消除影响民营经济发展的四大障碍

本文着重分析了影响民营经济发展中产权制度保护不完善、市场准入遭歧视、融资渠道不畅和民营企业自身素质较低等四大障碍。在此基础上 ,提出了消除障碍的四项措施。     

民族地区县级政府能力的内涵及建构

民族地区县级政府能力是民族地区拥有一定社会公共权力的县级政府,为消除民族地区县域社会发展差距,通过承担政府职能的目标和任务,采取制定政策和组织动员的方式,贯彻自己的意志,有效治理县域社会所具有的能量和力量的总和。提出民族地区县级政府能力的"七个"角色定位,并针对政府能力的强弱以及政府能力与市场能力、社会能力间的关系作了界定。     

Perceptions of Achievement and Achieving Peers in U.S. and Chinese Kindergartners

Two studies were conducted to examine perceptions about achievement and achiev‐ing peers in 190 U.S. and Chinese kindergartners. Children provided free‐narrative responses to story beginnings about an achieving protagonist in school settings. We found marked cultural differences. For achievement, U.S. children perceived more intellectual development, positive affects of the protagonist, and adult praise, where Chinese children perceived more social respect and their ability to help others. For lack of achievement in non‐achieving peers, U.S. children identified more negative affects, and Chinese children anticipated more negative reactions from adults. Moreover, although children in both cultures used non‐ability factors to explain achievement, Chinese children did so more consistently. Most strikingly, whereas Chinese children often expressed peer respect and desire to emulate the achieving protagonist, U.S. children frequently attributed peer negative reactions toward him or her. We interpret these differences as reflecting U.S. and Chinese cultural values regarding learning, achievement, and related self‐other perceptions.     

试论终身教育呼唤终身体育

由于科学技术的迅猛发展,20世纪60年代以来,终身教育成为国际社会新的教育思想,并以它的科学性被许多国家列入国家发展战略。我国把形成全民学习、终身学习的学习型社会作为全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标之一。在整个终身教育中,体育是基础,是第一位的。因为健康的身体素质是一个社会形象、精神气质以及文明程度的重要标志;是能够有效接受终身教育、高效奉献社会以及幸福生活的前提条件。因此,终身体育是终身教育体系的重要组成部分。为终身体育创建良好的氛围和环境,则成为推动终身体育社会化进程的关键所在。     

论农村、农业、农民的"四性与四化" --关于"三农"问题研究的理论构架

“把握农业的产业属性和市场化趋势,把握农村的社会属性和现代化进程;把握农民的主体属性和国民化要求;把握‘三农’的基础属性和国际化走向”即“三农”问题研究中的“四性与四化”的理论模式,这是在实际调查和对历史与现实情况的社会分析基础上提出的认识框架,它推进了“三农”理论的创新。     

浅谈语境对词的制约

词是语言中可以自由运用的最小单位。词与语境密切相关。语境关系顺应理论和语境的属性能够从以下几个方面对词有制约作用:它能够选择词和词义,补充句子的省略内容,增添词的文化内涵,以及制约词搭配时的词义。     

Testing the Significance of Categorical Predictor Variables in Nonparametric Regression Models

In this paper we propose a test for the significance of categorical predictors in nonparametric regression models. The test is fully data-driven and employs cross-validated smoothing parameter selection while the null distribution of the test is obtained via bootstrapping. The proposed approach allows applied researchers to test hypotheses concerning categorical variables in a fully nonparametric and robust framework, thereby deflecting potential criticism that a particular finding is driven by an arbitrary parametric specification. Simulations reveal that the test performs well, having significantly better power than a conventional frequency-based nonparametric test. The test is applied to determine whether OECD and non-OECD countries follow the same growth rate model or not. Our test suggests that OECD and non-OECD countries follow different growth rate models, while the tests based on a popular parametric specification and the conventional frequency-based nonparametric estimation method fail to detect any significant difference.     

A simple recursive estimation method for linear regression models with AR(p) disturbances

An exact transformation that reduces the AR(p) process into white noise is well known in statistics, see Fuller (1976). However, practitioners still use and econometric textbooks still recommend the Cochrane-Orcutt procedure for p>2, see Greene (1990). This paper derives an alternative exact transformation for the AR(p) process which is computationally simple. Based on this transformation, a GLS estimator is proposed, requiring only least squares regressions and recursive computations. This is illustrated for the AR(3) case.     

可换群的结构

本文通过研究完整子半群来确定可换群的结构，主要结果：Ⅰ若T是可换群G的完整子半群，则T是阿基米德的当且仅当T的极大完整子半群．ⅡG是可换群，T∈Γ（G），则T是特殊的当且仅当，Ⅲ可换群G∈Jω∩Js，若{ST1，ST2…，STr}，是一个Δ的一个浅显序子集，则以下等价：（1）=E0（2）{T1，T2，…，Tn}是Γ（G）的一个极大浅显序子集.（3）Γ（G）的每一条根包含唯一的Ti.（4）G是每一个拯小完整子半群包含唯一的STi.     

论转型国家金融自由化的不稳定因素——以俄罗斯为例

20世纪 90年代以来 ,大多数转型国家都实行了金融自由化改革 ,并取得了一定的进展 ,但也引发了种种不稳定因素 ,危及了这些国家金融体系的稳定。文章着重分析转型国家金融自由化改革中的不稳定因素 ,并将其分解为原生性和衍生性不稳定因素两个方面。文章选取俄罗斯进行了实证分析 ,指出俄罗斯不稳定的金融体系孕育了 1998年的金融危机和目前潜在的不稳定因素