吉林省2000-2005年生育情况分析

吉林省2005年人口出生率7.89‰,低于全国平均水平,人口和计划生育工作形式总体是好的。但通过对吉林省2000-2005年生育情况的调查发现,全省低生育水平面临反弹的现实风险。我们必须清醒地看到,违法生育数量相对增加,一胎违法生育所占比例较大,再婚违法生育占违法多胎生育比例较大。在详细分析产生问题原因的基础上结合工作实际提出解决违法生育增多问题的建议。     

关于老年问题研究文献的内容分析

老年问题从家庭的、个人的问题逐渐变成了社会问题,引起了全社会的高度重视.本文应用内容分析方法,分析了我国自80年代以来,老年问题研究的历史、现状、总体趋势,并提出了几点建议.     

形象化板书的一点尝试

学生在学习语文的时候,总觉得比起其他学科来,语文要“虚”得多。这“虚”的意思就是说语文的知识点不如其他学科那么实在,一堂课下来,有种说不出什么的感觉。的确,语文跟其他学科不一样。有的学科一节课上完,板书上的内容就是本节课的要点,而语文要做到这一点是很不容易的＿＿因为它毕竟比其他学科显得形象化一些、美一些,如果也像有的学科那样利用板书在黑板上以纯文字的形式罗列知识点的话,语文便变得非常枯燥了,学生也不容易理解和感悟。怎样能让学生既明确一篇文章的特色、又不至于割裂文章、影响语文的美感呢？我们想到了形…     

国家发生学:经济学视角的初步解读

国家,这一高度复杂的人类组织形式,是怎样出现的?国家发生学,即国家起源的内生性问题,是社会科学界长久关注,复杂且重大的理论问题。研究者从政治学、历史学、社会学、人类学和经济学等不同学科角度,分别提出了契约说、水利灌溉说、人口压力说、战争说、比较优势说等多种假说。从国家起源的内生与外生的经济学视角,通过对上述主要假说进行初步的分类解读,可以看出,虽然已有假说中不乏洞见,但对演化进程的解释仍有不少重要缺环,尚未形成逻辑上自洽的国家起源内生理论。因此,有必要进一步研究国家如何内生的经济学思路:即以农业部落和游牧部落的冲突为基础,以部落间比较优势、部落内联合为机制,解释国家何以演化地出现。     

论当代青年社会主义核心价值观培育的几个基础理论问题

青年是我国社会主义事业的重要建设者和接班人。当前,对青年进行社会主义核心价值观培育,其重要性已基本形成了共识,在理论和实践两方面也都取得了进展。本文旨在深入阐释社会主义核心价值观的文化根源,理清青年社会主义核心价值观培育的发展历程与目标定位,从而为青年社会主义核心价值观培育筑牢理论基础。     

The influence of acculturation level and family relationships on quality of life among U.S. Chinese older adults

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the influence of acculturation level and family relationships (i.e., positive family support and negative family strain) on quality of life (QOL), using the data from the Population Study of ChINese Elderly (PINE) in Chicago (N = 3159). Controlling for sociodemographic variables and health status, it was found that individuals’ acculturation level and positive family support were positively related to QOL, whereas negative family strain was negatively associated with QOL. More importantly, higher acculturation levels were associated with increased protective effects of positive family support and reduced risk effects of negative family strain on QOL among U.S. Chinese older adults.     

新型城镇化发展质量提升创新驱动因素的实证分析

文章构建“创新驱动”视角下的新型城镇化发展质量评价指标体系,并测算出2000-2015年江、浙、沪的新型城镇化发展质量状况.依据三个地区“创新驱动”视角下的新型城镇化发展质量和影响因素的面板数据构建了随机效应变截矩模型,研究发现人力资本、技术创新、机构创新和制度创新等创新驱动因素对江、浙、沪新型城镇化发展质量提升起到重要的推动作用.     

Computing A-optimal and E-optimal designs for regression models via semidefinite programming

In semidefinite programming (SDP), we minimize a linear objective function subject to a linear matrix being positive semidefinite. A powerful program, SeDuMi, has been developed in MATLAB to solve SDP problems. In this article, we show in detail how to formulate A-optimal and E-optimal design problems as SDP problems and solve them by SeDuMi. This technique can be used to construct approximate A-optimal and E-optimal designs for all linear and nonlinear regression models with discrete design spaces. In addition, the results on discrete design spaces provide useful guidance for finding optimal designs on any continuous design space, and a convergence result is derived. Moreover, restrictions in the designs can be easily incorporated in the SDP problems and solved by SeDuMi. Several representative examples and one MATLAB program are given.     

The heterogeneous impact of pension income on elderly living arrangements: evidence from China’s new rural pension scheme

This paper investigates the impact of pension income on living arrangements of the elderly. Taking advantage of a unique opportunity due to the recent establishment and expansion of the New Rural Pension Scheme in China, we explicitly address the endogeneity of pension status and pension income through a fixed-effect model with instrumental variable approach by exploiting exogenous time variation in the program implementation at county level. We find an overall positive effect of pension income on independent living as well as considerable heterogeneity. The positive income effects of the NRPS are concentrated among the elderly with adult children living nearby, of higher socio-economic status, and with better health at baseline; for other groups, the effects are insignificant. We also find that more generous programs exhibit larger effects. Our results highlight that living arrangement is multidimensional in rural China.     

生命价值视角下农村留守老人的供养制度

农村留守老人的供养制度主要包括以种植或养殖为基础的自我供养、以晚辈支撑为基础的后代供养和以福利支持为基础的社会供养.对中国留守老人而言,“居家养老”仍会是未来一段时间符合乡村现实的养老方式.目前,“居家养老”所依靠的自我供养和后代供养逐渐呈现衰微的趋势,社会供养也十分有限.文章通过对留守老人社会角色的重新认知,可以发现他们并非“废弃的生命”,而是乡村重要的根基.立基于留守老人生命价值的供养制度应当包含:基于“分享”理念的福利制度,使留守老人从社会财富中分得应有份额;基于“大健康”理念的医疗制度,对留守老人的健康进行防微杜渐式关照;以“自下而上”理念为基础的文化制度,使留守老人真正获得精神喜乐.