我国松散型职教集团的组织特征、存在问题及发展对策

按成员单位结合程度划分,我国职教集团大部分属于松散型职教集团。松散型职教集团虽然易于操作,但不利于职教集团的持续深入发展。文章分析了松散型职教集团的组织特性和成因,指出了当前我国松散型职教集团存在的问题,并对松散型职教集团的未来发展提出了建议。     

新疆能源强度变动的影响因素探析

本文采用Refined Laspeyres指数分解模型，对1985～2005年新疆能源强度进行分解，寻求新疆能源强度变动的主要影响因素。实证结果显示，工业部门内部能源强度改进是新疆能源利用效率提高的主因，而产业结构变动并未对其产生积极的影响。此外，工业部门能源强度的改进主导了新疆能源利用效率改进的强度效应。重工业行业内部能源强度的改进扭转了其比重上升对能源利用效率的不利影响，使得新疆工业部门能源利用效率提升。     

Identifying Latent Structures in Panel Data

This paper provides a novel mechanism for identifying and estimating latent group structures in panel data using penalized techniques. We consider both linear and nonlinear models where the regression coefficients are heterogeneous across groups but homogeneous within a group and the group membership is unknown. Two approaches are considered—penalized profile likelihood (PPL) estimation for the general nonlinear models without endogenous regressors, and penalized GMM (PGMM) estimation for linear models with endogeneity. In both cases, we develop a new variant of Lasso called classifier‐Lasso (C‐Lasso) that serves to shrink individual coefficients to the unknown group‐specific coefficients. C‐Lasso achieves simultaneous classification and consistent estimation in a single step and the classification exhibits the desirable property of uniform consistency. For PPL estimation, C‐Lasso also achieves the oracle property so that group‐specific parameter estimators are asymptotically equivalent to infeasible estimators that use individual group identity information. For PGMM estimation, the oracle property of C‐Lasso is preserved in some special cases. Simulations demonstrate good finite‐sample performance of the approach in both classification and estimation. Empirical applications to both linear and nonlinear models are presented.     

Modal non‐linear regression in the presence of Laplace measurement error

In this paper, we propose a robust estimation procedure for a class of non‐linear regression models when the covariates are contaminated with Laplace measurement error, aiming at constructing an estimation procedure for the regression parameters which are less affected by the possible outliers, and heavy‐tailed underlying distribution, as well as reducing the bias introduced by the measurement error. Starting with the modal regression procedure developed for the measurement error‐free case, a non‐trivial modification is made so that the modified version can effectively correct the potential bias caused by measurement error. Large sample properties of the proposed estimate, such as the convergence rate and the asymptotic normality, are thoroughly investigated. A simulation study and real data application are conducted to illustrate the satisfying finite sample performance of the proposed estimation procedure.     

现代汉语语气词意义主观性的主体差异--以《雷雨》为例

文章旨在探讨说话人在使用现代汉语语气词表达主观意义时的主体差异。研究表明:表达主观意义的语言手段多种多样,说话人为了实现交际目的需对其进行选择,这种语言选择会受到各种主客观因素和话语功能的影响。文章尝试以语言主观性为理论基础, 建立现代汉语语气词意义主观性的分析模式,然后对《雷雨》中语气词意义主观性的主体差异进行了个案分析。      

资产专用性对确权后农地流转的影响

农地确权后,农户对农地转出多持中立或否定的态度,这与产权明晰促进交易的产权理论大相径庭。文章探讨了资产专用性对确权后农地流转的作用机理,并运用吉林省9市1444个农户数据对其进行实证分析。结果表明：农地确权后,土地资产、农业资产、地理位置以及人力资本等专用性抑制农户转出农地,农业资产和人力资本专用性抑制农户提高农地租金,而社会资本专用性则分别存在促进作用;农业资产、地理位置以及人力资本等专用性抑制农户更长时间转出农地;农业资产专用性对转出农地须要签订合约具有抑制作用,而地理位置专用性则存在促进作用。     

Diagnostics in elliptical regression models with stochastic restrictions applied to econometrics

We propose an influence diagnostic methodology for linear regression models with stochastic restrictions and errors following elliptically contoured distributions. We study how a perturbation may impact on the mixed estimation procedure of parameters in the model. Normal curvatures and slopes for assessing influence under usual schemes are derived, including perturbations of case-weight, response variable, and explanatory variable. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology. An example with real-world economy data is presented as an illustration.     

劳务输出与脱贫致富

长期以来 ,有关方面均把贫困地区脱贫致富寄望于劳务输出。短期看来 ,劳务输出确能在一定程度上缓解贫困压力 ,但长期而言 ,劳务输出并不能从根本上解决贫困地区的脱贫致富问题。这是由劳力输出的限度、制约条件、实际效果及贫困的根本原因决定的。贫困地区脱贫的根本出路在于 :立足并开发贫困地区 ,走政府推进型脱贫致富之路。为此 ,当务之急须认真解决好三个问题 :( 1 )制定并实施开发贫困地区的战略 ;( 2 )国家加大对贫困地区的投入 ;( 3)地方政府真抓实干领导脱贫     

加入WTO背景下江苏流通企业的发展

我国将成为ＷＴＯ成员国,并在未来较短的时间逐步取消对外开放和外商市场准入方面的种种政策与法规限制。这意味着国内流通企业将面临日趋激烈的竞争环境,江苏的流通企业也必须及早做好准备,制定在竞争的发展对策。 根据当前流通业存在的问题,我认为省内流通企业必须完成一些战略性转变。 一、转变依赖政府保护的观念 流通业,特别是商业,属于竞争性行业,属于国有经济“有进有退”战略安排中“退”的部分。换言之,即使是在未加入ＷＴＯ的条件下,在这一领域,国家对国有商业均未给予政策倾斜和投资扶持,全凭国有商业企业自己的素质…     

A comparative study of confidence intervals to assess biosimilarity from analytical data

Assessment of analytical similarity of tier 1 quality attributes is based on a set of hypotheses that tests the mean difference of reference and test products against a margin adjusted for standard deviation of the reference product. Thus, proper assessment of the biosimilarity hypothesis requires statistical tests that account for the uncertainty associated with the estimations of the mean differences and the standard deviation of the reference product. Recently, a linear reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis has been proposed, which facilitates development and implementation of statistical tests. These statistical tests account for the uncertainty in the estimation process of all the unknown parameters. In this paper, we survey methods for constructing confidence intervals for testing the linearized reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis and also compare the performance of the methods. We discuss test procedures using confidence intervals to make possible comparison among recently developed methods as well as other previously developed methods that have not been applied for demonstrating analytical similarity. A computer simulation study was conducted to compare the performance of the methods based on the ability to maintain the test size and power, as well as computational complexity. We demonstrate the methods using two example applications. At the end, we make recommendations concerning the use of the methods.