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81.
ABSTRACT.The article analyzes 3 severe cases of child abuse that were widely discussed in the mass media in China in 2007 based on a framework used by the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect in its official publication World Perspectives on Child Abuse. The framework sets out the basic elements that must be included in systems of child protection: a) a responsible government or government-authorized organization; b) a set of institutional arrangements for reporting cases of child abuse, investigation, and intervening when necessary; and c) state guardianship or mechanisms to remove children from their parents’ care when necessary. By applying the framework to the 3 cases under analysis, the authors found that these basic elements are missing from the Chinese child protection system, and therefore, they recommend that a reform of the system to address these elements should be a priority for Chinese social policy. The article makes a number of recommendations for reform. 相似文献
82.
Xiaoyuan Shang 《Asia Pacific journal of social work》2013,23(1-2):127-138
This study focuses on the problems associated with caring for children with cerebral palsy (CWCP) in Chinese State Children's Welfare Institutions (SCWIs). It considers how to place these children with foster families and also provide them with the best rehabilitation services. In a pilot project, one SCWI trained foster parents as rehabilitators and provided services to CWCPs living with foster families in selected rural communities. The practice was very successful over the last decade, and more than 600 CWCPs in these communities are growing up happily. Hence, specialized foster care projects could be a solution for all SCWIs in China, where most of the institutionalized children are disabled. 相似文献
83.
商丽浩 《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2010,40(4):71-77
民国初期,政府通过教学工作量将大学教师职业划分为专任教师和兼任教师两种类型。当时,大学盛行聘请兼任教师及专任教师在外校兼课,兼任教师和专任教师之间的区别不明显。这种现象受到了海内外学者的批评,此后,中国的学界、大学和政府逐渐限制兼任教师:学界注重构筑官职和学术职业的界限,限制大学专任教师兼任官职|大学约束本校教师外出兼课|政府限制大学聘请过多的兼任教师。到民国后期,中国大学学术职业的专任程度逐步提高。这一历程反映了大学由注重教学绩效向关注学术质量的转变。 相似文献
84.
Most orphaned children in China are cared for by their extended families or become state wards under the guardianship of child welfare institutions. Some exceptions are children who are found and cared for by families in the community, without a formalized adoption or foster relationship. In some locations, institutions now accept guardianship for these children and support the informal adoptive family to continue to care for them. This article examines the outcomes for these children as they became young adults by comparing these 12 children raised within the system as they approach or have approached young adulthood (now aged 16–40 years-old). Some of the participants were either informally adopted or lived in institutional care. The results of this study found that the family environment was more conducive to the young people’s wellbeing as they approached or entered adulthood. The participants raised in informal care appeared to be treated similar to the biological children in these families. When the institution formalized the state guardianship responsibility, it also meant the families had state resources for support to protect the children’s rights to economic security, education, health care, and social participation. This practice by the institution supported the addition of informal adoption, as one step closer to permanency than foster care. Future implications include considering this option to help promote the family system assisting these children, families, and the state. 相似文献
85.
张尚仁 《云南大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,5(1):40-47
"生态"概念作为元哲学范畴的提出,包括三个方面的内容--生态世界观、生态思维观和生态社会观.生态世界观认为人生活在其中的世界是人、社会与自然处在统一的生态系统中的世界.生态思维观以复杂系统为对象,具有具体性、关联性和变动性等特点.生态社会观则把社会放在人类史与自然史相互作用的不断演化的复合生态系统中来考察. 相似文献
86.
87.
China is experiencing rapid population ageing and already has 44 million older people with disabilities aged over 59 years. Yet social support of these older people with disabilities is undeveloped and not well researched. This article contributes by using a disability rights framework (right to life and protection, economic security and social support) to analyze local cases in rural China. It finds that, although the family is still the main provider of economic and care support to rural older people with disabilities, the absence of a state role in welfare provision has negative impacts on the well‐being of older and younger generations in rural families. 相似文献
88.
89.
This paper describes a pilot study on child multidimensional poverty in rural China by introducing the Alkire–Foster method based on survey data collected from five provinces/autonomous regions. Results showed that the headcount ratio of child multidimensional poverty was 14.29%. On average, multidimensionally poor children were deprived in 37.62% of all the dimensions, and their adjusted headcount ratio (multidimensional poverty) index was 0.054. Health was the most deprived dimension, followed by the subsistence and participation dimensions. Disabled children, children influenced by HIV/AIDS, and ethnic minority children were severely deprived. This study not only adds to the current literature on child poverty in China, but also provides policy suggestions for future action plans. 相似文献
90.
通过利用2001-2008年上市公司财务数据,采用GMM动态面板分析方法,研究了公司持有现金和债务比例的相互关系以及两者随现金流变动的变化规律。尽管总体样本表明,我国上市公司都存在显著的正的现金-现金流敏感性和负的债务-现金流敏感性,且现金持有和负债存在显著的替代关系。但是,在逐步考虑融资约束和对冲需求的条件下,公司持有现金和降低债务的偏好随之发生较大的差异和分化,而且,现金和债务的严格替代关系主要存在于未来现金流紧张的融资约束公司中。这些实证结果说明,我国上市公司既有与发达国家相似的持有现金与债务择机而变的现金流管理政策,同时也存在与我国资本市场不完善条件下自有的财务最优行为。 相似文献