Market Reform and the Widening of the Income Gap

在市场化过程中,中国出现了收入差距不断扩大的趋势,从而社会上出现了一些将收入差距扩大的原因归结为市场化改革的错误认识。本文通过对我国改革开放以来收入分配格局变化的主要特点和导致收入差距扩大的原因加以细致实证分析, 对一些模糊认识加以澄清。本文认为在个人收入差距扩大的诸多因素中,传统计划 体制遗留下来的一些制度和政策,在部门利益和地方利益驱使下新形成的有悖于市 场体制规则的制度和政策,政府对市场缺失和市场扭曲采取的不作为态度,对资本 节制和劳动保护的不足,政府对经济的过度干预,成为导致收入差距扩大和收入分 配不公的最重要因素。

关键词: 收入差距?改革?城乡?中国

In the course of marketization in China, there has been a trend for the income gap to become ever wider. Some people have mistakenly attributed the gap to market reforms. This article provides a detailed empirical analysis of the changes in income distribution patterns and the reasons for the increasing income gap to clear up such misunderstandings. We believe the most important factors in the widening of the income gap and unequal income distribution are institutions and policies inherited from traditional economic planning; newly emerging systems and policies driven by departmental and local interests that run counter to market laws; lack of government action on gaps or distortions in the market; insufficient capital regulation and labor protection; and excessive government intervention in the economy.     

生态伦理视角下广西海洋文化核心理念建构

广西作为惟一沿海的少数民族自治区和西部大开发中惟一有海的省区,海洋事业事关经济社会发展大局,海洋文化的传承则关乎广西民族文化强区的实现。广西传统海洋文化中蕴藏着朴素的生态伦理智慧,广西经济社会的和谐发展和民族文化强区目标的实现,要求广西传统海洋文化必须融入现代生态伦理思想,建构平等、至善、开放的现代海洋伦理观。     

Chinese Immigrant Women Workers' Mediated Negotiations With Constraints On Their Cultural Identities

Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this study examines the cultural identities of Chinese immigrant women workers in American society, that is, how the women negotiate with white supremacist cultural values that seek to interpellate them through their everyday use of media. I argue that through certain Chinese ethnic newspapers' cultural discourses, white supremacist cultural values penetrate the women's private lives and regulate their daily matters as minute as the color of their socks. Yet, the women's responses to these mediated discourses reveal that mainstream cultural values are only part of a more complex cultural quandary, which results from a number of constraints facing the women everyday: material difficulty, racial-cultural marginalization, and ethnic patriarchal control. In our group and individual interviews, my participants critically interpreted and negotiated with this cultural quandary. Their negotiation has great value, since it attests to their heightened cultural consciousness. From another perspective, however, their heightened consciousness has yet to develop into a strategic bicultural or multicultural identity, the “mestiza identity” in Anzaldua's words, as a result of the financial, racial, patriarchal, cultural, and psychological constraints in their lives. This situation leads us to reflect more on how we can help to lift these constraints, so that these women can strategically incorporate both Chinese and American cultural practices to improve their quality of life.     

海外并购中知识产权获取影响因素评价研究

在企业融入全球化趋势的过程中,海外并购是我国进入国际市场、获取国外先进技术的重要方式.本文厘清了通过海外并购的方式获取知识产权的必要性,梳理了中国企业海外知识产权并购历史进程,提出了海外并购基本流程的概念模型,分析了海外并购不同阶段的知识产权风险,构建了海外并购中知识产权获取影响因素评价指标体系,提出了知识产权获取影响因素评价方法,以期为有效规避并购风险,增加并购成功率提供一种新思路.     

近代城市黑幕小说的再审视——以《上海秘幕》及《北京黑幕大观》为中心

文字而冠以黑幕,本就带有浓重的商业炒作色彩,这在小说市场化、商品化的近代城市并不为过。问题在于学界过高期待其匡时警世的社会功能而忽略了其作为文学消费品的消遣娱乐实质,因而毁之赞之,众说纷纭。当下有必要站在客观的立场,重新审视这波一百年前兴起的文学浪潮。     

加工贸易、一般贸易与外部需求冲击的传导机制

进入21世纪以来,中国经济出现了两个特征:一是宏观经济波动与外部需求冲击如影随形;二是外部需求结构演变为加工贸易和一般贸易两分天下。在这样一个外部需求结构下,外部需求冲击的传导机制出现异质性特征,即来自加工贸易部门的外部需求冲击对投资和进出口产生更大影响,而来自一般贸易部门的外部需求冲击则对GDP产生更大影响。面对外部需求冲击,上述异质性效应造成的后果就是:中国无法通过单纯地调整贸易结构中的任何一部分来降低外部需求冲击造成的影响。鉴于此,提高本国企业对价值链的控制力,或者进一步多元化外部市场,都是政策的应有之义。     

第十二届全运会赛后沈阳市大学体育场馆运营研究

采用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈等研究方法,对沈阳市域内七所高等院校全运场馆赛后运营的制约因素分析认为:校领导重视程度、校园体育文化水平、地理位置、专业管理人才是影响沈阳市高等院校体育场馆赛后运营的主要因素.第十二届全运会赛后大学体育场馆运营应该改变经营理念,加强校园文化建设,培养专业管理人才队伍,切实提高大学体育场馆的赛后科学化运营管理水平.     

正义与仁爱：罗尔斯和桑德尔的分歧

罗尔斯在其正义理论中将正义作为社会制度的首要美德。然而,共同体主义者(也被称为社群主义者)桑德尔并不认为正义必然优先于仁爱等其他美德。桑德尔针对正义的优先性进行了三方面的批评:第一,罗尔斯所描述的经验性的正义环境不具有普遍性;第二,罗尔斯将原初状态的人们设定为相互冷淡的,忽略了人们之间可能存在的相互关爱的倾向;第三,罗尔斯反对以仁爱作为社会制度首要美德的重要理由——个人在认识论上的局限——是站不住脚的。     

影响幼儿教师自我认同的双向因素分析

幼儿教师自我认同不仅影响着幼儿教师的专业发展,而且影响着学前教育质量的提高。幼儿教师自我认同包括个体自我认同与社会自我认同两个重要的方面,其中幼儿教师职业的内在价值是促进幼儿教师个体自我认同的主要方面,而幼儿教师的社会交往是阻碍幼儿教师社会自我认同的主要方面。根据对这两方面因素的分析,本文试图提出提高幼儿教师自我认同的建议。