澳大利亚女子高等教育发展的经验及借鉴意义

澳大利亚女子高等教育自19世纪末诞生以来,在政治、经济、文化等外部因素和自身发展规律的双重推动下,经历了一个从萌芽到初步发展再至快速发展的过程,但也存在着专业分布不合理、弱势群体就读率低、女性参与研究和大学管理的层次较低等问题。其对我国发展女子高等教育的启示是：遵循内外部发展规律,实行多样化办学,加大贫困子女就学的支持力度等。     

A Bayesian Adjustment for Covariate Misclassification with Correlated Binary Outcome Data

Estimated associations between an outcome variable and misclassified covariates tend to be biased when the methods of estimation that ignore the classification error are applied. Available methods to account for misclassification often require the use of a validation sample (i.e. a gold standard). In practice, however, such a gold standard may be unavailable or impractical. We propose a Bayesian approach to adjust for misclassification in a binary covariate in the random effect logistic model when a gold standard is not available. This Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach uses two imperfect measures of a dichotomous exposure under the assumptions of conditional independence and non-differential misclassification. A simulated numerical example and a real clinical example are given to illustrate the proposed approach. Our results suggest that the estimated log odds of inpatient care and the corresponding standard deviation are much larger in our proposed method compared with the models ignoring misclassification. Ignoring misclassification produces downwardly biased estimates and underestimate uncertainty.     

伊玛堪生成发展的文化基础及其历史价值

伊玛堪以东北地区高纬度、寒温带大陆性季风气候的三江流域为地理环境基础,以渔猎为物质文化基础,以萨满教为精神文化基础,以相邻民族文化涵化为多元文化基础而产生并代代相传;作为赫哲族独有的一种口耳相授的古老文学样式,在历史学、民族学、民俗学、哲学、宗教学、美学、语言学、文学等诸多领域中展现出丰富的文化内涵,是赫哲族传统文化的“活化石”,为赫哲族历史文化研究提供了大量的佐证资料,具有极其珍贵的历史文化价值.     

几种传输线的场分布

求开放平板线、外正三角形內圆同轴线、外方內圆同轴线、外正六边形內圆同轴线的特性阻抗而建立的精确保角变换的基础上,本文进一步讨论了显式逆变换函数,从而求得了这几种传输线的场分布的闭合表达式。由于所用保角变换的精确性,所得的显式场分布在内导体和外导体的内接圆尺寸之比小于0.5in。基本上是准确的,在这个尺寸比稍大些时也可作为参考。这些场分布对于了解传输线的功率容量,计算衰减常数,考虑功率耦合,设计有关的有源器件等都是必不可少的。文中获得的几种传输线的场分布的显著特点是计算方便,在一般实用范围內有足够的精度。     

国有银行金融交易结构比较与其金融风险状态分析

在传统体制下,我国国有银行是一种行政机关及经济组织的捏合体,垄断信用、统存统贷,并履行结算支付职能,充当“公共簿记”。在社会经济活动有限的债权债务关系中,银行的最终债权人与最终债务人都是国家,银行经营成果及收支最后均由财政统一包揽,事实上并不存在真正...     

总量函数与精确指数的关系研究

一、问题的提出指数是一个古老且为大家熟悉的经济分析方法。在复杂经济系统中,对于不同商品的总体,在数量上往往是不能直接加总的,要综合测定其变动程度,只有通过引进一个同度量因素,使之过渡到可以直接加总的综合指标,而后进行不同区域间或不同时期的对比,来测定...     

CeO2／蛇纹石体系对饮用水的脱氟行为研究

本文探讨了利用均相沉淀法制备的二氧化铈的脱氟行为,并利用蛇纹石作为载体,对CeO2/蛇纹石体系的除氟行为及最佳条件进行了进一步的研究,结果表明：均相沉淀法得到的二氧化铈除氟效率高,除氟容量可达11.76mg/g。以二氧化铈;蛇纹石为1：10的混合体系的除氟容量大大高于其他方法处理过的蛇纹石体系,其附近氟容量达到0.568mg/g。     

On a Class of Nonlinear AR(P) Models with Nonlinear ARCH Errors

This paper studies general sufficient conditions for the geometric ergodicity and the existence of moments for a class of nonlinear autoregressive models with nonlinear ARCH errors. Applications of these conditions to various well-known nonlinear time series models yield specific sufficient conditions, many of which are new or generalizations of existing conditions.     

A Note on the Likelihood Ratio Test for Equality of k Normal Populations

The authors derive the analytic expressions for the mean and variance of the log-likelihood ratio for testing equality of k (k ≥ 2) normal populations, and suggest a chi-square approximation and a gamma approximation to the exact null distribution. Numerical comparisons show that the two approximations and the original beta approximation of Neyman and Pearson (1931 Neyman , J. , Pearson , E. S. ( 1931 ). On the problem of k samples . In: Neyman , J. , Pearson , E. S. , eds. Joint Statistical Papers . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , pp. 116 – 131 . [Google Scholar]) are all accurate, and the gamma approximation is the most accurate.     

Zone control charts with estimated parameters for detecting prespecified changes in linear profiles

ABSTRACT

In profile monitoring, control charts are proposed to detect unanticipated changes, and it is usually assumed that the in-control parameters are known. However, due to the characteristics of a system or process, the prespecified changes would appear in the process. Moreover, in most applications, the in-control parameters are usually unknown. To overcome these issues, we develop the zone control charts with estimated parameters to detect small shifts of these prespecified changes. The effects of estimation error have been investigated on the performance of the proposed charts. To account for the practitioner-to-practitioner variability, the expected average run length (ARL) and the standard deviation of the average run length (SDARL) is used as the performance metrics. Our results show that the estimation error results in the significant variation in the ARL distribution. Furthermore, in order to adequately reduce the variability, more phase I samples are required in terms of the SDARL metric than that in terms of the expected ARL metric. In addition, more observations on each sampled profile are suggested to improve the charts' performance, especially for small phase I sample sizes. Finally, an illustrative example is given to show the performance of the proposed zone control charts.