The Fairness of Decision Rules

Prior work on resource allocation has generally considered only a small number of allocation rules, usually reflecting equity or equality. We use a scenario study to examine the effect of eight different allocation rules (past performance, future performance, rank, random draw, chance meetings, business need, personal need, and political reasons) on recipient reactions to the gain or loss of three different kinds of resources in an organizational setting. We find evidence that allocations based on past performance and random draw rules lead to the highest fairness perceptions and the lowest expectations that the decisions made will lead to intragroup conflict. However, fairness judgments are also influenced by a variety of other factors, such as the type of resource being allocated and whether the recipient is advantaged or disadvantaged relative to others in the workgroup (what we term the “egocentric interaction”). We discuss how our results might influence managers’ allocation decisions.     

编辑“替入作嫁”精神探析

编辑职业是社会大系统的有机组成部分,它的生存与发展有赖于与之相联系的各种社会关系.探讨编辑"替人作嫁”精神,可为编辑事业的发展提供新的视角和思路.结合编辑工作实践,从理论上研究了编辑"替人作嫁”的表现形式,并就编辑应有的劳动态度提出了新的价值观.     

《金瓶梅词话》中字序对换的双音词

本文对《金瓶梅词话》中字序对换的双音词作了穷尽性的列举 ,并参考相关论著 ,对它们的今昔运用概况和某些词义的演变作了梳理 ,同时指出 ,这类词在《金瓶梅词话》时代的口语中 ,正在蓬勃发展     

论韩国的科学技术大众化政策及其在形成科学技术文化中的作用

韩国自 60年代以来 ,为了推进经济开发五年计划的实施 ,培养一些必须的科学技术人员 ,同时为了在传统的农业社会迅速向科学技术社会转变的过程中能够提高国民的科学文化素质 ,使国民能够积极地参与到国家发展事业中来 ,韩国大力开展科学技术大众化事业。韩国的科学技术大众化事业 ,随着政府科学技术政策的发展、社会性大事件和民间的要求 ,逐渐地深化发展下去 ,并逐步向科学技术文化靠近。韩国在短短的 30年内 ,实现了经济的迅速发展 ,与此同时 ,逐渐完善了以国民的参与和需求为基础的科学技术政策     

4-氯代苯酐碱熔融法制备4-羟基苯酐

采用常温常压下的碱熔融法 ,由 4 -氯代邻苯二甲酸酐制备 4 -羟基邻苯二甲酸酐 ,测定了产物的理化性质和红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱 ,考察了温度和反应物、添加剂及碱用量等条件对产物收率和纯度的影响     

The Geographic Context of Divorce: Do Neighborhoods Matter?

Neighborhood effects on family formation processes have recently received considerable attention, but no study has yet examined the impact of neighborhood socioeconomic status on marital dissolution. This analysis merges data from 3,523 respondents to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics with census data describing the socioeconomic composition of local communities. Although a multiitem index of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is positively and significantly related to the risk of divorce, this association can be explained entirely by the low incomes of husbands in distressed neighborhoods. Thus, there appears to be no direct causal influence of neighborhood socioeconomic status on marital instability. To the extent that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage increases the prevalence of single‐parent families, it apparently does so by increasing rates of out‐of‐wedlock childbearing rather than by disrupting existing marriages among couples with children.     

人名:民间文化的多棱镜--从蒙古人名的变迁看中国文化中的民族关系

从文化是具有层次的这一观点出发,认为民间文化是一个国家、民族文化中最基础的文化,即传统文化的核心部分.也是文化传承中最稳定的部分.从其中的人名文化检视,基础文化又非一成不变.出于地缘、社会等千丝万缕的联系,中国的族际关系也使其呈现盘根错节之式.作者以蒙古人名为个例,从一个新角度实证了中国各民族文化你中有我,我中有你,我亦乃我,你亦乃你,在这种繁衍中,早已形成了密不可分而又各异的整体关系.     

人类解放的进程与社会形态的嬗变(英文)

“历史的终结”是对现实的社会历史依照资本的固有逻辑和文化逻辑做出的主观设定,超越资本主义的历史限度,迫切需要从马克思人类解放理论中获取灵感。马克思通过对市民社会的研究,得出了市民社会必然被克服的逻辑结论。而克服市民社会的过程也就是超越政治解放走向人类解放的过程。作为发展过程的“两次飞跃”,政治解放与人类解放在典型意义上使得全部历史被合乎逻辑地分成“三个阶段”：前资本主义、资本主义和共产主义。这三个阶段与马克思提出的社会发展的“三大形态”——人的依赖性社会、物的依赖性社会以及个人全面发展的社会具有内在关联。三大形态理论着眼于人的发展状况与解放程度,决定了人类解放理论同时还兼有社会形态的意义,人类解放的进程与社会形态的嬗变实际是同一个过程。在社会主义自我完善的历史定位中,中华民族在实践与理论的双重探索中寻求人类解放的一种方式,将为人类社会形态的巨大变迁创造一种具有世界历史意义的经验。