Sustainability of family planning and health projects

USAID has assisted the Ghanian Ministry of Health since 1991 to boost family planning services under the Ghana Family Planning and Health Project by providing supplies and information and increasing the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. The sustainability of the health system is endangered by favoring capital expenditures in lieu of continuous expenditures; the lack of linkage between project activities and regular activities; the centralization of resource flow; and too ambitious targeting. Capital outlays provided by USAID featured in the construction of four public health laboratories, but their operation also requires continuous financing amounting to about 10% of the whole investment. The latter is the responsibility of the government, although the details of these recurrent costs were not detailed at the outset and providing these funds for continuous operation may impair the operation of other systems. The resource constraints could be alleviated by an effective cost-recovery system or by the general improvement of the economy. The lack of linkage between project and regular activities is serious at regional and district levels. The centralization of resource flow means that most resources are kept for headquarter level activities, thus other activities suffer and the health sector becomes excessively reliant on donor support. Too ambitious planning stems from pressure on donors and hastily implemented projects result in duplication and waste. Closer consultation with the parties involved would improve the situation. The rivalry of technical and policy groups has contributed to past deficiencies. Double funding for the same activity has also occurred further increasing the dependence on donor funding. By concentration on people and systems sustainability would be enhanced, while cost recovery would help the operation of the laboratories. The Health Education Unit (HEU) recognized the importance of IEC and obtained financing for such activities.     

地铁票价涨到多少 能让你放弃？

地铁，痛并依赖着 微信上曝出的征求意见稿中写明：“本市轨道交通实施计程计时票制。起步价3元可乘坐0到6公里，4元可乘坐6至16公里，乘坐16公里以上均为5元。乘客在付费区最长停留时间为44,时，超时须补交费用。”     

May Wang给你讲“软装”

中赫时尚是一家权威的时尚职业体验式培训机构,多年来一直专注于不断推出具有行业开创性的高品质专业培训课程。May Wang是中赫时尚软装课程高级讲师,资深软装搭配师,织物面料讲师。自2003年至今从事高端进口装饰面料的推广及搭配,十多年进口高端布艺的销售及设计经验,深知行业的发展趋势及时尚潮流。     

中国人口学科国际化水平及其影响因素

国际化是学科成熟与发展的一个重要指标。但是作为世界人口第一大国,中国人口学科的国际化并没有发展到一个相对应的水平。在界定了学科国际化概念的基础上,借助问卷调查数据来分析中国人口学科国际化的现状,探讨中国人口科学继续与国际学界融合所面临的困难及其主要原因。结果表明,中国人口学的国际化明显处于不断萎缩的态势,其直接动因和深层次缘由分别是整个人口学界的国际化意识与能力的减弱,以及人口学科文化与制度本身存在的缺陷。加强国际化的学科文化建设与建立相配套的学科制度是提高中国人口学科国际化水平的重要途径。     

情融山河 意溢草木

正"情融山河,意溢草木",这是著名画家、美术教育家、中国美协副主席、中央美术学院院长古元先生评价郭钟永作品时说的。郭钟永教授,北京人,毕业于北京师范大学。著名画家,学者,美术教育家,号风流墨客。中国美术家协会会员、中国书法家协会会员、中国民间文艺家协会会员。当代中国写意花鸟画领军艺术家。韩国现代美术人协会招待作家,北京联合大学艺术教育学科负责人。海南同和     

三次党内集中学习教育活动的回顾与思考(英文)

21世纪以来,中国共产党相继开展了农村三个代表重要思想学习教育活动,以实践三个代表重要思想为主要内容的保持党员先进性教育活动和深入学习实践科学发展观活动。通过这三次活动,广大党员、干部受到深刻的马克思主义教育,进一步增强了对三个代表重要思想的认识。这三次活动对于在新的历史起点上推进党的建设的伟大工程,具有十分重要的启示意义。     

SNA关于生产资产的修订及对中国国民经济核算的影响研究

本文对2008年SNA关于生产资产分类的修订及对资产边界的扩展进行了梳理,分析了这些变化对中国国民经济核算体系的影响,提出了中国实施这些修订的建议。     

SPECIAL ISSUE： ONLINE LITERATURE IN CHINA： PRESENT SITUATION AND THEORETICAL REFLECTIONS Online Writing in the Course of Discourse Transformation： A Review of Ten Outstanding Online Novels of the Past Decade

中国当代文学阅读层面上的价值认同正在经受前所未有的挑战。特别是新世纪以来，新的写作群体、写作方式不断涌现，使固有的理论批评体系遭到撞击、被撕裂，从而导致理论批评不时出现失语现象。随着网络文学的迅猛发展，非主流文学在阅读与消费环节中的影响日益增强，这就使得上述问题转化成了新的矛盾——互相不能包容的阅读隔膜。十多年来，网络上产生了海量的小说文本，逐渐形成了二十多种类型；本文兼顾时间跨度和创作类型，遴选了十年中不同类型的十部佳作，并针对它们区别于纸质媒体的艺术审美和创作特点进行了述评。     

关于宗教与社会主义社会相适应的思考

引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应是我国宗教工作的出发点和落脚点,是我国宗教工作方针的重要组成部分。本文从宗教与其所处的社会相适应是宗教历史和发展的必然、引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应原则的确立是马克思主义宗教观的丰富和发展、宗教从其自身条件来看是能够与社会主义社会相适应的以及探索宗教与社会主义社会相适应的途径和方法四个方面阐述了宗教与社会主义社会相适应这一论断的科学内涵和现实意义。