对跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷理论的几点思考

19世纪后期,马克思恩格斯根据对俄国农村公社制度及俄国进入社会主义的道路问题进行深入的研究后提出了跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷的理论。我国学术界和理论界在讨论马克思主义的“跨越论”中,曾有人提出苏联和中国是“跨越论”的例证。我们认为,马克思主义关于跨越资本主义卡夫丁峡谷的理论是有着客观条件的,持“跨越论”观点的理论依据是不充分的。实际上,无论苏联还是中国都没有实现真正意义上的跨越。     

基础产业集团企业在投资决策中的博弈分析

我国基础产业具有明显寡头垄断的行业特点,这些产业中的集团企业在投资决策中的一些行为可以博弈论的观点进行合理解释。本文在分析这些特点的基础上,建立了一个数学模型,对我国基础产业集团企业决策的博弈过程进行了描述,并利用该模型分析了集团企业的投资行为。分析结果表明,该模型较好地反映了我国基础产业集团企业投资决策过程中的一些现象,并使这些现象得到了经济学意义上的合理解释。     

内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型

本文以西安内陆外向型城市建设为例，运用系统工程的基本思想、网络理论及综合评价技术，构建了内陆外向型城市建设的障碍因素集层次结构分析模型，找到了西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要和次要障碍因素集，提出了在目前和今后较长的一段时间内，西安内陆外向型城市建设的主要任务是大力发展第三产业。本模型方法对其它地区的内陆外向型城市建设及复杂的社会经济系统障碍因素定量分析研究也有较好的参考价值     

仔猪水肿病菌苗制备及免疫效力的测定

用致仔猪水肿病的溶血性大肠杆菌制备氢氧化铝苗、蜂胶苗、油佐剂苗和超声波灭活苗,分别以0.1mL、0.2mL剂量免疫小白鼠,在免疫后24d用强毒株培养液攻击,结果显示:0.1mL氢氧化铝苗、0.2mL 蜂胶苗可使小白鼠获得100％的保护。0.1mL超声波灭活苗可使小白鼠获得80％的保护。用不同菌液免疫家兔,在免疫后21d、27d采血测其凝集抗体效价,21d、27d皆以油佐剂苗效价最高,达1:32、1:64,其次为蜂胶苗,为1:32(++)、1:32(++++)。     

Family roles and female mortality differentials across cultures: an inquiry of cultural adaptation in industrialization

The relationship between family support systems and female mortality in Chinese and American cultures is studied using 1980 official data from Taiwan and the United States. The differences in female mortality by marital status support the hypotheses that Chinese families provide greater support for older than younger females, and that the emphasis on filial piety in Chinese society provides more support for the elderly by Chinese than American children.     

A survey of the family planning work done in Dongguan County

The total fertility rate of women of childbearing age of Dongguan County in China has been decreasing gradually from 5.9 during the period following the liberation in 1949 to 2.05 in 1982. In order to encourage young couples to implement the policy of family planning consciously, the people's government of Dongguan county decided in July 1980 that all cadres and employees in county towns who received 1-child certificates would be exempted from house rent of 45 square meters from the time they get their certificates and would be allocated a living space of a 2-children family until their children reached age 16. It also stipulated that every couple could enjoy 1 month's holiday every year for 3 years and during the holiday, their salary, bonus and rate of attendance would not be affected. Because women bear less children today, they are relieved from heavy household chores and become the main working force in collective production. As a result, the development of town-run enterprises was stimulated and the total industrial output value of these enterprises increased. The average monthly salary of each female worker is about 100 yuan. In 1984, the average income per capita of the country rose to 649.2 yuan. The implementation of family planning work has eased the tension in the education field. Previously, because of the large number of school-age children in rural areas, teachers had to teach 2 classes. In the past 4 years, great emphasis was laid on intellectual investment. During this period, 2351 schools were built and several fundraising projects were implemented. Since 1981, more than 200 new running water projects were built, and new public services have been developed, including old age homes.     

基于长江经济带的金融资源与农业资本化耦合实证研究

农业资本化的本质是农业资本投入的不断增加,金融资源是实现农业资本化的根本保障,只有顺应农业资本化方向的金融资源才可减少无效或低效供给,增加有效或高效供给。本文首先从理论出发论述了金融资源与农业资本化存在相互作用的耦合机制。金融资源通过资本形成机制、技术进步机制和要素替代机制促进农业资本化发展,农业资本化的发展能带来农业生产效率和数量的提高,促进农业经营性收益增加,从而刺激农村地区金融服务产品的需求和供给得到提升,为金融资源总量增加提供累积空间。再基于长江经济带10省市2008—2019年样本数据,通过构建金融资源与农业资本化两大指标体系,运用熵值法和耦合协调度模型对金融资源与农业资本化的耦合协调程度进行实证检验。结果表明,金融资源与农业资本化的发展整体呈上升趋势,但二者存在背离的现象,农村金融资源不足或错配阻碍着金融资源与农业资本化相互促进的良性循环。     

我国西南地区乡村治理的历史变迁、现状问题与实践路向

现代意义上的乡村治理是通过国家、社会、乡村等的共同作用,来实现对乡村社会动态调控和管理的过程,具有参与主体多元、管理方式民主、运行过程公开等特点。新中国成立以来,西南地区乡村治理共经历了四个各具特色的阶段。新时代的新阶段,这一地区在由脱贫攻坚向乡村振兴转轨的过程中面临着诸多亟待解决的现实问题。在汲取历史经验教训的基础上,针对这些问题可提出若干相应的对策建议。这对在新阶段推进该地区乃至全国的乡村治理现代化,都具有不言而喻的意义和价值。     

在坚守与转换中思索人性:刘庆邦小说的空间书写

刘庆邦着眼于我国城乡社会结构的变迁,多年来坚持书写农村题材和普通矿工的平凡生活,新世纪以来创作的“保姆在北京”系列小说则将创作视点转移至进城打工的保姆群体,不变的是他对底层百姓的人道主义关怀及对人性问题的深入思索。不论是城乡交叉地带的煤矿叙事所呈现出的物理空间、心理空间和社会空间,还是“保姆在北京”系列小说中空间权力对进城乡下女性的规约与限制,都表现出刘庆邦小说明显的空间意识,也体现了他小说创作的独特价值。