中国传统社会救济与城市贫困人口社会救助理念建设

中国传统社会救济是现代社会救助不可回避的历史基础 ,其救济思想源于道义性。城市居民社会救助制度是对传统社会救济的根本性改革 ,其基本原则与传统社会救济截然不同 ,即强调社会救助中政府的法定责任、公民的法定权利和对应义务的统一。然而 ,传统社会救济思想以其强大的惯性力量影响着现代社会救助理念建设 ,使其表现出一定的滞后性 ,主要为 :对政府责任和公民权利强调不够 ;对民众社会救助义务宣传不力。理念建设的滞后使部分民众和工作人员对社会救助认识模糊、混乱 ,阻碍了社会救助制度健康发展。     

浅谈约旦穆斯林兄弟会与政府的关系

长期以来,约旦穆斯林兄弟会与政府保持着良好的合作关系。穆斯林兄弟会不仅未受政府的压制,反而处于上升的态势。这有别于埃及和其他国家穆斯林兄弟会与政府之间纷繁多变的关系,这种合作关系在整个中东地区的伊斯兰运动中都是罕见的。鉴于此,本文拟就约旦穆兄会与政府的关系作一论述。     

中国城乡居民年龄别消费模式量化与分析

文章采用2010年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据量化分析年龄别居民消费模式。针对同类研究只采用年龄变量作为自变量的不足,在经典的需求和消费函数基础上扩展年龄变量构建计量模型,获得了更好的解释力和准确性。基于计量分析结果刻画了分年龄、性别的中国城乡居民消费模式,并进行城乡比较。研究发现,居民家庭消费生命周期中存在30~34岁及45~49岁两个消费高峰;城乡居民消费差距最大的是高龄老人;农村老人在高龄阶段的医疗保健消费明显下降;农村中年妇女的医疗保健支出低于男性。研究认为,应从政策层面有针对性地加大对特定年龄性别人群的扶助力度;同时,未来产业规划应充分考虑人口结构变动因素的影响。     

Quantitative Analysis on the Impact of Urbanisation on Chinese Population Aging

This paper systematically studies the impact of fertility, mortality, initial age structure and rural-urban migration on population aging in rural and urban China from 2000 to 2010. The results show that urbanisation plays a crucial role in population aging in both rural and urban areas and its inf luence is closely linked to the age pattern of the migrants. One third of young rural population transformed into urban population during that period. The contribution of rural-urban migration to population aging in rural areas is 43.4 percent, which is higher than any inf luences from population’s natural changes, and is dominant in population aging in the countryside. Rural-urban migration contributes-118.0 percent to population aging in urban areas by reducing the proportion of aged population and its influence was only lower than that of the initial age structure. The impact of urbanisation on population aging in towns is relatively limited. Among factors from population’s natural changes, the inf luence of the initial age structure is higher than those from changes of mortality and fertility. The paper discusses the causes and developmental trends of impact of urbanisation on population aging between rural and urban areas, and addresses some policy recommendations to deal with socio-economic challenges.     

《新民主主义论》与毛泽东的文化自觉

《新民主主义论》是马克思主义中国化的第一个理论成果,它是在总结革命斗争的实践经验、反思三十年代东西文化论战和反击国民党文化围剿的背景下产生的。《新民主主义论》集中体现了毛泽东的文化自觉,深刻认识文化在社会革命中的地位作用,准确把握新文化发展的基本规律,科学筹划新民主义文化建设蓝图,认真领会毛泽东的文化思想和文化精神,对中国特色社会主义文化建设具有重要的指导意义。     

资本流入、实际汇率与我国经济的结构性不平衡——基于TNT模型的研究

通过贸易品和非贸易品(TNT)模型研究资本流入对我国资源进行重新配置的机理,从对我国实际汇率的结构分解中发现,贸易品价格变动是构成我国实际汇率波动的主要因素,资本流入对我国经济部门的结构性影响体现在大幅提高了非贸易品价格;而贸易部门中加工贸易部门较一般贸易部门获得了更多的发展机会,这带来了我国经济的结构性不平衡。应当理性对待资本流入,适时改变引资战略。     

Inequality in Social Insurance Participation and Generosity: Do Firm Characteristics Matter?

Income inequality in China has been much documented and debated. However, one important aspect of income inequality – social insurance inequality – has been largely understudied. We use a large national panel of firm data to examine the possible influence of various firm characteristics on the inequalities in social insurance participation and generosity in the period 2004–07. Our findings reveal substantial ownership sector and regional gaps in social insurance provision by firms, with the private domestic sector and those in the central region lagging behind. Unionized firms, larger firms, and firms with greater market shares also tend to provide better social insurance to their employees. While being an exporting firm is linked with greater social insurance participation and generosity, being a purely exporting firm, however, is associated with reduced social insurance generosity. Lastly, highly educated workers receive substantially better social insurance coverage than their less educated peers. These social insurance inequalities are highly relevant as China pushes forward with establishing a unified social insurance system across urban‐rural boundaries, ownership sectors and industries.     

Is Chinese National Health Insurance Effective in the Face of Severe Illness? A Perspective from Health Service Utilization and Economic Burden

Over the past decade, health insurance coverage has expanded dramatically in China. Health insurance benefits, however, remain shallow or ambiguous. This study examines the effect of Chinese national health insurance policy on health service utilization and economic burden in urban settings using the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance Household Survey. We employ the Heckman selection model to correct for selection bias among hospital inpatients, and find that compared to individuals without health insurance, those with health insurance are more likely to be admitted to the hospital when their physicians recommended them to enter the hospital as inpatients. Health insurance is also associated with about 45.6 % decrease in out-of-pocket inpatient expenditures. Individuals with urban employee basic medical insurance see the largest decrease in economic burden, followed by individuals with urban resident basic medical Insurance, and those with new rural cooperative medical insurance.     

人口转型与中国农业可持续增长

禀赋性资源的约束性,已成为农业可持续增长的瓶颈.农业人口生产由数量偏好向质量偏好转变带来的技术进步型农业的增长方式,有效地保证了农业的可持续增长.而农业可持续增长是一种不依赖传统生产要素增加,却是以农业技术进步为源泉的农业生产总量的增长.本文通过对人口转型影响要素和技术进步中介效应的计量分析,验证了人口转型通过对农业技术进步的影响进而促进农业可持续增长的途径,也即验证了人口转型、技术进步与农业可持续增长三者间的关系.优化教育资源合力打造适宜农民培养体系实现农业人口转型,有效保证农业科技的进步和推广应用,是保障农业可持续增长的有效措施.     

壮族民间信仰起源、发展与复兴——壮族民间信仰研究系列论文之一

壮族在长期的历史发展过程中形成了形式多样、内容丰富的民间信仰文化.壮族民间信仰与世界上其他民族的民间信仰一样起源于原始社会,其经历了原生起源缓慢发展期、原生信仰与外来宗教信仰磨合发展期、断裂期、复兴与重构期四个主要发展阶段,每个阶段的发展特点与社会生产力发展水平、人们的认知水平以及当时国家推行的文化、宗教政策有着密切关系.改革开放后,壮族民间信仰复兴现象普遍在壮族地区出现,这是传统文化复兴的重要体现,是社会发展的必然选择.在新时期,应坚持人类社会学中的“示范性指导”理念对信仰加以引导,实现壮族民间信仰的良性发展,使其能够更有效地协调社会和谐发展.