinese than American children.     

A survey of the family planning work done in Dongguan County

The total fertility rate of women of childbearing age of Dongguan County in China has been decreasing gradually from 5.9 during the period following the liberation in 1949 to 2.05 in 1982. In order to encourage young couples to implement the policy of family planning consciously, the people's government of Dongguan county decided in July 1980 that all cadres and employees in county towns who received 1-child certificates would be exempted from house rent of 45 square meters from the time they get their certificates and would be allocated a living space of a 2-children family until their children reached age 16. It also stipulated that every couple could enjoy 1 month's holiday every year for 3 years and during the holiday, their salary, bonus and rate of attendance would not be affected. Because women bear less children today, they are relieved from heavy household chores and become the main working force in collective production. As a result, the development of town-run enterprises was stimulated and the total industrial output value of these enterprises increased. The average monthly salary of each female worker is about 100 yuan. In 1984, the average income per capita of the country rose to 649.2 yuan. The implementation of family planning work has eased the tension in the education field. Previously, because of the large number of school-age children in rural areas, teachers had to teach 2 classes. In the past 4 years, great emphasis was laid on intellectual investment. During this period, 2351 schools were built and several fundraising projects were implemented. Since 1981, more than 200 new running water projects were built, and new public services have been developed, including old age homes.     

考虑实体店公平关切的制造商线上入侵策略研究

在单一线下模式销售的基础上,考察制造商以转销模式进行线上入侵和以代销模式进行线上入侵这两种模式,通过数理推导和数值仿真得到的研究结果表明：（1）当实体店具有公平关切心理时,制造商进行线上入侵总是有利的。（2）当消费者对线上渠道接受程度较高且实体店公平关切程度较低时,制造商将以转销模式进行线上入侵;当消费者对线上渠道接受程度较低时,制造商会以代销模式进行线上入侵,并不受实体店公平关切程度的影响;而当消费者对线上渠道接受程度适中且实体店的公平关切程度较高时,制造商倾向于以转销模式进行线上入侵。（3）无论制造商选择哪种模式进行线上入侵,制造商的线下零售价格始终高于线上。此外,随着实体店公平关切程度的增强,线上渠道和线下渠道的零售价均会同步提高。     

基于交通量风险的PPP交通项目再融资产品设计

交通PPP项目的投资大、风险高。政府作为发起方,需要为项目提供担保以吸引社会资本方的参与,但过度依赖政府担保意味着：一旦发生数额较大的债务违约将会给财政造成巨大的负担,因此有必要谋求适宜的市场化融资渠道。为了协调PPP项目相关者的利益,本文在项目收益债的基础上嵌入了与项目未来收益挂钩的或有条款,并运用结构化方法中的Merton模型在风险中性情景下对融资产品进行了定价。最后,以某PPP交通项目为例,进行了具体的融资产品设计,计算了相应的产品价格和风险价差,并对某些关键条款进行了敏感性分析,结果表明该产品能够在有效减轻政府担保的基础上降低融资成本。     

基于长江经济带的金融资源与农业资本化耦合实证研究

农业资本化的本质是农业资本投入的不断增加,金融资源是实现农业资本化的根本保障,只有顺应农业资本化方向的金融资源才可减少无效或低效供给,增加有效或高效供给。本文首先从理论出发论述了金融资源与农业资本化存在相互作用的耦合机制。金融资源通过资本形成机制、技术进步机制和要素替代机制促进农业资本化发展,农业资本化的发展能带来农业生产效率和数量的提高,促进农业经营性收益增加,从而刺激农村地区金融服务产品的需求和供给得到提升,为金融资源总量增加提供累积空间。再基于长江经济带10省市2008—2019年样本数据,通过构建金融资源与农业资本化两大指标体系,运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型对金融资源与农业资本化的耦合协调程度进行实证检验。结果表明,金融资源与农业资本化的发展整体呈上升趋势,但二者存在背离的现象,农村金融资源不足或错配阻碍着金融资源与农业资本化相互促进的良性循环。